Placenta Accreta disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: PLC001 MIFTS: 44	Placenta Accreta Categories: Fetal diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs Expand all tables

Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Placenta Accreta

MalaCards integrated aliases for Placenta Accreta:

Name: Placenta Accreta ¹² ⁴⁴ ¹⁵ ¹⁷ ⁷⁰

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Fetal diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:4744

MeSH ⁴⁴ D010921

NCIt ⁵⁰ C26856

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁷ 70129008

ICD10 ³² O43.21

EFO ¹⁷ EFO_0007440

UMLS ⁷⁰ C0032044

Sources

Summaries for Placenta Accreta

Disease Ontology : ¹² A placenta disease that is characterized by an abnormally deep attachment of the placenta, through the endometrium and into the myometrium.

MalaCards based summary : Placenta Accreta is related to placenta praevia and placental abruption. An important gene associated with Placenta Accreta is OXT (Oxytocin/Neurophysin I Prepropeptide), and among its related pathways/superpathways are ERK Signaling and TGF-Beta Pathway. The drugs Progesterone and Oxytocin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include placenta, uterus and heart, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and homeostasis/metabolism

Sources

Related Diseases for Placenta Accreta

Diseases related to Placenta Accreta via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 179)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	placenta praevia	32.6	PGF PAPPA OXT
2	placental abruption	30.5	PGF PAPPA FLT1
3	severe pre-eclampsia	30.4	VEGFA PGF PAPPA
4	adenomyosis	30.4	VEGFA OXT CDH1
5	gestational trophoblastic neoplasm	30.4	PGF PAPPA OXT AFP
6	chorioamnionitis	30.3	VEGFA OXT FLT1
7	arteriovenous malformation	30.2	VEGFA TEK ANGPT2 ANGPT1
8	ectopic pregnancy	30.2	VEGFA PGF PAPPA FLT1 AFP
9	eclampsia	30.2	VEGFA PGF PAPPA OXT FLT1
10	peripartum cardiomyopathy	30.1	VEGFA PGF FLT1
11	placenta disease	30.1	VEGFA PGF PAPPA OXT FLT1 AFP
12	limb ischemia	29.6	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 PGF KDR ANGPT2
13	pre-eclampsia	29.5	VEGFA SERPINE1 PGF PAPPA OXT KDR
14	macular degeneration, age-related, 1	29.4	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
15	pulmonary hypertension	29.2	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 KDR ANGPT1
16	diabetes mellitus	28.4	VEGFA SERPINE1 PGF PAPPA KDR FLT1
17	placental insufficiency	28.3	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 PGF PAPPA KDR
18	disseminated intravascular coagulation	10.5
19	endometritis	10.4
20	asherman's syndrome	10.4
21	triploidy	10.3	PAPPA AFP
22	intermediate malignant teratoma	10.3	PAPPA AFP
23	leiomyoma	10.3
24	amenorrhea	10.3
25	pulmonary embolism	10.3
26	chromosomal triplication	10.3	PAPPA AFP
27	non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma	10.3	TEK AFP
28	pyogenic granuloma	10.3	TEK ANGPT2
29	flying phobia	10.3	OXT AFP
30	toxic shock syndrome	10.3
31	uterine inversion	10.3
32	47,xyy	10.3
33	renal pelvis adenocarcinoma	10.3	CDH1 AFP
34	vaginal adenoma	10.3	PGF OXT
35	vaginal benign neoplasm	10.2	PGF OXT
36	patau syndrome	10.2	PGF PAPPA AFP
37	myoma	10.2
38	choriocarcinoma	10.2
39	microcystic meningioma	10.2	VEGFA FLT1
40	preretinal fibrosis	10.2	VEGFA ANGPT2
41	severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	10.2	VEGFA PGF
42	persistent fetal circulation syndrome	10.2	VEGFA PGF OXT
43	neonatal anemia	10.2	PGF PAPPA FLT1
44	reproductive organ benign neoplasm	10.2	VEGFA OXT AFP
45	glomeruloid hemangioma	10.1	VEGFA FLT1
46	leiomyoma, uterine	10.1
47	hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 1	10.1
48	preterm premature rupture of the membranes	10.1
49	cardiac arrest	10.1
50	thrombosis	10.1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Placenta Accreta:

Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Placenta Accreta

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Placenta Accreta:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	10.33	ANGPT1 ANGPT2 BDKRB2 CDH1 CTSV DOCK4
2	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	10.25	AFP ANGPT1 ANGPT2 BDKRB2 CDH1 CTSV
3	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	10.17	AFP ANGPT1 ANGPT2 BDKRB2 CDH1 CTSV
4	integument	MP:0010771	10.11	ANGPT2 BDKRB2 CDH1 CTSV KDR OXT
5	embryo	MP:0005380	10.09	ANGPT1 CDH1 CTSV FLT1 KDR PGF
6	normal	MP:0002873	9.76	BDKRB2 CDH1 FLT1 KDR PAPPA TDGF1
7	neoplasm	MP:0002006	9.73	AFP CDH1 DOCK4 PGF SERPINE1 VEGFA
8	reproductive system	MP:0005389	9.61	AFP ANGPT2 BDKRB2 CDH1 CTSV FLT1
9	vision/eye	MP:0005391	9.28	ANGPT1 ANGPT2 CTSV FLT1 KDR PGF

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Placenta Accreta

Drugs for Placenta Accreta (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 8)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Progesterone

Approved, Vet_approved

57-83-0

5994

Synonyms:

(S)-4-Pregnene-3,20-dione

(S)-Pregn-4-en-3,20-dione

(S)-Progesterone

.beta.-Progesterone

.delta.(sup4)-Pregnene-3,20-dione

.delta.4-Pregnene-3,20-dione

17.alpha.-Progesterone

17alpha-progesterone

17alpha-Progesterone

17a-Progesterone

17α-progesterone

17Α-progesterone

1dbb

1h60

257630-50-5

3,20-Pregnene-4

32104FB6-BF81-4F6E-83C2-024DEEAEB272

46665_FLUKA

46665_RIEDEL

4-Pregnen-3,20-dione

4-Pregnene-3,20-dione

57-83-0

753497-20-0

8012-32-6

8023-13-0

AC1L1LKF

AC-700

Agolutin

AI3-51682

Akrolutin

Amen

BB_NC-0185

beta-Progesterone

BHR-100

BIDD:ER0547

BIDD:PXR0094

Bio-luton

Bio-Luton

bmse000482

BPBio1_000676

BRD-K64994968-001-03-6

BSPBio_000614

C00410

CCRIS 533

CHEBI:17026

CHEMBL103

CID5994

CIDR

CMC_13406

COL-1620

Colprosterone

component of Cyclogesterin

Corlutin

Corlutina

Corluvite

Corporin

corpus luteum hormone

Corpus luteum hormone

Corpus Luteum Hormone

CPD000058345

Crinone

Crinone (TN)

Crinone progesterone gel

Curretab

Cyclogest

Cyclogesterin

Cycrin

D00066

D4-Pregnene-3,20-dione

DB00396

Delalutin

delta(4)-Pregnene-3,20-dione

Delta(4)-pregnene-3,20-dione

Delta(4)-Pregnene-3,20-dione

delta(sup 4)-Pregnene-3,20-dione

delta(Sup4)-pregnene-3,20-dione

delta4-Pregnene-3,20-dione

DR-2011

Duraprogen

EINECS 200-350-6

Endometrin

Estima

ETI-411

EU-0100895

FE-999913

Flavolutan

Fologenon

Gelbkoerperhormon

Gelbkörperhormon

Gesterol

Gesterol 100

Gesterol 50

Gestiron

Gestone

Gestormone

Gestron

Glanducorpin

Gynlutin

Gynoluton

Gynolutone

HMS1569O16

HMS2051O05

HMS2090J07

Hormoflaveine

Hormoluton

HSDB 3389

Hydroxyprogesterone caproate

Hydroxyprogesterone caproic acid

Lingusorbs

Lipolutin

Lipo-lutin

Lipo-Lutin

LMST02030159

Lopac0_000895

LS-234

Lucorteum

Lucorteum sol

Lucorteum Sol

Lugesteron

Luteal hormone

Luteal Hormone

Luteinique

Luteocrin normale

Luteocrin Normale

Luteodyn

Luteogan

luteohormone

Luteohormone

Luteol

Luteol (VAN)

Luteopur

Luteosan

Luteostab

Luteovis

Luteum

Lutex

Lutidon

Lutin

Lutinus

Lutociclina

Lutocuclin m

Lutocuclin M

Lutocyclin

Lutocyclin m

Lutocyclin M

Lutocylin

Lutocylol

Lutoform

Lutogyl

Lutogynon

Lutren

Lutromone

Membrettes

Methylpregnone

Micronized Progesterone

MLS000028517

MLS000758277

MLS001074187

MLS002222367

MolPort-001-794-643

MPA

Nalutron

Natural Progesterone

NCGC00022185-03

NCGC00022185-04

NCGC00022185-05

NCGC00022185-06

NCGC00022185-07

NCGC00022185-08

NCGC00022185-09

NCGC00090798-01

NCGC00090798-02

nchembio.2007.53-comp14

NCI60_042166

NSC 64377

NSC 9704

NSC64377

NSC9704

NSC-9704

P 0130

P0130_SIGMA

P0478

P3972_SIGMA

P6149_SIGMA

P7556_ALDRICH

P7556_SIGMA

P8783_SIGMA

P9776_SIGMA

Percutacrine

Percutacrine luteinique

Percutacrine Luteinique

Piaponon

Pranone

Pregn-4-en-3,20-dione

Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione

Pregnene-3,20-dione

Pregnenedione

Prestwick_411

Prestwick0_000477

Prestwick1_000477

Prestwick2_000477

Prestwick3_000477

Primolut

Prochieve

Progeffik

Progekan

Progestan

Progestasert

Progesterol

Progesteron

Progesterona

Progesterona [INN-Spanish]

Progesterone

PROGESTERONE

Progestérone

Progesterone (JP15/USP/INN)

Progesterone [INN:BAN:JAN]

Progesterone [Progestins]

Progesterone, (13 alpha,17 alpha)-(+-)-isomer

Progesterone, (17 alpha)-isomer

Progesterone, (9 beta,10 alpha)-isomer

Progesterone, water-soluble

Progesterone: HBC complex

Progesterone-Water Soluble

Progesteronum

Progesteronum [INN-Latin]

Progestin

Progestogel

Progestol

Progeston

Progestone

Progestosol

Progestrel

Progestron

Progestronol

Projestaject

Prolets

Prolidon

Prolutin

Proluton

Prolutone

Prometrium

Prometrium (TN)

Prontogest

Protormone

S00293

S1705_Selleck

SAM001247039

SMR000058345

SMR000653542

SPBio_002553

Spectrum5_002053

SR-01000000088

SR-01000000088-5

Syngesterone

Syngestrets

Synovex S

Syntolutan

Thiuram E

Thiuranide

U 3672

UNII-4G7DS2Q64Y

Utrogest

Utrogestan

Vitarrine

WLN: L E5 B666 OV MUTJ A1 E1 FV1

ZINC04428529

Δ(4)-pregnene-3,20-dione

Oxytocin

Approved, Vet_approved

50-56-6

439302 53477758

Synonyms:

(2S)-1-[(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-19-amino-7-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-10-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-13-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-16-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]-N-[(2S)-1-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

(2S)-2-[({1-[(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-19-amino-13-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentahydroxy-10-[2-(C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)ethyl]-7-[(C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)methyl]-16-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloicosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaene-4-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl}(hydroxy)methylidene)amino]-N-[(C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)methyl]-4-methylpentanimidate

(Arg8)-vasopressin

(Arg8)-vasotocin

1-({(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-19-amino-7-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-10-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-16-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-13-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloicosan-4-yl}carbonyl)-L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide

50-56-6

AC1L9735

alpha-Hypophamine

Argipressin

Argpressin acetate

BCBcMAP01_000094

Biotinyl-(arg8)-vasopressin

C00746

CHEBI:492195

CHEBI:7872

CHEMBL395429

CID439302

Cys-tyr-ile-GLN-asn-cys-pro-arg-gly-NH2

Cys-tyr-ile-GLN-asn-cys-pro-leu-gly-NH2

Cys-tyr-ile-THR-asn-cys-gly-leu-gly-NH2

Cys-tyr-phe-GLN-asn-cys-pro-arg-gly-NH2

Cys-tyr-phe-GLN-asn-cys-pro-lys-gly-NH2

D00089

Disulfide bridge cys1-cys6

Gly-leu-pro-c

HS-2021

L-Cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-glutaminyl-L-asparaginyl-L-cysteinyl-L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide cyclic(1-6)-disulfide

MolPort-003-938-941

NCGC00167132-01

nchembio.184-comp2

O3251_SIGMA

O4375_SIGMA

Ocytocin

Oxitocina

OXT

Oxytocic hormone

Oxytocin

OXYTOCIN

Oxytocin (JP15/USP/INN)

Oxytocin (TN)

Oxytocin 10 usp units in dextrose 5%

Oxytocin 20 usp units in dextrose 5%

Oxytocin 5 usp units in dextrose 5%

Oxytocin acetate

Oxytocin injection

Oxytocine

Oxytocinum

Pitocin

Pitocin (TN)

Syntocinon

Syntocinon (TN)

TI-001

Methylene blue

Approved, Investigational

61-73-4

Synonyms:

aniline violet

Azul de metileno

Basic Blue 9

C.I. basic blue 9

Chlorure de méthylthioninium

Cloruro de metiltioninio

Lowacryl blue 9

Methylene blue

Methylene blue anhydrous

Methylenium ceruleum

methylthionine chloride

Methylthioninii chloridum

methylthioninium chloride

Methylthioninium chloride

methylthioninium chloride Proveblue

Solvent blue 8

Swiss blue

tetrametylthionine chloride

Urolene Blue

Creatine

Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical

57-00-1

586

Synonyms:

((Amino(imino)methyl)(methyl)amino)acetate

((amino(Imino)methyl)(methyl)amino)acetic acid

((Amino(imino)methyl)(methyl)amino)acetic acid

(alpha-Methylguanido)acetate

(alpha-Methylguanido)acetic acid

(a-Methylguanido)acetate

(a-Methylguanido)acetic acid

(N-Methylcarbamimidamido)acetate

(N-methylcarbamimidamido)acetic acid

(N-Methylcarbamimidamido)acetic acid

(Α-methylguanido)acetate

(α-methylguanido)acetic acid

(Α-methylguanido)acetic acid

[[Amino(imino)methyl](methyl)amino]acetate

[[Amino(imino)methyl](methyl)amino]acetic acid

alpha-Methylguanidino acetate

alpha-Methylguanidino acetic acid

a-Methylguanidino acetate

a-Methylguanidino acetic acid

Cosmocair C 100

Creatin

Creatine

Creatine (8CI)

Creatine hydrate

Creatine, hydrate

Kreatin

Krebiozon

Methylglycocyamine

Methylguanidoacetate

Methylguanidoacetic acid

N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine

N-(Aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine

N-(Aminoiminomethyl)-N-methyl-glycine

N-[(e)-AMINO(imino)methyl]-N-methylglycine

N-amidinosarcosine

N-Amidinosarcosine

N-carbamimidoyl-N-methylglycine

N-Carbamimidoyl-N-methylglycine

N-methyl-N-guanylglycine

N-Methyl-N-guanylglycine

Phosphagen

Pyrolysate

Α-methylguanidino acetate

Α-methylguanidino acetic acid

Vasopressins

Arginine Vasopressin

Hormones

Estrogens

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 64)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Perioperative Administration of Tranexamic Acid for Placenta Previa and Accreta Study (TAPPAS): A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Double Blind Trial	Completed	NCT02806024	Phase 4	Tranexamic Acid;Placebo Drug
2	Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum	Recruiting	NCT04609527	Phase 2, Phase 3
3	Tranexamic Acid in Adherent Placenta (TAP), a Randomized Clinical Trial	Withdrawn	NCT02329756	Phase 3	Tranexamic Acid (TXA);Sodium Chloride 0.9%
4	Study of Peripartum Hysterectomy for Maternal Hemorrhage	Completed	NCT01285258	Phase 2
5	is There Any Superior Benefit of Multidisciplinary Team in Management of Placenta Accreta	Unknown status	NCT03372538
6	Antenatal Diagnosis of Placental Attachment Disorders	Unknown status	NCT02442518
7	Diagnostic Accuracy of Doppler Ultrasound and Role of Uterine Artery Doppler in Cases of Placenta Accreta	Unknown status	NCT03530475
8	Incidence of Placenta Accreta & it's Complications in Cases of Previous Cesarean With Placenta Previa Anterior	Unknown status	NCT02606474
9	Comparative Study Between Intraoperative Ureteric Dissection and Preoperative Ureteric Stenting in Women With Abnormally Invasive Placenta	Unknown status	NCT03763916
10	Predictive Value of Cell-free Fetal DNA Concentration in the Maternal Plasma for Abnormal Placental Invasion in Cases of Placenta Previa.	Unknown status	NCT03638024
11	Comparison Between the Role of Transabdominal Ultrasound Versus Transvaginal Ultrasound in Evaluation of Placental Invasion in Cases of Placenta Previa Anterior Wall With Previous Uterine Scar	Unknown status	NCT03437291
12	Preplacental Delivery Intervention for Uterine Conservation Protocol: a Novel Approach for Management of Placenta Accreta	Unknown status	NCT03273569
13	Bilateral Internal Iliac Artery Ligation Before Cesarean Hysterectomy : A Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT03129035
14	Reducing Blood Loss During Cesarean Hysterectomy for Placenta Accreta Spectrum With Intravenous Versus Topical Tranexamic Acid: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT03570710		intravenous tranexamic acid;Topical tranexamic acid;Normal saline
15	Cell-free Fetal DNA Circulating in the Maternal Plasma as a Marker for Morbidly Adherent Placenta in a High Risk Population	Unknown status	NCT02784886
16	Fertility Post Preservative Cesarean Section and Uterine Artery Embolization	Completed	NCT02821702
17	Tourniquet on the Low Segment of the Uterus Reduces Blood Loss in Postpartum Hemorrhage During Hysterectomy for Placenta Accreta: Old But Gold	Completed	NCT03707132
18	Optimierung Der Uterotomie-Wundheilung Nach Re-Sectio Caesarea	Completed	NCT02703519
19	Placenta Accreta : Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Analysis in High Risk Population	Completed	NCT02302573		contast-enhanced ultrasound with sonovue
20	Accuracy of Placenta Accreta Index in Diagnosing Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Prospective Study	Completed	NCT04314791
21	New Surgical Technique To Control Postpartum Hemorrhage Due To Placenta Accreta	Completed	NCT03241849
22	Early Prediction of Placenta Accreta by 2 Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound and Color Doppler	Completed	NCT03032770
23	Conservative Surgical Novel Technique of Placenta Accreta in Menoufia University Hospital	Completed	NCT04161521
24	Placenta Accreta; A Vision for Conservative Surgery	Completed	NCT04427592
25	Risk Factors for Occurrence of Placenta Accrete Spectrum Following Primary Cesarean Delivery	Completed	NCT04264169
26	TUI 3D in Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta: Comparison With Gray-scale and Color Doppler Techniques	Completed	NCT02712099
27	Surgical Management of Placenta Accreta a Three Year Experience at King Hussein Medical Center	Completed	NCT03668795
28	Clinical Situations at High Risk of Placenta Accreta / Percreta: Impact of Diagnostic Methods and Management on Maternal Morbidity.	Completed	NCT02010229
29	Obstetric Hysterectomy Versus Conservative Surgery for Management of Patients With Morbidly Adherent Placenta as Regard Maternal Morbidity and Mortality	Completed	NCT03327818
30	Balloon Catheter for Occlusion of the Pelvic Vasculature as an Adjuvant Therapy in Cases of Placenta Accreta	Completed	NCT01373255
31	Evaluation of the Efficacy of Transverse B-Lynch in Management of Placenta Accreta	Completed	NCT02943421
32	Internal Iliac Artery Ligation and Abnormally Invasive Placenta	Completed	NCT02728232
33	Long Term Comparison of Double Layer Continuously Locked Closure of Uterine Incision in Cesarean Section Versus Double Layer Purse String Closure (Turan Technique): A Prospective Randomized Study	Completed	NCT01289262
34	The Effectiveness of Double Incision Technique in Uterus Preserving Surgery for Placenta Percreta	Completed	NCT02702024
35	the Efficacy of Prophylactic Internal Iliac Artery Balloon Catheterization in the Management of Placenta Previa and Accreta	Completed	NCT02966197
36	The Use of Thoracic Fluid Content as a Guide for 6% HES Infusion During Hypervolemic Hemodilution in Patients With Placenta Accreta. A Randomized Controlled Trial.	Recruiting	NCT04689516
37	The Efficacy of Ultrasound in Predicting Operative Findings and Co-morbidities in Cesarean Section Among Cases of Placenta Accreta	Recruiting	NCT03286998
38	Conservative Surgery for Abnormally Invasive Placenta: A New Technique	Recruiting	NCT04193618
39	MRI for the Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta Spectrum	Recruiting	NCT04151979
40	Gray-scale , Colour Doppler Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta	Recruiting	NCT03813212
41	The Role of Galectin-3 in the Pathogenesis and Prediction of Placenta Accreta	Recruiting	NCT04573452
42	Detection of Placenta Accreta by Means of Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Women Breath. A Prospective Case Control Study.	Recruiting	NCT03947047
43	Comparison of Continuous Non-Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure to Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement in Pregnant Women With Placenta Accreta	Recruiting	NCT04671680
44	Cervico-Isthmic Compression Suture Versus Anterior Wall Uterine Resection in Cases of Morbidly Adherent Anterior Situated Placenta	Recruiting	NCT04579172
45	Plasma Concentration of Biological Markers in Placenta Spectrum	Recruiting	NCT04525534
46	The Implication of Placental Netrin-1 Receptor DCC in the Pathophysiology of Placenta Accreta	Recruiting	NCT04683562
47	Placenta Accreta Spectrum International Database (PAS-ID): Project Protocol	Recruiting	NCT04384510
48	Validity of Internal Iliac Artery Ligation With Cervico Isthmic Compression Suture During Conservative Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum	Recruiting	NCT04593303
49	Creatine Kinase Versus 3D Doppler for Antenatal Diagnosis of Morbidly Adherent Placenta	Recruiting	NCT03224780
50	Comparison of N&H Sandwich Technique and Cesarean Hysterectomy in Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Recruiting	NCT03701386

Search NIH Clinical Center for Placenta Accreta

Cochrane evidence based reviews: placenta accreta

Sources

Genetic Tests for Placenta Accreta

Sources

Anatomical Context for Placenta Accreta

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Placenta Accreta:

⁴⁰

Placenta, Uterus, Heart, Thyroid, Cervix, Endothelial, Whole Blood

Sources

Publications for Placenta Accreta

Articles related to Placenta Accreta:

(show top 50) (show all 1839)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Comment on "The effectiveness of prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the treatment of patients with pernicious placenta previa coexisting with placenta accreta". ⁶¹	Liu J...Han X	31315487	2021
2	Efficacy of targeted screening and proactive management for placenta accreta spectrum disorder in routine clinical settings. ⁶¹	Lo TK...Cheng LF	33326611	2021
3	Persistent hypoxia induced autophagy leading to invasiveness of trophoblasts in placenta accreta. ⁶¹	Chen Y...Liu H	31269830	2021
4	What we know about placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). ⁶¹	Liu X...Qi H	33601317	2021
5	Obstetrical outcome after B-Lynch sutures and ligation of uterine arteries: A case report. ⁶¹	Vanwinkel S...Van den Bosch T	33777709	2021
6	Previous preterm cesarean delivery and risk of uterine rupture in subsequent trial of labor-a national cohort study. ⁶¹	Mantel A...Stephansson O	33002499	2021
7	Caesarean hysterectomy in a patient with placenta accreta spectrum disorders. ⁶¹	Tjokroprawiro BA	33731394	2021
8	Developing a database for multicenter evaluation of placenta accreta spectrum. ⁶¹	Braun T...International Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS)	33811336	2021
9	When a rare condition creates a scientific society: The history of the International Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS). ⁶¹	Chantraine F...IS-PAS group	33811334	2021
10	Do all patients with placenta accreta spectrum require endovascular balloons? ⁶¹	Nieto-Calvache AJ...Vergara-Galliadi LM	33785464	2021
11	Management of pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum utilizing a multidisciplinary care team in a rural state. ⁶¹	Sandlin AT...Ounpraseuth ST	33769169	2021
12	Placenta accreta spectrum-a catastrophic situation in obstetrics. ⁶¹	Pegu B...Subbaiah M	33757280	2021
13	Placenta Accreta Spectrum 2021: Roundtable Discussion. ⁶¹	Lee W...Shrivastava VK	33788320	2021
14	Association of peripartum management and high maternal blood loss at cesarean delivery for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS): A multinational database study. ⁶¹	Schwickert A...International Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS)	33524163	2021
15	The clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging as an adjunct to ultrasound in the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders. ⁶¹	Rekawek P...Wagner B	33771092	2021
16	Total vs. supracervical hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum disorders. ⁶¹	Matsubara S...Takahashi H	33749489	2021
17	Open versus endovascular REBOA control of blood loss during cesarean delivery in the placenta accreta spectrum: A single-center retrospective case control study. ⁶¹	Riazanova OV...Ioscovich A	33388487	2021
18	Postpartum unscarred uterine rupture caused by placenta accreta: A case report and literature review. ⁶¹	Okaniwa J...Iwase A	33768894	2021
19	The "rail sign": An ultrasound finding in placenta accreta spectrum indicating deep villous invasion and adverse outcomes. ⁶¹	Shih JC...Huang KY	33744177	2021
20	Placenta accreta spectrum disorder: updates on anesthetic and surgical management strategies. ⁶¹	Einerson BD...Weiniger CF	33784573	2021
21	Maternal and neonatal outcomes in planned versus emergency cesarean delivery for placenta accreta spectrum: A multinational database study. ⁶¹	Morlando M...International Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS)	33713033	2021
22	Performance of antenatal imaging to predict placenta accreta spectrum degree of severity. ⁶¹	Morel O...International Society for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS)	33811333	2021
23	The modified radical peri-partum caesarean hysterectomy (Soleymani-Alazzam-Collins (SAC) technique): a systematic, safe procedure for the management of severe placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). ⁶¹	Soleymani Majd H...Alazzam M	33716074	2021
24	Transvaginal Color Mapping Ultrasound in the First Trimester Predicts Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Retrospective Cohort Study. ⁶¹	Yule CS...Twickler DM	33724510	2021
25	An analysis of maternal-fetal prognosis in patients with placenta accreta. ⁶¹	Ma Y...Chen Y	31122093	2021
26	Validation of a scoring system for prediction of obstetric complications in placenta accreta spectrum disorders. ⁶¹	Zheng W...Yang H	33685330	2021
27	The effect prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in patients with placenta previa or placental accreta spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ⁶¹	Nankali A...Hosseinian-Far M	33663536	2021
28	Analysis of clinical features of 231 cases with pernicious placenta previa: A retrospective cohort study. ⁶¹	Li P...Li D	33725977	2021
29	Criteria for placenta accreta spectrum in the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics classification, and topographic invasion area are associated with massive hemorrhage in patients with placenta previa. ⁶¹	Ishibashi H...Takano M	33715171	2021
30	The relation between maternal obesity and placenta accreta spectrum: A multinational database study. ⁶¹	Vieira MC...International Society for Placenta accreta spectrum (IS-PAS)	33811335	2021
31	A rare case of extensive placenta accreta in twin pregnancy after GnRH agonist treatment of adenomyosis. ⁶¹	Agrawala S...Woodard TL	33658071	2021
32	Unexpected placenta accreta spectrum after the use of assisted reproductive technology in women with adenomyomectomy. ⁶¹	Jin T...Nomura Y	33731511	2021
33	Quality of life and sexual function after a pregnancy complicated by placenta accreta spectrum. ⁶¹	Bartels HC...Brennan DJ	33763885	2021
34	[Pregnancy after the first uterine fribrom embolization procedures in sub-saharian Africa in Côte d'Ivoire]. ⁶¹	Estelle AO...Paulette Y	33677123	2021
35	Midgestational pre-labor spontaneous uterine rupture: a systematic review. ⁶¹	Sharon N...Melcer Y	33691570	2021
36	Association between Number of Prior Cesareans and Early Preterm Delivery in Women with Abnormal Placentation. ⁶¹	Oben A...Tita AT	32992353	2021
37	First trimester serum PAPP-A is associated with placenta accreta: a retrospective study. ⁶¹	Wang F...Man D	33515274	2021
38	A multicenter observational survey of management strategies in 442 pregnancies with suspected placenta accreta spectrum. ⁶¹	van Beekhuizen HJ...International Society of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (IS-PAS) group	33483943	2021
39	[Postpartum hemorrhage and need of blood transfusions]. ⁶¹	Thurn L...Hellgren-Wangdahl M	33720382	2021
40	Clusterin and Its Potential Regulatory microRNAs as a Part of Secretome for the Diagnosis of Abnormally Invasive Placenta: Accreta, Increta, and Percreta Cases. ⁶¹	Timofeeva AV...Sukhikh GT	33805203	2021
41	Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging analysis for diagnosis of placenta accrete spectrum disorders: A pilot feasibility study. ⁶¹	Leon RL...Territo PR	33766730	2021
42	Outcome of cesarean scar pregnancy according to gestational age at diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ⁶¹	Timor-Tritsch I...D'Antonio F	33421811	2021
43	Extreme enhanced myometrial vascularity following cesarean scar pregnancy: a new diagnostic entity. ⁶¹	Timor-Tritsch IE...D'Antonio F	33730990	2021
44	Factors Associated with Failure of Bakri Balloon Tamponade for the Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage. Case Series Study and Systematic Review. ⁶¹	Ruiz Labarta FJ...De Leon-Luis JA	33800388	2021
45	Management of major obstetric hemorrhage prior to peripartum hysterectomy and outcomes across nine European countries. ⁶¹	Kallianidis AF...INOSS (the International Network of Obstetric Survey Systems)	33719032	2021
46	Clinical Significance of Velamentous Cord Insertion Prenatally Diagnosed in Twin Pregnancy. ⁶¹	Lee HM...Chung JH	33546368	2021
47	Maternal age at first cesarean delivery related to adverse pregnancy outcomes in a second cesarean delivery: a multicenter, historical, cross-sectional cohort study. ⁶¹	Bi S...Chen D	33579220	2021
48	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations during pregnancy in all three trimesters: A case series. ⁶¹	Askary E...Najib FS	33718763	2021
49	Obstetric outcomes for twins from different conception methods - A multicenter cross-sectional study from China. ⁶¹	Jiang F...Yang J	33556189	2021
50	Evaluation of the Tramline Sign in the Prediction of Placenta Accreta Spectrum and Perioperative Outcomes in Anterior Placenta Previa. ⁶¹	Dall'Asta A...Lees C	33556967	2021

Sources

Genes for Placenta Accreta

Genes related to Placenta Accreta (0 elite genes):

(show all 19)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	OXT	Oxytocin/Neurophysin I Prepropeptide	Protein Coding	14.31	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	PAPPA	Pappalysin 1	Protein Coding	13.41	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	INSL4	Insulin Like 4	Protein Coding	12.95	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	AFP	Alpha Fetoprotein	Protein Coding	12.46	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	PGF	Placental Growth Factor	Protein Coding	12.17	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	BDKRB2	Bradykinin Receptor B2	Protein Coding	11.92	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	MIR518B	MicroRNA 518b	RNA Gene	11.91	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	TEK	TEK Receptor Tyrosine Kinase	Protein Coding	11.87	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
9	CDH1	Cadherin 1	Protein Coding	11.63	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	VEGFA	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	Protein Coding	11.46	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
11	ANGPT2	Angiopoietin 2	Protein Coding	11.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
12	SERPINE1	Serpin Family E Member 1	Protein Coding	11.32	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
13	FLT1	Fms Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 1	Protein Coding	11.17	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
14	DOCK4	Dedicator Of Cytokinesis 4	Protein Coding	11.13	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
15	RXFP1	Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 1	Protein Coding	11.05	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
16	CTSV	Cathepsin V	Protein Coding	10.93	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
17	ANGPT1	Angiopoietin 1	Protein Coding	10.79	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
18	TDGF1	Teratocarcinoma-Derived Growth Factor 1	Protein Coding	10.79	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
19	KDR	Kinase Insert Domain Receptor	Protein Coding	10.69	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

Sources

Variations for Placenta Accreta

Sources

Expression for Placenta Accreta

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Placenta Accreta.

Sources

Pathways for Placenta Accreta

Pathways related to Placenta Accreta according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 25)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	ERK Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways ILK Signaling ⁶³ MAPK Signaling ⁶³ Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer ⁶³ Rho Family GTPases ⁶³	13.72	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1
2	TGF-Beta Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways JAK-STAT Pathway ⁶³ JNK Pathway ⁶³ MAPK Family Pathway ⁶³ Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K ⁶³ SOCS Pathway ⁶³	13.46	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1
3	Akt Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways p38 Signaling ⁶³ Tec Kinases Signaling ⁶³	13.3	TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
4	PAK Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C ⁶³ Epithelial Adherens Junctions ⁶³	13.21	TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1 CDH1
5	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency ⁶³ Show member pathways 14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling ⁶³ eNOS Signaling ⁶³ GSK3 Signaling ⁶³	13.15	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1
6	PI3K-Akt signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways Human papillomavirus infection ³⁶	12.86	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
7	MAPK signaling pathway ³⁶ ¹	12.67	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
8	G-protein signaling RAC1 in cellular process ²³ Show member pathways CDC42 signaling events ¹ Cytoskeleton remodeling CDC42 in cellular processes ²³ RAC1 signaling pathway ¹	12.32	TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1 CDH1
9	VEGF Pathway (Qiagen) ⁶³ Show member pathways CCKBR-Gastrin Stimulated Signaling ⁶³ Development VEGF-family signaling ²³ Neurophilin interactions with VEGF and VEGFR ⁶⁵ VEGF Family Ligands and Receptor Interactions ⁶³	12.29	VEGFA PGF KDR FLT1
10	Calcium signaling pathway ³⁶	12.29	VEGFA KDR FLT1 BDKRB2
11	VEGF Signaling ⁶⁶ Show member pathways EGFR Signaling Pathway ⁶⁶ VEGF Signaling Pathway ⁶⁰	12.25	VEGFA KDR FLT1 CDH1
12	Ras signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways Rap1 signaling pathway ³⁶	12.25	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR FLT1 DOCK4
13	Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors ⁴	12.05	TEK KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
14	S1P3 pathway ¹ Show member pathways S1P1 pathway ¹ S1P2 pathway ¹ S1P4 pathway ¹ S1P5 pathway ¹ Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) pathway ¹	11.86	VEGFA KDR FLT1
15	Rheumatoid arthritis ³⁶	11.79	VEGFA TEK FLT1 ANGPT1
16	Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 ¹ Show member pathways VEGFR1 specific signals ¹	11.78	VEGFA PGF KDR FLT1
17	Angiogenesis (CST) ⁴	11.72	TEK TDGF1 KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
18	HIF-1 signaling pathway ³⁶	11.67	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 FLT1 ANGPT2 ANGPT1
19	Vemurafenib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰	11.39	VEGFA KDR FLT1
20	Photodynamic therapy-induced HIF-1 survival signaling ¹	11.3	VEGFA SERPINE1 ANGPT2 ANGPT1
21	HIF-2-alpha transcription factor network ¹	11.24	VEGFA SERPINE1 KDR FLT1
22	Glypican 1 network ¹	11.15	VEGFA TDGF1 FLT1
23	G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway ²³	10.83	TEK TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1 CDH1
24	VEGF binds to VEGFR leading to receptor dimerization ⁶⁵ Show member pathways VEGF ligand-receptor interactions ⁶⁵	10.76	VEGFA PGF KDR FLT1
25	Angiogenesis (WikiPathways) ¹	10.4	VEGFA TEK KDR FLT1 ANGPT1

Sources

GO Terms for Placenta Accreta

Cellular components related to Placenta Accreta according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.73	VEGFA TDGF1 SERPINE1 PGF PAPPA OXT
2	membrane raft	GO:0045121	9.56	TEK TDGF1 KDR ANGPT1
3	secretory granule	GO:0030141	9.5	VEGFA OXT CTSV
4	extracellular region	GO:0005576	9.5	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 SERPINE1 PGF PAPPA
5	microvillus	GO:0005902	9.33	TEK CTSV ANGPT1

Biological processes related to Placenta Accreta according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 38)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	signal transduction	GO:0007165	10.24	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 RXFP1 PGF OXT
2	multicellular organism development	GO:0007275	10.17	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR FLT1 ANGPT2
3	cell differentiation	GO:0030154	10.13	VEGFA TDGF1 RXFP1 PGF KDR FLT1
4	positive regulation of cell proliferation	GO:0008284	10.07	VEGFA TDGF1 PGF KDR FLT1
5	negative regulation of apoptotic process	GO:0043066	10.06	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 KDR ANGPT1
6	extracellular matrix organization	GO:0030198	9.96	SERPINE1 RXFP1 KDR CDH1
7	positive regulation of cell migration	GO:0030335	9.96	VEGFA TDGF1 KDR FLT1
8	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	GO:0070374	9.94	VEGFA TEK KDR ANGPT1
9	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	GO:0001934	9.93	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR ANGPT1
10	response to hypoxia	GO:0001666	9.92	VEGFA TEK PGF ANGPT2
11	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway	GO:0007169	9.88	TEK KDR FLT1 BDKRB2 ANGPT1
12	positive regulation of MAPK cascade	GO:0043410	9.87	VEGFA TEK KDR FLT1
13	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	GO:0050731	9.85	VEGFA TDGF1 ANGPT1
14	positive regulation of kinase activity	GO:0033674	9.82	TEK KDR FLT1
15	response to glucocorticoid	GO:0051384	9.81	PAPPA OXT CTSV
16	positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	GO:0001938	9.81	VEGFA TEK PGF KDR
17	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GO:0048010	9.8	VEGFA PGF KDR FLT1
18	positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling	GO:0014068	9.8	VEGFA TEK KDR FLT1 ANGPT1
19	positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	GO:0043536	9.79	VEGFA KDR ANGPT1
20	positive chemotaxis	GO:0050918	9.76	VEGFA PGF ANGPT1
21	negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	GO:2000352	9.76	TEK SERPINE1 KDR ANGPT1
22	cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus	GO:0035924	9.75	VEGFA KDR FLT1
23	positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	GO:0051894	9.73	VEGFA TEK KDR
24	sprouting angiogenesis	GO:0002040	9.73	VEGFA TEK PGF ANGPT1
25	cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	GO:0002042	9.72	VEGFA TDGF1 KDR
26	induction of positive chemotaxis	GO:0050930	9.68	VEGFA PGF
27	positive regulation of positive chemotaxis	GO:0050927	9.66	VEGFA KDR
28	regulation of vascular permeability	GO:0043114	9.65	TEK BDKRB2
29	positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	GO:0010595	9.65	VEGFA TEK TDGF1 KDR ANGPT1
30	vascular wound healing	GO:0061042	9.64	VEGFA KDR
31	positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis	GO:0060754	9.62	VEGFA PGF
32	positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GO:0038033	9.61	VEGFA KDR
33	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling pathway	GO:0036324	9.6	VEGFA KDR
34	glomerulus vasculature development	GO:0072012	9.54	TEK ANGPT2 ANGPT1
35	Tie signaling pathway	GO:0048014	9.5	TEK ANGPT2 ANGPT1
36	positive regulation of angiogenesis	GO:0045766	9.5	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 PGF KDR FLT1
37	vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	GO:0038084	9.46	VEGFA PGF KDR FLT1
38	angiogenesis	GO:0001525	9.23	VEGFA TEK SERPINE1 PGF KDR FLT1

Molecular functions related to Placenta Accreta according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	receptor tyrosine kinase binding	GO:0030971	9.5	DOCK4 ANGPT2 ANGPT1
2	vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity	GO:0005021	9.37	KDR FLT1
3	signaling receptor binding	GO:0005102	9.35	TDGF1 SERPINE1 INSL4 ANGPT2 ANGPT1
4	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity	GO:0004714	9.33	TEK KDR FLT1
5	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	GO:0005172	9.26	VEGFA PGF
6	growth factor binding	GO:0019838	8.8	TEK KDR FLT1

Sources

Sources for Placenta Accreta

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GARD

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ Tocris

⁷⁰ UMLS

⁷¹ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷² UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷³ Wikipedia