Neuromyelitis Optica disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: NRM001 MIFTS: 64	Neuromyelitis Optica Categories: Eye diseases, Immune diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases
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Aliases & Classifications for Neuromyelitis Optica

MalaCards integrated aliases for Neuromyelitis Optica:

Name: Neuromyelitis Optica ³⁹ ¹² ⁵⁴ ²⁶ ⁵⁵ ⁶⁰ ³⁸ ⁵⁶ ⁴⁵ ¹⁵ ¹⁷ ⁷⁴

Devic Syndrome ⁷⁷ ⁵⁴ ²⁶

Devic Disease ⁵⁴ ²⁶ ⁶⁰

Devic's Syndrome ¹² ⁵⁵

Devic's Disease ¹² ²⁶

Opticospinal Multiple Sclerosis ⁷⁴

Devic's Neuromyelitis Optica ⁵⁴

Devic Neuromyelitis Optica ²⁶

Nmo Spectrum Disorder ⁵⁴

Optic-Spinal Ms ²⁶

Opticospinal Ms ²⁶

Nmo ⁵⁴

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

⁶⁰

neuromyelitis optica
Inheritance: Multigenic/multifactorial; Prevalence: 1-9/100000 (Europe); Age of onset: All ages; Age of death: any age;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Eye diseases Immune diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³⁴ ³⁵

Diseases of the nervous system

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system

Other acute disseminated demyelination

Neuromyelitis optica [Devic]

Orphanet: ⁶⁰

Rare neurological diseases

Rare eye diseases

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:8869

KEGG ³⁸ H01491

ICD9CM ³⁶ 341.0

MeSH ⁴⁵ D009471

NCIt ⁵¹ C84934

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁹ 25044007

ICD10 ³⁴ G36.0

MESH via Orphanet ⁴⁶ D009471

ICD10 via Orphanet ³⁵ G36.0

UMLS via Orphanet ⁷⁵ C0027873

Orphanet ⁶⁰ ORPHA71211

SNOMED-CT via HPO ⁷⁰ 397974008 398026008 409622000 more

EFO ¹⁷ EFO_0004256

UMLS ⁷⁴ C0027873 C3711850

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Summaries for Neuromyelitis Optica

NINDS : ⁵⁵ Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. It is sometimes also referred to as NMO spectrum disorder. In NMO, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and proteins in the body, most often those in the spinal cord and eyes. Individuals with NMO develop optic neuritis, which causes pain in the eye and vision loss. Individuals also develop transverse myelitis, which causes weakness or paralysis of arms and legs,and numbness, along with loss of bladder and bowel control. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine often shows an abnormality that extends over long segments of the spinal cord. Individuals may also develop episodes of severe nausea and vomiting, with hiccups from involvement of a part of the brain that controls vomiting. The disease is caused by abnormal autoantibodies that bind to a protein called aquaporin-4. Binding of the aquaporin-4 antibody activates other components of the immune system, causing inflammation and damage to these cells. This also results in the brain and spinal cord the loss of myelin, the fatty substance that acts as insulation around nerve fibers and helps nerve signals move from cell to cell. NMO is different from multiple sclerosis (MS). Attacks are usually more severe in NMO than in MS, and NMO is treated differently than MS. Most individuals with NMO experience clusters of attacks days to months or years apart, followed by partial recovery during periods of remission. Women are more often affected by NMO than men. African Americans are at greater risk of the disease than are Caucasians. The onset of NMO varies from childhood to adulthood, with two peaks, one in childhood and the other in adults in their 40s.

MalaCards based summary : Neuromyelitis Optica, also known as devic syndrome, is related to neuritis and optic neuritis. An important gene associated with Neuromyelitis Optica is AQP4 (Aquaporin 4), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Allograft rejection and Th17 cell differentiation. The drugs Mitoxantrone and Prednisone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include Umbilical Cord, brain and spinal cord, and related phenotypes are visual loss and peripheral demyelination

Disease Ontology : ¹² A central nervous system disease characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis) and inflammation of the spinal cord (myelitis).

Genetics Home Reference : ²⁶ Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disorder that affects the nerves of the eyes and the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system malfunctions and attacks the body's own tissues and organs. In neuromyelitis optica, the autoimmune attack causes inflammation of the nerves, and the resulting damage leads to the signs and symptoms of the condition.

NIH Rare Diseases : ⁵⁴ Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disease that affects the spinal cord and optic nerves (nerves that carry visual messages to and from the brain). In neuromyelitis optica, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and a substance called myelin in the spinal cord and eyes. Symptoms may begin in childhood or adulthood. Spinal cord involvement results in transverse myelitis, which may cause pain, paralysis and abnormal sensations in the spine and limbs. Bladder and bowel problems may also develop. Symptoms from optic nerve involvement include eye pain and vision loss from optic neuritis. Other symptoms of neuromyelitis optica may include episodes of nausea, vomiting, and hiccups. Some people have episodes of symptoms months or years apart (the relapsing form), while others have a single episode lasting several months (the monophasic form). In either form, people with neuromyelitis optica often develop permanent muscle weakness and vision loss. The cause of the immune system dysfunction leading to neuromyelitis optica is not known. It usually occurs in only one person in a family. There is no cure, but there are therapies to reduce symptoms during episodes and prevent relapses.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁷ Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), also known as Devic''s disease or Devic''s syndrome, is a heterogeneous... more...

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Related Diseases for Neuromyelitis Optica

Diseases in the Neuromyelitis Optica family:

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Diseases related to Neuromyelitis Optica via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 289)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	neuritis	31.7	AQP4 MBP MOG
2	optic neuritis	31.5	AQP4 HLA-DRB1 MBP MOG
3	encephalitis	31.2	AQP4 GFAP MOG
4	transverse myelitis	31.1	AQP4 IL17A IL6 MBP
5	optic nerve disease	31.0	AQP4 MBP MOG
6	allergic encephalomyelitis	30.8	MBP MOG
7	acute transverse myelitis	30.8	AQP4 IL6
8	multiple sclerosis	30.7	AQP4 GFAP HLA-DRB1 IL17A IL6 MBP
9	demyelinating disease	30.6	AQP4 IL17A MBP MOG
10	myelitis	30.6	AQP4 HLA-DPB1 IL17A IL6 MBP MOG
11	hypersomnia	30.6	HCRT HLA-DRB1
12	narcolepsy	30.5	HCRT HLA-DRB1 MOG
13	peripheral nervous system disease	30.4	AQP4 IL6 MBP MOG
14	panencephalitis, subacute sclerosing	30.4	MBP MOG
15	wernicke encephalopathy	30.4	GFAP SLC1A2
16	acute disseminated encephalomyelitis	30.3	AQP4 HCRT HLA-DRB1 MBP MOG
17	relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis	30.3	AQP4 IL17A MBP MOG
18	radiculopathy	30.3	IL17A IL6
19	internuclear ophthalmoplegia	30.2	AQP4 HCRT MBP MOG
20	systemic lupus erythematosus	30.2	HLA-DPB1 HLA-DRB1 IL17A IL6 TNFSF13B
21	connective tissue disease	30.2	HLA-DPB1 HLA-DRB1 IL6 TNFSF13B
22	autoimmune disease	30.1	HLA-DRB1 IL17A IL6 MBP MOG TNFSF13B
23	takayasu arteritis	30.0	HLA-DPB1 HLA-DRB1 IL6
24	brain injury	29.8	GFAP IL6 MBP S100B
25	primary progressive multiple sclerosis	29.8	HLA-DRB1 MBP MOG S100B
26	neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder	12.8
27	marburg acute multiple sclerosis	11.5
28	sjogren syndrome	10.7
29	lupus erythematosus	10.6
30	myasthenia gravis	10.5
31	myasthenia gravis congenital	10.5
32	neuropathy	10.5
33	encephalopathy	10.4
34	autoimmune disease 1	10.4
35	alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity	10.4
36	adenocarcinoma	10.4
37	depression	10.4
38	alexia	10.4	AQP4 MBP
39	chiari malformation	10.4	GFAP MBP
40	obstructive hydrocephalus	10.4	AQP4 GFAP
41	anca-associated vasculitis	10.3	HLA-DRB1 IL6
42	celiac disease 1	10.3
43	hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	10.3
44	hepatitis	10.3
45	pediatric multiple sclerosis	10.3	HLA-DRB1 MOG
46	rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile	10.3	HLA-DRB1 IL6
47	ascaris lumbricoides infection	10.3	IL6 TNFSF13B
48	pulmonary tuberculosis	10.3
49	dystonia	10.3
50	leber hereditary optic neuropathy	10.3

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Neuromyelitis Optica:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Neuromyelitis Optica

Human phenotypes related to Neuromyelitis Optica:

⁶⁰ ³³ (show all 15)

#	Description	HPO Frequency	Orphanet Frequency	HPO Source Accession
1	visual loss ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0000572
2	peripheral demyelination ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0011096
3	sensory impairment ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0003474
4	optic neuritis ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0100653
5	neuronal loss in central nervous system ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0002529
6	ocular pain ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0200026
7	autoimmune antibody positivity ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0030057
8	paraplegia ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0010550
9	functional abnormality of the bladder ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0000009
10	myelitis ⁶⁰ ³³	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0012486
11	abnormality of brain morphology ⁶⁰ ³³	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0012443
12	recurrent singultus ⁶⁰ ³³	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0100247
13	respiratory failure ⁶⁰ ³³	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002878
14	nausea ⁶⁰ ³³	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002018
15	csf pleocytosis ⁶⁰ ³³	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0012229

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Neuromyelitis Optica:

⁴⁷

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	9.91	AQP1 AQP4 GFAP HCRT IL6 MBP
2	growth/size/body region	MP:0005378	9.81	AQP1 AQP4 GFAP HCRT IL17A IL6
3	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	9.56	AQP1 AQP4 CD59 IL17A IL6 MBP
4	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	9.32	AQP1 AQP4 CD59 GFAP HCRT IL17A

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Neuromyelitis Optica

Drugs for Neuromyelitis Optica (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 86)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Mitoxantrone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

65271-80-9

4212

Prednisone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

53-03-2

5865

Mycophenolic acid

Approved

Phase 4

24280-93-1

446541

Peripheral Nervous System Agents