Middle Ear Disease disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MalaCards based summary: Middle Ear Disease, also known as disorder of middle ear, is related to mastoiditis and otitis media. An important gene associated with Middle Ear Disease is CFAP47 (Cilia And Flagella Associated Protein 47), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and Akt Signaling. The drugs Racephedrine and Phenylephrine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include eye, bone and brain, and related phenotypes are homeostasis/metabolism and immune system

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Related Diseases for Middle Ear Disease

Diseases related to Middle Ear Disease via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 851)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	mastoiditis	32.2	RSPH4A PRTN3 DHRS2 CRP CD4
2	otitis media	31.4	TNF TLR2 MUC5B MUC5AC IL6 IL1B
3	otitis externa	31.0	IL6 CRP CD4
4	otorrhea	30.9	RSPH4A DNAH11 DHRS2 CRP
5	suppurative otitis media	30.8	MUC5B MUC5AC FBXO11 DHRS2 CRP
6	chronic purulent otitis media	30.8	TLR2 MUC5B MUC5AC FBXO11 DHRS2
7	haemophilus influenzae	30.7	TNF TLR2 IL1B CXCL8
8	labyrinthitis	30.7	TNF IL1B CRP
9	intracranial abscess	30.7	CRP CD4
10	bell's palsy	30.7	TNF IL6 CRP CD4
11	upper respiratory tract disease	30.6	TNF SERPINA3 IL6 CFAP47 CD4 CCR6
12	common cold	30.5	TNF MUC5AC IL6 IL1B CXCL8 CRP
13	rhinitis	30.5	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
14	gastroesophageal reflux	30.5	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
15	external ear disease	30.5	IL6 CRP CD4
16	pleural empyema	30.5	IL6 CRP CD4
17	facial paralysis	30.5	TNF PRTN3 IL6 CRP CD4
18	adenoid hypertrophy	30.4	IL6 CXCL8 CD4
19	adult syndrome	30.4	TNF IL6 CRP
20	nasopharyngitis	30.4	TNF IL6 CRP CCR6
21	esophagitis	30.4	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
22	ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 1	30.3	RSPH4A DNAI1 DNAH5 DNAH11
23	acquired immunodeficiency syndrome	30.3	TNF IL6 IL1B CRP CD4
24	tonsillitis	30.2	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
25	hypersensitivity vasculitis	30.2	TNF SERPINA3 PRTN3 IL6 CRP CD4
26	vasculitis	30.1	TNF SERPINA3 PRTN3 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
27	cystic fibrosis	30.0	TNF TLR2 PRTN3 MUC5B MUC5AC IL6
28	primary ciliary dyskinesia	30.0	RSPH4A MUC5B MUC5AC DNAI1 DNAH5 DNAH11
29	asthma	29.9	TNF TLR2 SERPINA3 PRTN3 MUC5B MUC5AC
30	adhesive otitis media	11.5
31	isolated congenital auditory ossicle malformation	11.1
32	cholesteatoma of middle ear	10.6
33	cleft palate, isolated	10.5
34	histiocytosis	10.5	TNF SERPINA3 CCR6
35	external pathological resorption	10.5	TNF IL6
36	chronic atticoantral disease	10.5	TNF MUC5AC
37	ventilation pneumonitis	10.5	CRP CD4
38	syphilitic meningitis	10.5	CRP CD4
39	bicipital tenosynovitis	10.5	PRTN3 CRP
40	mikulicz disease	10.5	CRP CD4 CCR6
41	pericardial tuberculosis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
42	orbital granuloma	10.5	PRTN3 CRP
43	optic papillitis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
44	lymph node tuberculosis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
45	granulomatous dermatitis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
46	nocardiosis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
47	granulomatous hepatitis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
48	opportunistic bacterial infectious disease	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
49	intestinal tuberculosis	10.5	TNF CRP CD4
50	toxic megacolon	10.5	TNF CRP CCR6

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Middle Ear Disease:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Middle Ear Disease

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Middle Ear Disease:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	10.17	CCR6 CD4 CRP DHRS2 DNAH11 DNAH5
2	immune system	MP:0005387	10.06	CCR6 CD4 CRP DNAH11 DNAH5 DNAI1
3	digestive/alimentary	MP:0005381	9.86	CD4 DNAH11 DNAH5 FBXO11 IL6 MUC5AC
4	respiratory system	MP:0005388	9.56	DNAH11 DNAH5 DNAI1 IL6 MUC5B SIGLEC5
5	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	9.47	CCR6 CD4 DNAH11 DNAH5 DNAI1 FBXO11

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Middle Ear Disease

Drugs for Middle Ear Disease (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 21)

#

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

1

Racephedrine

Approved, Experimental

Phase 1

299-42-3, 90-82-4, 90-81-3

5032 9294 7028

2

Phenylephrine

Approved

Phase 1

59-42-7

6041

3

Histamine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

51-45-6

774

4

Oxymetazoline

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

1491-59-4

4636

5

Cardiotonic Agents

Phase 1

6

Neurotransmitter Agents

Phase 1

7

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Phase 1

8

Bronchodilator Agents

Phase 1

9

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists

Phase 1

10

Adrenergic Agonists

Phase 1

11

Adrenergic Agents

Phase 1

12

Anti-Asthmatic Agents

Phase 1

13

Vasoconstrictor Agents

Phase 1

14

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Phase 1

15

Histamine phosphate

Phase 1

51-74-1

134614

16

Respiratory System Agents

Phase 1

17

Mydriatics

Phase 1

18

Sympathomimetics

Phase 1

19

Protective Agents

Phase 1

20

Nasal Decongestants

Phase 1

21

Anesthetics

Interventional clinical trials:

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Middle Ear Pressure Regulation in Health and Disease -- Gas Supply, Demand and Middle Ear Gas Balance -- Specific Aim 2	Completed	NCT01925729	Phase 1	pseudoephedrine;Oxymetazoline
2	Audiometric Parameters in Conductive Hearing Loss and Middle Ear Disease	Unknown status	NCT00222417
3	Taste Disorders in Middle Ear Disease and After Middle Ear Surgery	Unknown status	NCT01584011
4	The Effect of Total Compression Time and Rate (Slope) of Compression on Incidence of Symptomatic Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and Middle Ear Barotrauma: A Phase II Prospective Study.	Completed	NCT04776967
5	Messung Der Beweglichkeit Der Gehörknöchelchenkette während Einer Ohroperation. ("Objective Measurements of Ossicular Chain Mobility Using a Palpating Instrument Intraoperatively")	Completed	NCT02554422
6	Ph.D.-Project: Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis	Recruiting	NCT05055115
7	Improved Otologic Implants on Demand Intraoperatively With 3D CAD/CAM Autografts	Recruiting	NCT03297736
8	The Effect of Rate (Slope) of Compression on the Incidence of Symptomatic Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and Middle Ear Barotrauma: a Phase III Prospective Study.	Recruiting	NCT04804098
9	Optical Coherence Tomography of the Middle Ear Using Ossiview	Recruiting	NCT05085379
10	Otitis Media Diagnosis and Treatment: Coherent Optical Detection of Middle Ear Disease	Recruiting	NCT05353569

Search NIH Clinical Center for Middle Ear Disease

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Genetic Tests for Middle Ear Disease

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Anatomical Context for Middle Ear Disease

Organs/tissues related to Middle Ear Disease:

MalaCards : Eye, Bone, Brain, Cortex, T Cells, Thyroid, Lung

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Publications for Middle Ear Disease

Articles related to Middle Ear Disease:

(show top 50) (show all 1094)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Diagnostic and management plan concordance across advanced audiologists, paediatric audiologists and non-specialist ENT doctors. ⁶²	Pokorny MA...Wilson WJ	36384388	2022
2	Culturally safe speech-language supports for First Nations children: Achieving Sustainable Development Goals 3, 4, 8 and 10. ⁶²	Salins A...McMahon C	36412077	2022
3	Factors affecting clinic attendance for children referred with middle ear conditions. ⁶²	McLaren H...Douglas R	36424855	2022
4	The reliability of video otoscopy recordings and still images in the asynchronous diagnosis of middle-ear disease. ⁶²	Alenezi EMA...Brennan-Jones CG	34596478	2022
5	Ear and hearing health in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 years and older: A scoping review. ⁶²	Pender AM...Askew DA	36260709	2022
6	Postmastoidectomy Hyperacusis Syndrome: Clinical Features and Treatment. ⁶²	Ng JH...Kuthubutheen J	36047684	2022
7	Hearing Results in Patients With No Ossicular Chain Reconstruction and Factors Influencing the Outcome. ⁶²	Alicandri-Ciufelli M...Marchioni D	36047689	2022
8	Evaluating the inclusion of tympanometry in population-based surveys of hearing loss. ⁶²	Bright T...Polack S	35606901	2022
9	Characterization of Otolaryngology Referrals among Pacific Islanders in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. ⁶²	Duncan SG...Moss WJ	36118152	2022
10	Morphological and pathological changes of Eustachian tube mucosa in an animal model of eosinophilic otitis media. ⁶²	Yang J...Zhao S	33176987	2022
11	Single-Center-Single-Blinded Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Nutraceutical Containing Boswellia Serrata, Bromelain, Zinc, Magnesium, Honey, Tyndallized Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Casei to Fight Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and Otitis Media. ⁶²	Della Volpe A...Di Stadio A	36011184	2022
12	Endoscopic Cartilage Butterfly Tympanoplasty: A Two-Handed Technique with Endoscope Holder. ⁶²	Parab SR...Zaidi A	36032843	2022
13	Environmental Factors for Hearing Loss and Middle Ear Disease in Alaska Native Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Cluster Randomized Trial. ⁶²	Hicks KL...Emmett SD	35998103	2022
14	Audiometric Outcomes Comparing Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Ossiculoplasty. ⁶²	Sakai M...Kutz JW	35802898	2022
15	The Relationship between the M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization and the Degree of Ossicular Erosion in Human Acquired Cholesteatoma: An Immunohistochemical Study. ⁶²	Bassiouni M...Ro?ner F	36013064	2022
16	Otalgia and Facial Nerve Palsy: Common Symptoms Revealing the Uncommon Pathology of Middle Ear Lymphoma. ⁶²	Jumaat AF...Goh BS	35591894	2022
17	Persisting variance in middle ear ventilation tube insertion in Auckland children: why ethnic disparity continues. ⁶²	Seo JY...Purdy SC	35728207	2022
18	Transoral ventral tympanic bulla osteotomy in cats: 13 cases (2016-2019). ⁶²	Moissonnier PHM...Viguier E	35358062	2022
19	Congenital Anomalies of the Ossicular Chain: Surgical and Audiological Outcomes. ⁶²	Henkemans SE...Thomeer HGXM	34116598	2022
20	gom1 Mutant Mice as a Model of Otitis Media. ⁶²	Zheng T...Zheng QY	35118601	2022
21	Smartphone-Enabled versus Conventional Otoscopy in Detecting Middle Ear Disease: A Meta-Analysis. ⁶²	Chen CH...Cheng YF	35454020	2022
22	Adenoidectomy for middle ear disease in cleft palate children: a systematic review. ⁶²	Rosso C...Saibene AM	34453572	2022
23	Association between habitual snoring, middle ear disease, and speech problems in young children with non-syndromic cleft palate anomalies. ⁶²	Moraleda-Cibrian M...O'Brien LM	34364736	2022
24	Nitric Oxide Is Locally Produced in the Human Middle Ear and Is Reduced by Acquired Cholesteatoma. ⁶²	Westerberg J...Cardell LO	34699401	2022
25	Leveraging Open Electronic Health Record Data and Environmental Exposures Data to Derive Insights Into Rare Pulmonary Disease. ⁶²	Fecho K...Yi H	35837616	2022
26	Ear microbiota and middle ear disease: a longitudinal pilot study of Aboriginal children in a remote south Australian setting. ⁶²	Taylor SL...Rogers GB	35026986	2022
27	High-Throughput Sequencing Investigation of Bacterial Diversity in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Middle Ear Cholesteatoma. ⁶²	Cheng X...Gu X	36193141	2022
28	[Mastoid cavity obliteration with allogenic and autologous material]. ⁶²	Weiss N...Mlynski R	33946124	2022
29	Preoperative prediction by artificial intelligence for mastoid extension in pars flaccida cholesteatoma using temporal bone high-resolution computed tomography: A retrospective study. ⁶²	Takahashi M...Kojima H	36190937	2022
30	Long-Term Effects of Metal-on-Metal Cobalt-Chromium-Containing Prostheses Used in Total Knee Arthroplasty on Hearing and Tinnitus. ⁶²	Ozdemir O...Yigit O	35990291	2022
31	Risk factors for Australian school-age children in socio-economically disadvantaged populations not passing ear and hearing screening. ⁶²	McMahon CM...Nakad P	34873613	2021
32	Cell sheet transplantation prevents inflammatory adhesions: A new treatment for adhesive otitis media. ⁶²	Yamamoto K...Kojima H	34805451	2021
33	[Analysis of spatial location of the malleus in patients with chronic otitis media based on 10 μm otology CT]. ⁶²	Tang RW...Wang ZC	34905886	2021
34	Subannular Tubes in Children With Cleft Palate. ⁶²	Martins SP...Moura CP	33535818	2021
35	[Study on the relationship between the morphology of the isthmus of the vestibular aqueduct and Meniere's disease based on 10 μm otology CT]. ⁶²	Zhao L...Wang ZC	34905888	2021
36	Middle ear disease requiring myringotomy in the first two years after tracheotomy in the pediatric population. ⁶²	Kloosterman N...Whigham AS	34411868	2021
37	Respiratory viruses in the healthy middle ear and middle ear with otitis media with effusion. ⁶²	Durmaz B...Kalcioglu MT	34160830	2021
38	Cystic fibrosis mutation classes in pediatric otitis media - Fickle or faulty? ⁶²	Kaffenberger TM...Dohar JE	33957545	2021
39	Complete restoration of congenital conductive hearing loss by staged surgery: A case report. ⁶²	Yoo JS...Lee EJ	34904101	2021
40	Unlearning the ABCs of Tympanometry. ⁶²	McCoul ED	33687296	2021
41	Seronegative granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting as an acute skull base osteomyelitis with multiple cranial neuropathies. ⁶²	Lotfallah A...Mathews J	34691387	2021
42	Characteristics of health-related quality of life in different types of chronic middle ear disease. ⁶²	Bachinger D...Weiss NM	33242111	2021
43	Identification of critical windows in early development of human upper respiratory tract and middle ear disease. ⁶²	Pagano AS...Laitman JT	33586870	2021
44	An Incidental Chorda Tympani Schwannoma Identified During Middle Ear Surgery. ⁶²	Durmus K...Vural C	34713010	2021
45	Disability from chronic ear disease in Nepal assessed using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 instrument. ⁶²	Rudd J...Gurung U	34496988	2021
46	Craniocervical fractures management in case of craniocervical pneumatization: case report and review of the literature. ⁶²	Jannelli G...Tessitore E	33389118	2021
47	Aeration of the Human Prussak's Space: A 3D Synchrotron Imaging Study. ⁶²	Li H...Rask-Andersen H	33859141	2021
48	Prevalence of Otological Disease in Turner Syndrome: A Systematic Review. ⁶²	Geerardyn A...Verhaert N	33625195	2021
49	Nasal autoinflation devices for middle ear disease in cleft palate children: are they effective? ⁶²	Rosso C...Saibene AM	34533540	2021
50	Rising Resonance Frequency Is the Sole Sign of Early Middle Ear Disease in Children With Adenoid Hypertrophy. ⁶²	Kourelis K...Kourelis T	33625192	2021

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Genes for Middle Ear Disease

Genes related to Middle Ear Disease (0 elite genes):

(show all 41)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	CFAP47	Cilia And Flagella Associated Protein 47	Protein Coding	9.65	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴ ¹⁴
2	DHRS2	Dehydrogenase/Reductase 2	Protein Coding	8.23	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
3	CCR6	C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 6	Protein Coding	7.67	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
4	CRP	C-Reactive Protein	Protein Coding	6.96	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
5	SERPINA3	Serpin Family A Member 3	Protein Coding	6.87	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
6	CD4	CD4 Molecule	Protein Coding	6.78	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
7	FBXO11	F-Box Protein 11	Protein Coding	6.75	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
8	MUC5AC	Mucin 5AC, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming	Protein Coding	6.74	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
9	TNF	Tumor Necrosis Factor	Protein Coding	6.74	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
10	DNAH11	Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 11	Protein Coding	6.72	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
11	DNAH5	Dynein Axonemal Heavy Chain 5	Protein Coding	6.72	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
12	IL1B	Interleukin 1 Beta	Protein Coding	6.7	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
13	IL6	Interleukin 6	Protein Coding	6.65	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
14	PRTN3	Proteinase 3	Protein Coding	6.65	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
15	MUC5B	Mucin 5B, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming	Protein Coding	6.62	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
16	DNAI1	Dynein Axonemal Intermediate Chain 1	Protein Coding	6.6	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
17	CXCL8	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8	Protein Coding	6.59	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
18	TLR2	Toll Like Receptor 2	Protein Coding	6.54	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
19	SIGLEC5	Sialic Acid Binding Ig Like Lectin 5	Protein Coding	6.54	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
20	RSPH4A	Radial Spoke Head Component 4A	Protein Coding	6.49	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
21	TLR4	Toll Like Receptor 4	Protein Coding	6.44	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
22	IL10	Interleukin 10	Protein Coding	6.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
23	CD8A	CD8a Molecule	Protein Coding	6.34	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
24	ALB	Albumin	Protein Coding	6.29	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
25	CCDC40	Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 40	Protein Coding	6.28	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
26	DNAI2	Dynein Axonemal Intermediate Chain 2	Protein Coding	6.28	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
27	RSPH9	Radial Spoke Head Component 9	Protein Coding	6.28	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
28	EYA4	EYA Transcriptional Coactivator And Phosphatase 4	Protein Coding	6.24	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
29	IL4	Interleukin 4	Protein Coding	6.23	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
30	MPO	Myeloperoxidase	Protein Coding	6.22	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
31	SFTPA1	Surfactant Protein A1	Protein Coding	6.2	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
32	IL5	Interleukin 5	Protein Coding	6.18	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
33	CCDC39	Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 39	Protein Coding	6.18	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
34	GJB2	Gap Junction Protein Beta 2	Protein Coding	6.1	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
35	SFTPA2	Surfactant Protein A2	Protein Coding	6.1	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
36	A2ML1	Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Like 1	Protein Coding	6.1	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
37	CD19	CD19 Molecule	Protein Coding	6.09	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
38	DNAAF2	Dynein Axonemal Assembly Factor 2	Protein Coding	6.07	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
39	COPB1	COPI Coat Complex Subunit Beta 1	Protein Coding	6.06	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
40	ODAD1	Outer Dynein Arm Docking Complex Subunit 1	Protein Coding	6.06	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
41	IL17A	Interleukin 17A	Protein Coding	5.95	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴

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Variations for Middle Ear Disease

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Expression for Middle Ear Disease

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Middle Ear Disease.

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Pathways for Middle Ear Disease

Pathways related to Middle Ear Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 38)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Innate Immune System ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Immune System ⁶⁶ Neutrophil degranulation ⁶⁶	13.72	TNF TLR2 SIGLEC5 SERPINA3 PRTN3 MUC5B
2	Akt Signaling ⁶⁴ Show member pathways p38 Signaling ⁶⁴ Tec Kinases Signaling ⁶⁴	13.36	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8 CD4
3	Toll-like receptor signaling pathway ⁷⁴ Show member pathways Hepatitis B infection ⁷⁴ Measles virus infection ⁷⁴ Regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway ⁷⁴	12.8	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
4	Toll-Like receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Inflammasome Activation Pathways ⁶⁵ Nanomaterial-induced inflammasome activation ⁷⁴ NOD-like Receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁵ TLR4 signaling and tolerance ⁷⁴ Toll-Like Receptors Pathway ⁶⁴	12.47	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
5	Bacterial infections in CF airways ²² Show member pathways Altered glycosylation of MUC1 in tumor microenvironment ⁷⁴ IL-1 beta-dependent CFTR expression ²² IL1-mediated signaling events ⁶¹ Immune response Bacterial infections in normal airways ²² Immune response TLR signaling pathways ²² NTHi-Induced Signaling ⁶⁴ Signal transduction through IL1R ⁷⁴	12.38	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
6	Toll Comparative Pathway ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL-1 Pathway ⁶⁴ Immune response MIF in innate immunity response ²² iNOS Signaling ⁶⁴ TLR-TRIF Pathway ⁶⁴	12.27	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
7	Defensins ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Alpha-defensins ⁶⁶ Antimicrobial peptides ⁶⁶ Beta defensins ⁶⁶ Ion influx/efflux at host-pathogen interface ⁶⁶ Metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins ⁶⁶	12.27	TLR2 PRTN3 CD4 CCR6
8	IL-1 Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁵ Show member pathways IL1 signaling pathway ⁶⁷ Immune response IL-1 signaling pathway ²² Interleukin-1 (IL-1) structural pathway ⁷⁴ Interleukin-33 signaling ⁶⁶ Interleukin-36 pathway ⁶⁶ Mucin expression in CF via TLRs, EGFR signaling pathways ²² Pathogen or Damage-activated C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling Pathways ⁶⁵	12.25	TNF TLR2 MUC5B MUC5AC IL6 IL1B
9	Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) susceptibility pathways ⁷⁴	12.13	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
10	IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁵ Show member pathways IL17 signaling pathway ⁶⁷ IL-17 signaling pathway ⁷⁴ Mucin expression in CF via IL-6, IL-17 signaling pathways ²²	12.02	CXCL8 IL6 MUC5AC MUC5B TLR2 TNF
11	Spinal cord injury ⁷⁴	11.97	CXCL8 IL1B IL6 TNF
12	Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling ⁶⁶	11.93	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
13	IL27-mediated signaling events ⁶¹ Show member pathways IL12 signaling pathway ⁶⁷ Th1 Differentiation ⁶⁵	11.88	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CD4
14	Th17 Differentiation ⁶⁵ Show member pathways IL-21 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types ⁶⁵	11.83	CD4 IL1B IL6 TLR2
15	Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiation ⁶⁵	11.76	TNF IL1B CD4 CCR6
16	Network map of SARS-CoV-2 signaling pathway ⁷⁴ Show member pathways Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 mediated by nsp9-nsp10 complex ⁷⁴	11.74	IL6 CXCL8 CRP CD4
17	Burn wound healing ⁷⁴	11.71	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
18	Extrafollicular B cell activation by SARS-CoV-2 ⁷⁴	11.69	TNF IL6 CRP
19	Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway ⁶⁵	11.69	TNF IL6 IL1B CD4
20	Th17 cell differentiation pathway ⁷⁴	11.67	IL6 IL1B CD4
21	miRNAs involvement in the immune response in sepsis ⁷⁴	11.62	TNF IL6 CXCL8
22	IL 10 signaling pathway ⁶⁷	11.62	TNF IL6 IL1B
23	Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling ⁷⁴ Show member pathways Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation ²²	11.61	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
24	Inflammatory bowel disease signaling ⁷⁴ Show member pathways Ulcerative colitis signaling ⁷⁴	11.59	TNF TLR2 IL6
25	Non-genomic actions of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 ⁷⁴	11.52	CXCL8 IL6 TNF
26	MSP-RON Signaling ⁶⁴	11.49	TNF TLR2 IL1B
27	Interleukin-10 signaling ⁶⁶	11.47	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
28	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis ²²	11.46	TNF IL6 IL1B
29	IL-10 Pathway ⁶⁴	11.34	TNF IL6 IL1B
30	Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family ⁷⁴	11.29	TNF IL6 IL1B
31	Immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer ⁷⁴	11.21	TNF IL6 CXCL8
32	Antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of Nrf2 on SARS-CoV-2 pathway ⁷⁴	11.21	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
33	Cytokines and inflammatory response ⁷⁴	11.17	CD4 IL1B IL6 TNF
34	Prostaglandin signaling ⁷⁴	11.12	TNF IL6 IL1B CXCL8
35	Lung fibrosis ⁷⁴	10.82	TNF MUC5B IL6 IL1B CXCL8
36	COVID-19 adverse outcome pathway ⁷⁴	10.67	IL6 CXCL8
37	Overview of nanoparticle effects ⁷⁴	10.54	TNF IL6 CXCL8 CRP
38	Cells and molecules involved in local acute inflammatory response ⁷⁴ Show member pathways IL8-mediated signaling events ⁶¹	10.33	TNF IL6 CXCL8

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GO Terms for Middle Ear Disease

Cellular components related to Middle Ear Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular region	GO:0005576	10	TNF SERPINA3 PRTN3 MUC5B MUC5AC IL6
2	9+0 motile cilium	GO:0097728	9.56	DNAH5 DNAH11
3	dynein complex	GO:0030286	9.55	DNAI1 DNAH5 DNAH11
4	9+2 motile cilium	GO:0097729	9.1	DNAI1 DNAH5 DNAH11

Biological processes related to Middle Ear Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 20)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	negative regulation of cell population proliferation	GO:0008285	10.31	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B DHRS2 CXCL8
2	inflammatory response	GO:0006954	10.25	TNF TLR2 SERPINA3 IL6 IL1B CXCL8
3	immune response	GO:0006955	10.17	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CXCL8 CD4
4	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	GO:0032755	10.15	IL1B IL6 TLR2 TNF
5	calcium-mediated signaling	GO:0019722	10.13	TNF CXCL8 CD4 CCR6
6	lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0031663	10.06	TNF TLR2 IL1B
7	positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	GO:0032757	10.06	IL1B IL6 TLR2 TNF
8	acute-phase response	GO:0006953	10.05	SERPINA3 IL6 CRP
9	defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	GO:0050830	10.02	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B CRP
10	negative regulation of neurogenesis	GO:0050768	9.99	TNF IL6 IL1B
11	cilium movement	GO:0003341	9.97	DNAH11 DNAH5 DNAI1 RSPH4A
12	positive regulation of glial cell proliferation	GO:0060252	9.95	TNF IL6 IL1B
13	positive regulation of fever generation	GO:0031622	9.89	TNF IL1B
14	epithelial cilium movement involved in extracellular fluid movement	GO:0003351	9.89	DNAI1 DNAH5 DNAH11
15	sequestering of triglyceride	GO:0030730	9.86	TNF IL1B
16	positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity	GO:0060559	9.84	TNF IL1B
17	positive regulation of chemokine production	GO:0032722	9.8	TNF TLR2 IL6 IL1B
18	positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response	GO:0150078	9.63	TNF IL6 IL1B
19	negative regulation of lipid storage	GO:0010888	9.43	TNF IL6 CRP
20	vascular endothelial growth factor production	GO:0010573	9.1	TNF IL6 IL1B

Sources

Sources for Middle Ear Disease

¹ BitterDB

² CDC

³ Cell Signaling Technology

⁴ ClinicalTrials

⁵ ClinVar

⁶ CNVD

⁷ Cochrane Library

⁸ Cosmic

⁹ dbSNP

¹⁰ DGIdb

¹¹ Disease Ontology

¹² diseasecard

¹³ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁴ DISEASES

¹⁵ DrugBank

¹⁶ EFO

¹⁷ ExPASy

¹⁸ FMA

¹⁹ GARD

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ GenomeRNAi

²⁶ GEO DataSets

²⁷ GO

²⁸ GTR

²⁹ HMDB

³⁰ HPO

³¹ ICD10

³² ICD10 via Orphanet

³³ ICD11

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ LifeMap

³⁷ LncRNADisease

³⁸ LOVD

³⁹ MalaCards

⁴⁰ MedGen

⁴¹ MedlinePlus

⁴² MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁸ NCI

⁴⁹ NCIt

⁵⁰ NDF-RT

⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NINDS

⁵³ Novoseek

⁵⁴ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁵ ODiseA

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 08-Dec-2022)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubChem

⁶² PubMed

⁶³ PubMed Health

⁶⁴ QIAGEN

⁶⁵ R&D Systems

⁶⁶ Reactome

⁶⁷ Sino Biological

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ WikiPathways

⁷⁵ Wikipedia

MCID: MDD010 MIFTS: 44	Middle Ear Disease Categories: Ear diseases, Fetal diseases, Rare diseases	Data Licensing For inquiries, contact: [email protected]
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