Home
User Guide
What's in a MalaCard Search Guide Our Sources
Analysis Tools
GeneCards GeneAnalytics GeneAlaCart PathCards VarElect TGex
News and Views Disease Lists/Categories
About
About MalaCards Our Publications Weizmann Institute LifeMap Discovery® Terms of Use MalaCards Team
MDD
MCID: MJR001
MIFTS: 66

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Categories: Genetic diseases, Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Major Depressive Disorder:

Name: Major Depressive Disorder 57 38 12 76 75 37 29 13 6 15 40 73
Seasonal Affective Disorder 57 12 76 25 75 55 43 44 15 73
Unipolar Depression 57 75 55 73
Major Depressive Disorder, Response to Citalopram Therapy in 57 6
Unipolar Depression, Susceptibility to 57 6
Single Major Depressive Episode 12 73
Major Depressive Disorder 1 57 73
Major Depressive Disorder 2 57 73
Winter Depression 12 73
Mdd 57 75
Sad 25 75
Major Depressive Disorder and Accelerated Response to Antidepressant Drug Treatment 57
Major Depressive Disorder with a Seasonal Pattern 25
Seasonal Affective Disorder, Susceptibility to 57
Recurrent Major Depressive Episodes 73
Depression in a Seasonal Pattern 25
Affective Disorder, Seasonal 25
Recurrent Major Depression 12
Depressive Disorder, Major 44
Seasonal Mood Disorder 25
Depression; Seasonal 25
Seasonal Depression 25

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases
Anatomical: Mental diseases Neuronal diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


Sources

Summaries for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section
MedlinePlus : 43 Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that comes and goes with the seasons. It usually starts in the late fall and early winter and goes away during the spring and summer. Some people do have episodes of depression that start in the spring or summer, but that is a lot less common. Symptoms of SAD may include Sadness Gloomy outlook Feeling hopeless, worthless, and irritable Loss of interest or pleasure in activities you used to enjoy Low energy Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping Carbohydrate cravings and weight gain Thoughts of death or suicide SAD is more common in women, young people, and those who live far from the equator. You are also more likely to have SAD if you or your family members have depression. The exact causes of SAD are unknown. Researchers have found that people with SAD may have an imbalance of serotonin, a brain chemical that affects your mood. Their bodies also make too much melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep, and not enough vitamin D. The main treatment for SAD is light therapy. The idea behind light therapy is to replace the sunshine that you miss during the fall and winter months. You sit in front of a light therapy box every morning to get daily exposure to bright, artificial light. But some people with SAD do not respond to light therapy alone. Antidepressant medicines and talk therapy can reduce SAD symptoms, either alone or combined with light therapy. NIH: National Institute of Mental Health

MalaCards based summary : Major Depressive Disorder, also known as seasonal affective disorder, is related to depression and anxiety, and has symptoms including mental and behavioral signs and symptoms and depressive symptoms. An important gene associated with Major Depressive Disorder is HTR2A (5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2A), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Serotonergic synapse and Neuroscience. The drugs Angiotensin II and Fluoxetine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, testes and cortex, and related phenotype is behavior/neurological.

Disease Ontology : 12 An endogenous depression that is characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.

Genetics Home Reference : 25 Seasonal affective disorder is a mental health condition that is triggered by the changing of the seasons. This condition is a subtype of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Major depressive disorder is characterized by prolonged sadness and a general lack of interest, while bipolar disorder is characterized by similar depressive episodes alternating with periods of abnormally high energy and activity (hypomania or mania). People with seasonal affective disorder have signs and symptoms of either major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder only during certain months of the year. Major depressive disorder is more common than bipolar disorder among people with seasonal affective disorder. This condition usually begins in a person's twenties or thirties.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot : 75 Major depressive disorder: A common psychiatric disorder. It is a complex trait characterized by one or more major depressive episodes without a history of manic, mixed, or hypomanic episodes. A major depressive episode is characterized by at least 2 weeks during which there is a new onset or clear worsening of either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities. Four additional symptoms must also be present including changes in appetite, weight, sleep, and psychomotor activity; decreased energy; feelings of worthlessness or guilt; difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions; or recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation, plans, or attempts. The episode must be accompanied by distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Wikipedia : 76 Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by... more...

Description from OMIM: 608516
Sources

Related Diseases for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Diseases in the Major Depressive Disorder family:

Major Depressive Disorder 1 Major Depressive Disorder 2

Diseases related to Major Depressive Disorder via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 245)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 depression 33.6 BDNF CRH DISC2 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
2 anxiety 32.7 BDNF CRH HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
3 endogenous depression 32.6 BDNF CRH HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
4 mental depression 32.2 BDNF CRH FKBP5 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
5 generalized anxiety disorder 31.5 BDNF HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
6 panic disorder 31.3 BDNF CRH HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
7 schizophrenia 31.3 BDNF DISC2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
8 personality disorder 31.2 BDNF DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
9 bipolar disorder 31.2 BDNF CRH DISC2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
10 dysthymic disorder 31.1 HTR2A SLC6A4
11 borderline personality disorder 31.1 BDNF HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1 TPH2
12 bipolar i disorder 31.0 BDNF HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
13 post-traumatic stress disorder 30.9 APOE BDNF CRH FKBP5 HTR2A SLC6A4
14 obsessive-compulsive disorder 30.8 BDNF CRH DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
15 alcohol dependence 30.8 BDNF CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
16 mood disorder 30.7 BDNF CRH DISC2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
17 tobacco addiction 30.7 HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
18 anorexia nervosa 30.7 BDNF CRH HTR2A SLC6A4
19 chronic fatigue syndrome 30.6 CRH HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH2
20 attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder 30.5 BDNF DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
21 psychotic disorder 30.5 BDNF DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
22 disease of mental health 30.4 APOE BDNF CRH DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
23 fibromyalgia 30.4 CRH HTR2A SLC6A4
24 postpartum depression 30.4 BDNF CRH SLC6A4
25 alcohol abuse 30.4 BDNF DRD4 HTR2A SLC6A4
26 conduct disorder 30.4 DRD4 SLC6A4 TPH1
27 eating disorder 30.4 BDNF CRH SLC6A4
28 irritable bowel syndrome 30.4 CRH SLC6A4 TPH1
29 migraine with or without aura 1 30.3 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
30 social phobia 30.3 HTR1A SLC6A4
31 schizoaffective disorder 30.3 BDNF DISC2 HTR2A SLC6A4
32 substance abuse 30.2 BDNF DRD4 SLC6A4
33 paranoid schizophrenia 30.2 BDNF HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH2
34 atypical depressive disorder 30.2 CRH HTR2A SLC6A4
35 bulimia nervosa 30.2 BDNF HTR2A SLC6A4
36 parkinson disease, late-onset 30.1 APOE BDNF HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
37 autism 30.1 BDNF DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH2
38 kleptomania 30.0 HTR1A SLC6A4
39 heroin dependence 30.0 BDNF DRD4
40 major depressive disorder 1 12.5
41 major depressive disorder 2 12.5
42 mal de debarquement syndrome 11.9
43 sudden arrhythmia death syndrome 11.8
44 mitochondrial dna depletion syndrome 11.5
45 separation anxiety disorder 11.4
46 premenstrual tension 11.3
47 mitochondrial dna depletion syndrome 4a 11.2
48 cancerophobia 11.0
49 pseudobulbar affect 11.0
50 psychosexual disorder 10.4 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4

Comorbidity relations with Major Depressive Disorder via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN): (show top 50) (show all 55)


Acute Cystitis Adjustment Disorder
Alcohol Abuse Alzheimer Disease
Anorexia Nervosa Anxiety
Atypical Depressive Disorder Avoidant Personality Disorder
Bipolar Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder
Bronchitis Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Cerebral Degeneration Chronic Myocardial Ischemia
Conversion Disorder Decubitus Ulcer
Deficiency Anemia Delusional Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder Dysthymic Disorder
Eating Disorder Esophagitis
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Heart Disease
Histrionic Personality Disorder Hypertension, Essential
Hypochondriasis Hypothyroidism
Iron Deficiency Anemia Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Ischemic Heart Disease Major Affective Disorder 9
Mitral Valve Disease Mood Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Opioid Addiction
Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis
Paralytic Ileus Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid Schizophrenia Parkinson Disease, Late-Onset
Personality Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Protein-Energy Malnutrition Respiratory Failure
Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizophrenia

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Major Depressive Disorder:



Diseases related to Major Depressive Disorder
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Clinical features from OMIM:

608516

UMLS symptoms related to Major Depressive Disorder:


mental and behavioral signs and symptoms, depressive symptoms

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Major Depressive Disorder:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 9.4 APOE BDNF CHRM2 CRH DRD4 FKBP5
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Drugs for Major Depressive Disorder (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 633)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Angiotensin II Approved, Investigational Phase 4 11128-99-7, 68521-88-0, 4474-91-3 172198 65143
2
Fluoxetine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable 54910-89-3 3386
3
Valsartan Approved, Investigational Phase 4 137862-53-4 60846
4
Citalopram Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 59729-33-8 2771
5
Fluvoxamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 54739-18-3 3404 5324346
6
Sertraline Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 79617-96-2 68617
7
Paroxetine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 61869-08-7 43815
8
Norepinephrine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 51-41-2 439260
9
Dopamine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
10
Mirtazapine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 61337-67-5, 85650-52-8 4205
11
Bupropion Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 34841-39-9, 34911-55-2 444
12
Mianserin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Early Phase 1 24219-97-4 4184
13
Trazodone Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 19794-93-5 5533
14
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable 51-45-6, 75614-87-8 774
15
Reboxetine Approved, Experimental Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 98769-81-4, 71620-89-8 123628 65856
16
Vortioxetine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Early Phase 1 508233-74-7 9966051
17
Clonazepam Approved, Illicit Phase 4 1622-61-3 2802
18
Diphenhydramine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 147-24-0, 58-73-1 3100
19
Suvorexant Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1030377-33-3
20
Promethazine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 60-87-7 4927
21
Etomidate Approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 33125-97-2 667484 36339
22
Ketamine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 6740-88-1 3821
23
Eszopiclone Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 138729-47-2 969472
24
Buspirone Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2 36505-84-7 2477
25
Acetylcholine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 51-84-3 187
26
Ethanol Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 64-17-5 702
27
Ropinirole Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 91374-21-9, 91374-20-8 497540 5095
28
Amitriptyline Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 50-48-6 2160
29
Nortriptyline Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 72-69-5 4543
30
Trimipramine Approved Phase 4 739-71-9 5584 4055
31
Perphenazine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 58-39-9 4748
32
Milnacipran Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 92623-85-3 65833
33
Sevoflurane Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 28523-86-6 5206
34
Remifentanil Approved Phase 4 132875-61-7 60815
35
Imipramine Approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 50-49-7 3696
36
Pregabalin Approved, Illicit, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 148553-50-8 5486971
37
Aripiprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 129722-12-9 60795
38
Lamotrigine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 84057-84-1 3878
39
Lithium carbonate Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 554-13-2
40
Olanzapine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable 132539-06-1 4585
41
Propofol Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 2078-54-8 4943
42 tannic acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
43
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 94-09-7, 1994-09-7 2337
44
Risperidone Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable 106266-06-2 5073
45
Moclobemide Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 71320-77-9 4235
46
Nicotine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 54-11-5 942 89594
47
Hydrocortisone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 50-03-3
48
Hydrocortisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 50-23-7 5754
49
Simvastatin Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1 79902-63-9 54454
50
Minocycline Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable 10118-90-8 5281021

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 2585)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Role of Inflammation Factors and Insulin Resistance in Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT01699490 Phase 4 Fluoxetine + Valsartan;Fluoxetine + Placebo
2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT01460212 Phase 4 SSRI antidepressants
3 Algorithm Guided Treatment Strategies for Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT01764867 Phase 4 Escitalopram;Mirtazapine;Fluoxetine;Citalopram;Escitalopram;Paroxetine;Sertraline;Fluvoxamine;Venlafaxine;Duloxetine;Mirtazapine;Bupropion;Trazodone
4 Electrophysiologic Parameters and Biomarkers Predicting Treatment Response in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT01997580 Phase 4 escitalopram
5 Beta-arrestins and Response to Venlafaxine in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (DEPARRESTCLIN) Unknown status NCT02051413 Phase 4 Venlafaxine extended release
6 Cardiovascular Effects of Agomelatine and Escitalopram in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Unknown status NCT01483053 Phase 4 Agomelatine;Escitalopram
7 Inflammatory Markers and Cognitive Function in Major Depression Unknown status NCT01391221 Phase 4 Duloxetine
8 Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response Using Machine Learning Classification Analysis Unknown status NCT02330679 Phase 4 Desvenlafaxine;Placebo
9 Escitalopram and Sleep Architecture in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT00442481 Phase 4 Escitalopram
10 Effect of Escitalopram vs. Reboxetine on Gastro-intestinal Sensitivity of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Unknown status NCT00209807 Phase 4 escitalopram;Reboxetine
11 Duloxetine for Major Depression in Peri-/Postmenopausal Women Unknown status NCT00889369 Phase 4 Duloxetine
12 Integral Assessment in Unipolar Depression Unknown status NCT02268487 Phase 4 Sertraline
13 Vortioxetine Versus Placebo in Major Depressive Disorder Comorbid With Social Anxiety Disorder Unknown status NCT02294305 Phase 4 Vortioxetine;Placebo
14 Neurochemical, Metabonomics and Neuroimaging Characterization of TCM Diagnostic Subtypes of Major Depression Disorder Unknown status NCT02346682 Phase 4 venlafaxine
15 Effect of Partial Sleep Deprivation on Cognition and Cytokines in Individuals With Major Depression Unknown status NCT00291239 Phase 4
16 A Six Week, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled, Suvorexant Augmentation Study of Antidepressant Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder With Residual Insomnia Unknown status NCT02669030 Phase 4 suvorexant;Placebo
17 Hyperventilation Combined With Etomidate or Ketamine Anesthesia in ECT Treatment of Major Depression Unknown status NCT02924090 Phase 4 Etomidate;Ketamine
18 Brain Mechanisms and Targeting Insomnia in Major Depression Unknown status NCT00628914 Phase 4 escitalopram and eszopiclone;Escitalopram, eszopiclone, and placebo;Escitalopram
19 Randomized，Controlled and Open-label Study of Buspirone add-on Treatment in Patients With Major Depression Disorder Unknown status NCT02273154 Phase 4 Buspirone;Paroxetine
20 Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depressed Patients Unknown status NCT02213016 Phase 4
21 Efficacy Study of Escitalopram for Depression in Patients With Diabetes Unknown status NCT00650897 Phase 4 Escitalopram
22 Effect of Antidepressants on White Matter Structure Unknown status NCT01492621 Phase 4 Desvenlafaxine
23 Efficacy Study of Botox for Depression Unknown status NCT01556971 Phase 4 Botox;Saline Solution
24 The Effect of Quetiapine XR in Depressive Patients Showing Aberrant N100 Amplitude Slope Unknown status NCT01357967 Phase 4 SSRI monotherapy;Seroquel XR adjunctive
25 Hippocampal Volume in Young Patients With Major Depression Before and After Combined Antidepressive Therapy Unknown status NCT00150839 Phase 4 Mirtazapine;Venlafaxine
26 Clinical Pharmacogenomics of Antidepressant Response Unknown status NCT00269334 Phase 4 Using Citalopram(drug) or Paroxetine(drug)
27 Benefits of Switching Antidepressants Following Early Nonresponse Unknown status NCT00519012 Phase 4 Sertraline to Paroxetine;Paroxetine to Sertraline
28 Fluoxetine and Bupropion to Treat Patients With Depression and Alcoholism Unknown status NCT00449007 Phase 4 fluoxetine;bupropion
29 Antidepressant Maintenance in Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT00162916 Phase 4 citalopram;Placebo
30 Pharmacogenomics Studies of Antidepressants Unknown status NCT01204086 Phase 4 Venlafaxine;Fluoxetine
31 A Placebo Controlled Trial of the Dopamine D-2 Receptor Agonist Ropinirole in Treatment of 60 Patients With Refractory Bipolar Depression. Unknown status NCT00335205 Phase 4 ropinirole
32 Optimizing Antidepressant Treatment by Genotype-dependent Adjustment of Medication According to the ABCB1 Gene Unknown status NCT02237937 Phase 4 Paroxetine;Sertraline;Citalopram;Venlafaxine;Amitriptyline;Escitalopram;Amitriptylinoxide;Nortriptyline;Trimipramine
33 Can Vitamin D3 Supplementation Affect Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Depression Unknown status NCT01390662 Phase 4
34 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Milnacipran in the Treatment of Pain Due to Osteoarthritis Unknown status NCT01329406 Phase 4 Milnacipran;Placebo
35 Effect of the Addition of Ketamine to Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Electroconvulsive Therapy Unknown status NCT02267980 Phase 4 Sevoflurane;Ketamine;Saline
36 The Effects of Remifentanil on Attenuating the Hemodynamic Responses After Electroconvulsive Therapy Unknown status NCT02271555 Phase 4 Sevoflurane;Remifentanil;Saline
37 Depression Care Management for Depressed Elders in China Primary Care Unknown status NCT01287494 Phase 4 Sertraline
38 Myoinositol for the Treatment of Ovarian and Psychiatric Disorder in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Patients Unknown status NCT01246310 Phase 4
39 Reboxetine Treatment in Depressed Children and Adolescents an 8-Week, Open Study Unknown status NCT00426946 Phase 4 Reboxetine
40 SmartTouch Catheter for Left Anterior Line - SmarT Line Study Unknown status NCT02217657 Phase 4
41 Imipramine and Pregabalin Combination in Painful Polyneuropathy Unknown status NCT01047488 Phase 4 Imipramine;Pregabalin;Imipramine, pregabalin;Placebo
42 Escitalopram in the Treatment of Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder or Anxiety Disorders Active, not recruiting NCT03122158 Phase 4 Escitalopram
43 Vortioxetine, 5, 10, and 20 mg, Relapse Prevention Study in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder Active, not recruiting NCT02371980 Phase 4 Vortioxetine;Placebo
44 Safety and Efficacy of Vilazodone in Major Depressive Disorder Completed NCT01473381 Phase 4 Vilazodone;Placebo to citalopram;Placebo to vilazodone;Citalopram
45 Safety, Efficacy, and Tolerability of Vilazodone in Major Depressive Disorder Completed NCT01473394 Phase 4 Dose-matched placebo;Vilazodone
46 Safety and Efficacy of Vilazodone in Major Depressive Disorder Completed NCT01573598 Phase 4 Placebo;Vilazodone;Vilazodone
47 Effects of Treatment on Decision-making in Major Depression Completed NCT01916824 Phase 4 Any FDA Approved Antidepressant
48 Efficacy and Tolerability of Escitalopram and Duloxetine in Outpatients With Major Depressive Disorder Completed NCT01148472 Phase 4 Escitalopram;Duloxetine
49 Wellbutrin XL, Major Depressive Disorder and Breast Cancer Completed NCT00234195 Phase 4 bupropion extended release (Wellbutrin XL)
50 Study Evaluating Desvenlafaxine Succinate Sustained-Release (DVS SR) in Adult Outpatients With Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Completed NCT01432457 Phase 4 desvenlafaxine succinate sustained-release 50 mg/day;desvenlafaxine succinate sustained-release 100 mg/day;placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Major Depressive Disorder

Cochrane evidence based reviews: seasonal affective disorder

Sources

Genetic Tests for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Genetic tests related to Major Depressive Disorder:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Major Depressive Disorder 29 FKBP5 HTR2A TPH2
Sources

Anatomical Context for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Major Depressive Disorder:

41
Brain, Testes, Cortex, Heart, Prefrontal Cortex, Amygdala, Thyroid
Sources

Publications for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Articles related to Major Depressive Disorder:

(show top 50) (show all 2704)
# Title Authors Year
1
Correlation between depression/anxiety symptom severity and quality of life in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. ( 30292023 )
2019
2
Symptoms of social anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder: A network perspective. ( 30292147 )
2019
3
Persistent depressive disorder has long-term negative impacts on depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms at 10-year follow-up among patients with major depressive disorder. ( 30248637 )
2019
4
Corrigendum to "Taxonicity and network structure of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder: An admixture analysis and complex network analysis." [Journal of Affective Disorders, 199 (2016) 99-105]. ( 30189353 )
2019
5
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Conditions Other than Major Depressive Disorder. ( 30389075 )
2019
6
Health, pre-disease and critical transition to disease in the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network: Are there distinct states in the progression from health to major depressive disorder? ( 30393143 )
2019
7
Altered hippocampal function with preserved cognitive performance in treatment-naive major depressive disorder. ( 30422941 )
2019
8
Cortical thickness in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( 30118825 )
2019
9
Similar profiles of cognitive domain deficits between medication-naïve patients with bipolar II depression and those with major depressive disorder. ( 30227315 )
2019
10
Severity-dependent and -independent brain regions of major depressive disorder: A long-term longitudinal near-infrared spectroscopy study. ( 30248636 )
2019
11
Transcranial and systemic photobiomodulation for major depressive disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, tolerability and biological mechanisms. ( 30248638 )
2019
12
Aberrant cortical neurodevelopment in major depressive disorder. ( 30261449 )
2019
13
A systematic meta-review of predictors of antidepressant treatment outcome in major depressive disorder. ( 30286415 )
2019
14
Alterations in patients with major depressive disorder before and after electroconvulsive therapy measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF). ( 30326347 )
2019
15
Assessment of the psychometric properties of the 17- and 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scales in major depressive disorder, bipolar depression and bipolar depression with mixed features. ( 30055852 )
2019
16
The Cognitive Reserve Should Be Controlled When Using Neuroimaging to Assess Relapse in Major Depressive Disorder-Reply. ( 29955762 )
2018
17
Alterations in Serum BDNF and GDNF Levels after 12 Weeks of Antidepressant Treatment in Female Outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29945425 )
2018
18
The Cognitive Reserve Should Be Controlled When Using Neuroimaging to Assess Relapse in Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29955790 )
2018
19
Ratings surveillance and reliability in a study of major depressive disorder with subthreshold hypomania (mixed features). ( 29943445 )
2018
20
Functional brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder using the Hilbert-Huang transform. ( 29427063 )
2018
21
Cerebrospinal fluid D-serine concentrations in major depressive disorder negatively correlate with depression severity. ( 28985587 )
2018
22
Development of a Strategic Tool for Shared Decision-Making in the Use of Antidepressants among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Focus Group Study. ( 29970848 )
2018
23
Oxidative stress in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis: Possible association with major depressive disorder? ( 29414551 )
2018
24
Major depressive disorder: Longitudinal analysis of impact on clinical and behavioural outcomes in Uganda. ( 29424787 )
2018
25
A machine learning framework involving EEG-based functional connectivity to diagnose major depressive disorder (MDD). ( 28702811 )
2018
26
Major depressive disorder and access to health services among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada. ( 29351757 )
2018
27
Major depressive disorder and depressive symptoms in intermittent explosive disorder. ( 29455060 )
2018
28
ERP investigation of attentional disengagement from suicide-relevant information in patients with major depressive disorder. ( 28846957 )
2018
29
Therapeutic Antidepressant Potential of NONHSAG045500 in Regulating Serotonin Transporter in Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29955033 )
2018
30
Prevalence of suicidal behaviors in patients with major depressive disorder in China: A comprehensive meta-analysis. ( 28779680 )
2018
31
Brief Report: Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features in Williams Syndrome: A Case Series. ( 29164439 )
2018
32
Model-based comparing efficacy of fluoxetine between elderly and non-elderly participants with major depressive disorder. ( 29324370 )
2018
33
Insights into Macrophage Heterogeneity and Cytokine-Induced Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29941796 )
2018
34
Distinguishing Subgroups Based on Psychomotor Functioning among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29975958 )
2018
35
Multimodal Treatment With ECT for Identity Integration in a Patient With Dissociative Identity Disorder, Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder: A Rare Case Report. ( 29977211 )
2018
36
Epidemiology of Adult DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder and Its Specifiers in the United States. ( 29450462 )
2018
37
Increased cerebrospinal fluid complement C5 levels in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. ( 29454970 )
2018
38
Change in 1-year hospitalization of overall and older patients with major depressive disorder after second-generation antipsychotics augmentation treatment. ( 29407535 )
2018
39
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Escitalopram in Patients with Asthma and Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29409976 )
2018
40
MicroRNA132 associated multimodal neuroimaging patterns in unmedicated major depressive disorder. ( 29408968 )
2018
41
Desvenlafaxine Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder. ( 29185786 )
2018
42
Pretreatment and early-treatment cortical thickness is associated with SSRI treatment response in major depressive disorder. ( 29955151 )
2018
43
Disrupted topology of hippocampal connectivity is associated with short-term antidepressant response in major depressive disorder. ( 28866298 )
2018
44
Depression With Mixed Features in Major Depressive Disorder: A New Diagnosis or There All Along? ( 29419949 )
2018
45
Altered spontaneous brain activity in MRI-negative refractory temporal lobe epilepsy patients with major depressive disorder: A resting-state fMRI study. ( 29406962 )
2018
46
In Silico Preliminary Association of Ammonia Metabolism Genes GLS, CPS1, and GLUL with Risk of Alzheimer's Disease, Major Depressive Disorder, and Type 2 Diabetes. ( 29441491 )
2018
47
Effects of tandospirone augmentation in major depressive disorder patients with high anxiety: A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled, open-label study. ( 29433063 )
2018
48
A novel relationship for schizophrenia, bipolar and major depressive disorder Part 3: Evidence from chromosome 3 high density association screen. ( 28856687 )
2018
49
Axonal myelin decrease in the splenium in major depressive disorder. ( 29980921 )
2018
50
Does intensity or youth affect the neurobiological effect of exercise on major depressive disorder? ( 27693226 )
2018
Sources

Variations for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Major Depressive Disorder:

6
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 TPH2 NM_173353.3(TPH2): c.1322G> A (p.Arg441His) single nucleotide variant risk factor rs120074175 GRCh37 Chromosome 12, 72425324: 72425324
2 TPH2 NM_173353.3(TPH2): c.1322G> A (p.Arg441His) single nucleotide variant risk factor rs120074175 GRCh38 Chromosome 12, 72031544: 72031544
3 APOE NM_000041.3(APOE): c.364C> A (p.Leu122Met) single nucleotide variant not provided rs587778876 GRCh37 Chromosome 19, 45411917: 45411917
4 APOE NM_000041.3(APOE): c.364C> A (p.Leu122Met) single nucleotide variant not provided rs587778876 GRCh38 Chromosome 19, 44908660: 44908660
5 APOE NM_000041.3(APOE): c.451C> A (p.Leu151Met) single nucleotide variant not provided rs587778877 GRCh37 Chromosome 19, 45412004: 45412004
6 APOE NM_000041.3(APOE): c.451C> A (p.Leu151Met) single nucleotide variant not provided rs587778877 GRCh38 Chromosome 19, 44908747: 44908747
7 HTR2A NM_000621.4(HTR2A): c.614-2211T> C single nucleotide variant drug response rs7997012 GRCh37 Chromosome 13, 47411985: 47411985
8 HTR2A NM_000621.4(HTR2A): c.614-2211T> C single nucleotide variant drug response rs7997012 GRCh38 Chromosome 13, 46837850: 46837850
Sources

Expression for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section
Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Major Depressive Disorder.
Sources

Pathways for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Pathways related to Major Depressive Disorder according to KEGG:

37
# Name Kegg Source Accession
1 Serotonergic synapse hsa04726

Pathways related to Major Depressive Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Neuroscience 4
12.24 APOE HTR1A TPH1 TPH2
3
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
11.71 BDNF CHRM2 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1
4
Monoamine GPCRs 1
Show member pathways
 11.68 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
5
Serotonergic synapse 37
11.61 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1 TPH2
6
GPCRs, Other 1
11.55 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR2A
7
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 61
10.47 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4 TPH1 TPH2
Sources

GO Terms for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section

Cellular components related to Major Depressive Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 9.56 APOE CHRM2 DRD4 HTR2A
2 integral component of presynaptic membrane GO:0099056 9.33 CHRM2 HTR2A SLC6A4
3 integral component of postsynaptic membrane GO:0099055 9.13 CHRM2 HTR2A SLC6A4
4 dendrite GO:0030425 9.1 APOE BDNF CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A

Biological processes related to Major Depressive Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 18)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cellular calcium ion homeostasis GO:0006874 9.7 APOE DRD4 HTR2A
2 circadian rhythm GO:0007623 9.67 SLC6A4 TPH1 TPH2
3 memory GO:0007613 9.65 BDNF HTR2A SLC6A4
4 chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268 9.65 CHRM2 CRH DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
5 response to immobilization stress GO:0035902 9.57 CRH TPH1
6 behavioral response to cocaine GO:0048148 9.56 DRD4 HTR2A
7 positive regulation of kinase activity GO:0033674 9.55 DRD4 HTR2A
8 vasoconstriction GO:0042310 9.54 HTR1A SLC6A4
9 locomotory exploration behavior GO:0035641 9.51 APOE CRH
10 regulation of dopamine metabolic process GO:0042053 9.46 DRD4 HTR1A
11 aromatic amino acid family metabolic process GO:0009072 9.43 TPH1 TPH2
12 behavior GO:0007610 9.4 HTR1A HTR2A
13 serotonin receptor signaling pathway GO:0007210 9.37 HTR1A HTR2A
14 serotonin biosynthetic process GO:0042427 9.32 TPH1 TPH2
15 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger GO:0007187 9.26 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
16 regulation of serotonin secretion GO:0014062 9.16 CRH HTR1A
17 G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway GO:0098664 8.92 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
18 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 10.05 APOE CHRM2 CRH DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A

Molecular functions related to Major Depressive Disorder according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 drug binding GO:0008144 9.54 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR2A
2 serotonin binding GO:0051378 9.33 HTR1A HTR2A SLC6A4
3 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen GO:0016714 9.32 TPH1 TPH2
4 tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity GO:0004510 9.26 TPH1 TPH2
5 neurotransmitter receptor activity GO:0030594 9.26 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
6 G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity GO:0004993 8.92 CHRM2 DRD4 HTR1A HTR2A
Sources

Sources for Major Depressive Disorder

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Content
Loading form....