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MCID: RTN002
MIFTS: 33

Retinal Perforation

Categories: Eye diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Retinal Perforation

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Retinal Perforation:

Name: Retinal Perforation 12 15
Retinal Perforations 44 72
Retinal Dialysis 12
Retinal Break 12
Retinal Tear 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Eye diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:12514
MeSH 44 D012167
NCIt 50 C50732
SNOMED-CT 68 40024006 95690009
ICD10 33 H33.3
UMLS 72 C0035321
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Summaries for Retinal Perforation

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MalaCards based summary : Retinal Perforation, also known as retinal perforations, is related to stickler syndrome and brittle bone disorder. An important gene associated with Retinal Perforation is ESCO2 (Establishment Of Sister Chromatid Cohesion N-Acetyltransferase 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Collagen chain trimerization and Degradation of the extracellular matrix. The drugs Lutein and Fibrinolysin have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include eye, retina and endothelial.

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Related Diseases for Retinal Perforation

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Diseases related to Retinal Perforation via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 108)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 stickler syndrome 30.1 COL2A1 COL11A2
2 brittle bone disorder 29.4 COL2A1 P3H1
3 vitreous detachment 10.5
4 macular holes 10.5
5 stickler syndrome, type i, nonsyndromic ocular 10.4
6 vitreoretinopathy 10.4
7 vitreoretinopathy, neovascular inflammatory 10.4
8 microvascular complications of diabetes 5 10.2
9 rare isolated myopia 10.2 SCO2 COL2A1
10 microvascular complications of diabetes 1 10.2
11 microvascular complications of diabetes 2 10.2
12 cataract 10.2
13 chorioretinitis 10.1
14 otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive 10.1 COL2A1 COL11A2
15 otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia 10.1 COL2A1 COL11A2
16 retinal vein occlusion 10.1
17 retinal degeneration 10.1
18 otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, autosomal dominant 10.1 COL2A1 COL11A2
19 corneal edema 10.0
20 panuveitis 10.0
21 dermatitis, atopic 10.0
22 uveitis 10.0
23 dermatitis 10.0
24 macular retinal edema 10.0
25 refractive error 10.0
26 spinal stenosis 10.0 COL2A1 COL11A2
27 retinitis pigmentosa 9.9
28 cytomegalovirus retinitis 9.9
29 melanoma 9.9
30 keratopathy 9.9
31 toxoplasmosis 9.9
32 coloboma of macula 9.9
33 macular degeneration, age-related, 1 9.9
34 chorioretinal scar 9.9
35 retinal detachment 9.9
36 bone development disease 9.9 P3H1 COL2A1
37 aniridia 1 9.8
38 stickler syndrome, type i 9.8
39 marfan syndrome 9.8
40 retinoblastoma 9.8
41 split-hand/foot malformation 1 9.8
42 thrombophilia due to thrombin defect 9.8
43 multinucleated neurons, anhydramnios, renal dysplasia, cerebellar hypoplasia, and hydranencephaly 9.8
44 incontinentia pigmenti 9.8
45 retinitis pigmentosa-deafness syndrome 9.8
46 stuve-wiedemann syndrome 9.8
47 branchiootic syndrome 1 9.8
48 astigmatism 9.8
49 myopia 10 9.8
50 diabetes mellitus, ketosis-prone 9.8

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Retinal Perforation:



Diseases related to Retinal Perforation
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Retinal Perforation

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Retinal Perforation

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Drugs for Retinal Perforation (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 69)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Lutein Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Phase 3 127-40-2 6433159
2
Fibrinolysin Investigational Phase 3 9004-09-5
3 Fibrinolytic Agents Phase 3
4
Ranibizumab Approved Phase 2 347396-82-1 459903
5 Angiogenesis Inhibitors Phase 2
6 Angiogenesis Modulating Agents Phase 2
7 Mitogens Phase 2
8 Ophthalmic Solutions Phase 2
9 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 2
10
Ursodeoxycholic acid Approved, Investigational Phase 1 128-13-2 31401
11 Gastrointestinal Agents Phase 1
12 Cholagogues and Choleretics Phase 1
13
Bevacizumab Approved, Investigational 216974-75-3
14
Temazepam Approved, Investigational 846-50-4 5391
15
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved 302-25-0
16
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved 2921-57-5
17
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved 83-43-2 6741
18
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved 50-24-8 5755
19
Timolol Approved 26839-75-8 33624 5478
20
Dorzolamide Approved 120279-96-1 3154 5284549
21
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved 124-94-7 31307
22
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved 9004-61-9 53477741
23
Dipivefrin Approved 52365-63-6 3105
24
tannic acid Approved 1401-55-4
25
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational 94-09-7, 1994-09-7 2337
26
Vitamin A Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved 22737-96-8, 11103-57-4, 68-26-8 9904001 445354
27
Prednisolone hemisuccinate Experimental 2920-86-7
28
Diminazene Experimental 536-71-0
29 Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
30 Neurotransmitter Agents
31 Tranquilizing Agents
32 Anti-Anxiety Agents
33 GABA Agents
34 Central Nervous System Depressants
35 Hypnotics and Sedatives
36 GABA Modulators
37 Psychotropic Drugs
38 Antiemetics
39 Anti-Inflammatory Agents
40 Neuroprotective Agents
41 Hormones
42 glucocorticoids
43 Methylprednisolone Acetate
44 Peripheral Nervous System Agents
45 Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
46 Protective Agents
47 Hormone Antagonists
48 Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
49 Prednisolone acetate
50 Autonomic Agents

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 107)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 A Randomized, Double-masked, Multicenter, Controlled Study of Effects of Internal Membrane Peeling Surgery in Patients With Idiopathic Macular Hole Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography. Unknown status NCT02905409 Phase 4
2 A Randomized, Comparative, Prospective Study of Anatomical Outcomes With Different Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Area in Surgery for Idiopathic Macular Hole Completed NCT02930369 Phase 4
3 Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Aflibercept Injections for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema in Subjects Who Completed the Three Year VISTA-DME Trial (The Endurance 1 Trial) Completed NCT02297204 Phase 4 aflibercept 2.0 mg
4 A Randomized Study Comparing Brilliant Blue and Indocyanine Green as Intravitreal Dye in Macular Pucker and Macular Hole Unknown status NCT01083004 Phase 3
5 Safety and Efficacy of Double Staining With Brilliant Blue G for Macular Surgery Unknown status NCT01820520 Phase 3 brilliant blue G
6 A Randomized, Sham-controlled, Double-masked, Multicenter Study Evaluating Ocriplasmin Treatment for Symptomatic Vitreomacular Adhesion Including Macular Hole Completed NCT01429441 Phase 3 Ocriplasmin
7 A Descriptive Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of the Dye Compound of the Combination of Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Brilliant Blue in Chromovitrectomy Completed NCT01627977 Phase 3
8 Comparison of Air and Expansile Gas in Pneumatic Retinopexy Completed NCT00120445 Phase 3
9 Analysis of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor for Ocular Growth Factors, Cytokines, Chemokines, and Ranibizumab Pharmacokinetics Associated With Various Retinal Disease Unknown status NCT02067013 Phase 2 Ranibizumab
10 Intravitreal Decorin Preventing Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy in Perforating Injuries: a Pilot Study. Completed NCT02865031 Phase 1, Phase 2 Decorin
11 Single-Arm Study Assessing the Effects of Pneumatic Vitreolysis on Macular Hole Recruiting NCT03677869 Phase 2
12 A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo Controlled, Parallel Group, Multi-Center, Dose-Ranging Study of Denufosol Tetrasodium (INS37217) Intravitreal Injection in Subjects With Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Terminated NCT00083967 Phase 2 denufosol tetrasodium (INS37217) Intravitreal Injection
13 Phase 2 Study of OT-551 Ophthalmic Solution to Prevent or Delay Progression of Nuclear Cataract Formation In Post-Vitrectomy Patients Terminated NCT00333060 Phase 2 OT-551 ophthalmic solution
14 Partial Posterior Hyaloidectomy in Macular Surgery : A Modified Procedure of Vitrectomy to Prevent Retinal Break Related to Induction of a Posterior Vitreous Detachment Completed NCT01454466 Phase 1
15 Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) as Adjuvant Treatment for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: a Phase I Pilot Study Completed NCT02841306 Phase 1 Ursodeoxycholic Acid
16 Early Vitrectomy for Impending Macular Hole. Multicenter Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT01121965
17 Comparison of Postoperative Aqueous Flare After 20G Versus 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy Unknown status NCT01969929
18 Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss After Pneumatic Retinopexy for the Repair of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Unknown status NCT02185469 sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
19 Short Term Postoperative Tamponade Using Perfluorocarbon Liquid for Giant Retinal Tears Unknown status NCT01604616
20 The Intravitreal Autologous Platelet Concentrate Injection as an Adjunct of Vitrectomy for the Treatment of Refractory Macular Holes Unknown status NCT02081170
21 Macular Hole Surgery With and Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Unknown status NCT01687829
22 Surgical Inverted ILM Repositioning as Autologous Dressing for Idiopathic Full Thickness Macular Holes Treatment Unknown status NCT01228188
23 Effect of Intravitreal Bevacizumab on Early Post-Vitrectomy Hemorrhage in Diabetic Patients Unknown status NCT00524875 Bevacizumab
24 Evaluation Use Optical Coherence Tomography - Rescan During Dissection of Macular Membranes : Pre and Post Operative Aspects Unknown status NCT02748421
25 Topical Use of Corticosteroid to Prevent Epiretinal Membrane Formation in Eyes With Retinal Tear Undergoing Laser Retinopexy: a Pilot Prospective Clinical Study Completed NCT02412059 Prednisolone acetate
26 Comparison of Vitrectomy Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Versus Inverted ILM Flap Technique for Macular Hole Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic Eyes Completed NCT04011007
27 Impact of C3F8 or SF6 Use and Length of Face-down Positioning (7 vs 14 Days Respectively) in Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT02073266
28 Outcome of Surgery for Idiopathic Macular Holes Completed NCT02895594
29 The Eye Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Completed NCT02584062
30 Asymmetrical Recovery of Cone Outer Segment Tips and Foveal Displacement After Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT01959776
31 Membranepeeling With Brillant Blue Versus Membranepeeling With Indocyanine Green for Patients With Idiopathic Macular Holes. Completed NCT00757471
32 Long-term Anatomical and Functional Outcomes of Idiopathic Macular Hole Surgery. The Yield of Spectral-domain OCT Combined With Microperimetry. Completed NCT01757600
33 Observational Study On Retinal Structure And Function Before And After Epimacular Membrane Peeling Completed NCT01083056
34 Long-term Outcome of Idiopathic Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT00941291
35 Comparison of Macular Function and Visual Fields After Membrane Blue or Infracyanine Green Staining in Vitreoretinal Surgery Completed NCT00555269
36 Comparison of a Spectral OCT/SLO With the Stratus OCT for Imaging Various Retinal Pathologies Completed NCT00408720
37 Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of Posturing Following Surgery for Full-thickness Macular Hole Completed NCT01226160 Early Phase 1
38 The Application of M-charts and Microperimetry for the Assessment of Visual Function in Patients After Vitrectomy Due to the Full Thickness Macular Hole. Completed NCT03701542
39 To Peel or Not to Peel: Surgical Outcome of Macular Membrane Peeling Associated With Significant Macular Drusen Completed NCT03927430
40 Traumatic Macular Hole: Six-months Observation Versus Early Surgical Intervention, A Multicenter Clinical Trial Completed NCT01509092
41 Evaluation of the Precision of the Microperimetry Function of the Spectral OCT/SLO Completed NCT01692938
42 Preoperative Progression of Macular Holes Using Optical Coherence Tomography Completed NCT02203929
43 Macular Hole and Cataract Extraction: Combined Surgery Versus Two Times Surgery Completed NCT01069029
44 Fundus Autofluorescence Images in Gas-filled Eyes Immediately After Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT02628262
45 Epiretinal Proliferation in Eyes With Full Thickness Macular Hole Completed NCT03376776
46 Efficacy of Surgical Treatment of Vitrectomy and Scleral Shortening for Macular Hole Retinal Detachment or Myopic Traction Maculopathy Completed NCT02528045
47 Ultrastructure Analysis of Excised Internal Limiting Membrane in Eyes of Highly Myopia With Myopic Traction Maculopathy Completed NCT02528058
48 Internal Limiting Membrane Flap in the Management of Retinal Detachment Due to Paracentral Retinal Breaks Completed NCT03707015
49 A Randomized Clinical Trial of Face-down Protocol Versus Non-face-down Protocol After Surgery for Macular Holes. Completed NCT01974310
50 Foveal Cone Outer Segment Resumption to Predict Visual Recovery After Macular Hole Surgery Completed NCT01381965

Search NIH Clinical Center for Retinal Perforation

Cochrane evidence based reviews: retinal perforations

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Genetic Tests for Retinal Perforation

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Anatomical Context for Retinal Perforation

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Retinal Perforation:

41
Eye, Retina, Endothelial
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Publications for Retinal Perforation

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Articles related to Retinal Perforation:

(show all 33)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Prognostic biopsy of choroidal melanoma: an optimised surgical and laboratory approach. 38
28596284 2017
2
Experience With a Subretinal Cell-based Therapy in Patients With Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-related Macular Degeneration. 38
28435054 2017
3
Malignant choroidal melanoma with suspected vitreous seeding - A case report. 38
29034158 2017
4
Iatrogenic subretinal injection of Ozurdex® implant and its effect on macular edema. 38
28757695 2017
5
Epiretinal membrane in a subject after transvitreal delivery of palucorcel (CNTO 2476). 38
29070939 2017
6
[Retinal perforation by a hard silicone buckle 20 years after retinal detachment surgery with an encircling buckle]. 38
26549138 2015
7
Bimodal in vivo imaging provides early assessment of stem-cell-based photoreceptor engraftment. 38
25771816 2015
8
Staining internal limiting membrane with a mixture of BBG and sodium hyaluronate. 38
23203697 2013
9
Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling of a traumatic macular hole with retinal folds. 38
21475605 2011
10
A Perforating Eye Injury Caused by a Staple Gun, Treated Successfully Without Vitrectomy. 38
20337334 2010
11
Transscleral fine-needle aspiration biopsy of macular choroidal melanoma. 38
18062935 2008
12
[Forensic medical assessment in post-trauma retinal detachment]. 38
17896515 2007
13
An age-based method for planning sclerotomy placement during pediatric vitrectomy: a 12-year experience. 38
18427597 2007
14
Safety in nonhuman primates of ocular AAV2-RPE65, a candidate treatment for blindness in Leber congenital amaurosis. 38
16942444 2006
15
A new instrument for drainage or injection of fluid within subretinal space. 38
14574251 2003
16
Locally invasive tumors arising from hyperplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium. 38
11642378 2001
17
A study of the ability of tissue plasminogen activator to diffuse into the subretinal space after intravitreal injection in rabbits. 38
10612511 1999
18
Retinal complications of strabismus surgery. 38
10182101 1998
19
External argon laser choroidotomy for subretinal fluid drainage. 38
9524028 1998
20
Retinal perforation in strabismus surgery. 38
9083958 1997
21
Indirect argon laser drainage of subretinal fluid. 38
8944099 1996
22
Prospective, randomised, controlled trial comparing suture needle drainage and argon laser drainage of subretinal fluid. 38
7547781 1995
23
[Retinal detachment and laser drainage]. 38
7609379 1995
24
Drainage of subretinal fluid with the argon laser. 38
8506910 1993
25
[Postoperative posture of patients with retinal perforation treated with pneumatic retinopexy]. 38
8258183 1993
26
Use of the carbon dioxide laser in the drainage of subretinal fluid. 38
2497717 1989
27
Natural history of penetrating ocular injury with retinal laceration in the monkey. 38
3943726 1986
28
Argon laser choroidotomy for drainage of subretinal fluid. 38
3977722 1985
29
Choroidal melanoma with retinal perforation and vitreous hemorrhage: a scanning electron microscopic study. 38
6656013 1983
30
Pseudoretinitis pigmentosa secondary to preretinal malignant melanoma cells. 38
7178677 1982
31
Aspiration from the vitreous of a non-magnetic foreign body. 38
718819 1978
32
Retinal perforation and muscle surgery. 38
5481593 1970
33
[A spot suggesting retinal perforation]. 38
14957388 1952
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Variations for Retinal Perforation

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Expression for Retinal Perforation

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Retinal Perforation.
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Pathways for Retinal Perforation

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Pathways related to Retinal Perforation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Collagen chain trimerization 66
Show member pathways
 11.86 P3H1 COL2A1 COL11A2
2
Degradation of the extracellular matrix 66
Show member pathways
 11.45 P3H1 COL2A1 COL11A2
3
Neural Crest Differentiation 1
11.16 COL2A1 COL11A2
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GO Terms for Retinal Perforation

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Cellular components related to Retinal Perforation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 collagen trimer GO:0005581 8.96 COL2A1 COL11A2
2 endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005788 8.8 P3H1 COL2A1 COL11A2

Biological processes related to Retinal Perforation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cartilage development GO:0051216 9.4 COL2A1 COL11A2
2 roof of mouth development GO:0060021 9.37 COL2A1 COL11A2
3 bone development GO:0060348 9.32 P3H1 COL2A1
4 collagen fibril organization GO:0030199 9.26 COL2A1 COL11A2
5 skeletal system morphogenesis GO:0048705 9.16 COL2A1 COL11A2
6 chondrocyte differentiation GO:0002062 8.96 COL2A1 COL11A2
7 tissue homeostasis GO:0001894 8.62 COL2A1 COL11A2

Molecular functions related to Retinal Perforation according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 metal ion binding GO:0046872 9.43 SCO2 P3H1 JMJD6 ESCO2 COL2A1 COL11A2
2 dioxygenase activity GO:0051213 9.16 P3H1 JMJD6
3 extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength GO:0030020 8.62 COL2A1 COL11A2
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Sources for Retinal Perforation

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 TGDB
71 Tocris
72 UMLS
73 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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