Retrograde Amnesia disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: RTR001 MIFTS: 44	Retrograde Amnesia Categories: Mental diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Retrograde Amnesia

MalaCards integrated aliases for Retrograde Amnesia:

Name: Retrograde Amnesia ¹² ⁷⁴ ¹⁵ ⁷¹ ³²

Amnesia, Retrograde ⁷⁴ ⁴³

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Mental diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³²

Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified

Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour

Other symptoms and signs involving cognitive functions and awareness

Retrograde amnesia

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:4543

MeSH ⁴³ D000648

NCIt ⁴⁹ C34372

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁷ 51921000

ICD10 ³² R41.2

UMLS ⁷¹ C0002624

Sources

Summaries for Retrograde Amnesia

Disease Ontology : ¹² An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.

MalaCards based summary : Retrograde Amnesia, also known as amnesia, retrograde, is related to transient global amnesia and amnestic disorder, and has symptoms including forgetful and memory loss. An important gene associated with Retrograde Amnesia is SLC6A4 (Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Transmission across Chemical Synapses and Circadian entrainment. The drugs Methohexital and Succinylcholine have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, cortex and temporal lobe, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and growth/size/body region

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ Retrograde amnesia (RA) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Retrograde Amnesia

Diseases related to Retrograde Amnesia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 137)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	transient global amnesia	30.9	CA4 BDNF
2	amnestic disorder	30.8	PDYN IMPACT HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS
3	cerebral hypoxia	30.7	FOS CREB1
4	anterograde amnesia	29.8	TNFRSF10C IMPACT HTR1A GRIN2B FOS EGR1
5	depression	29.8	SLC6A4 HTR1A GRIA1 BDNF
6	temporal lobe epilepsy	29.5	PDYN HTR1A GRIN2B BDNF
7	status epilepticus	29.4	GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS BDNF ACHE
8	mental depression	28.7	SLC6A4 POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
9	major depressive disorder	28.7	SLC6A4 POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
10	migraine with or without aura 1	27.9	SLC6A4 POMC PDYN IMPACT HTR1A GRIN2B
11	anxiety	27.9	SLC6A4 POMC PDYN HTR1A GRIN2B CREB1
12	alzheimer disease	27.8	SLC6A4 MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 EGR1
13	head injury	10.5
14	visual epilepsy	10.4
15	seizure disorder	10.4
16	dissociative amnesia	10.4
17	encephalitis	10.4
18	acute stress disorder	10.3	SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
19	myofascial pain syndrome	10.3	POMC BDNF
20	traumatic brain injury	10.3
21	dissociative disorder	10.3	SLC6A4 GRIN2B BDNF
22	bulimia nervosa	10.2	SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
23	ocular motor apraxia	10.2
24	heroin dependence	10.2	SLC6A4 PDYN BDNF
25	amphetamine abuse	10.2	SLC6A4 ARC
26	fetal alcohol spectrum disorder	10.2	GRIN2B CREB1 BDNF
27	cocaine dependence	10.2	SLC6A4 POMC PDYN
28	morphine dependence	10.2	PDYN FOS CREB1
29	eating disorder	10.2	SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
30	huntington disease	10.2
31	viral encephalitis	10.2
32	herpes simplex encephalitis	10.2
33	anoxia	10.2
34	brain injury	10.2
35	hypoxia	10.2
36	crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans	10.1	GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
37	vestibular nystagmus	10.1	TNFRSF10C FOS
38	wernicke-korsakoff syndrome	10.1
39	cardiac arrest	10.1
40	herpes simplex	10.1
41	48,xyyy	10.1
42	limbic encephalitis	10.1
43	aneurysm	10.1
44	landau-kleffner syndrome	10.1	POMC GRIN2B
45	drug dependence	10.0	SLC6A4 POMC PDYN BDNF
46	kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome	10.0	GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS BDNF
47	substance dependence	10.0	SLC6A4 POMC PDYN BDNF
48	diabetic encephalopathy	10.0	CREB1 BDNF
49	occlusion precerebral artery	10.0	GRIN2B FOS CA4 BDNF
50	inhibited male orgasm	10.0	SLC6A4 HTR1A

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Retrograde Amnesia:

Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Retrograde Amnesia

UMLS symptoms related to Retrograde Amnesia:

forgetful, memory loss

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Retrograde Amnesia:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	behavior/neurological	MP:0005386	10.25	ACHE ARC BDNF CNOT3 CREB1 EGR1
2	growth/size/body region	MP:0005378	10.21	ACHE ARC BDNF CA4 CNOT3 CREB1
3	homeostasis/metabolism	MP:0005376	10.17	ACHE BDNF CA4 CNOT3 CREB1 EGR1
4	mortality/aging	MP:0010768	9.97	ACHE ARC BDNF CA4 CNOT3 CREB1
5	integument	MP:0010771	9.91	BDNF CNOT3 EGR1 FOS GRIA1 MAPK1
6	nervous system	MP:0003631	9.77	ACHE ARC BDNF CREB1 EGR1 FOS
7	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	9.23	ACHE ARC BDNF GRIA1 GRIN2B HTR1A

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Retrograde Amnesia

Drugs for Retrograde Amnesia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 24)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Methohexital

Approved

Phase 4

151-83-7

9034

Synonyms:

(+-)-5-Allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)barbitate

(+-)-5-Allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)barbitic acid

(+-)-5-Allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)barbituric acid

(±)-5-allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)barbituric acid

.alpha.-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbituric acid

115621-33-5

151-83-7

18652-93-2

1-methyl-5-(1-methylpent-2-yn-1-yl)-5-(prop-2-en-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione

1-methyl-5-(1-methylpent-2-yn-1-yl)-5-prop-2-en-1-ylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione

5-allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

5-Allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pentynyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione

5-Allyl-1-methyl-5-(1-methyl-pent-2-ynyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione

5-Allyl-5-(3-hexyn-2-yl)-1-methylbarbitate

5-Allyl-5-(3-hexyn-2-yl)-1-methylbarbitic acid

5-Allyl-5-(3-hexyn-2-yl)-1-methylbarbituric acid

5-hex-3-yn-2-yl-1-methyl-5-prop-2-enyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione

7187-72-6

AC1L1S67

a-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitate

a-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitic acid

alpha-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitate

alpha-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitic acid

alpha-DL-1-Methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbituric acid

Brevimytal natrium

Brevital

Brietal

Brietal sodium

Brietal-sodium

C07844

C14H18N2O3

CHEBI:102216

CHEMBL7413

CID9034

Compound 22451

Compound 25398

D04985

DB00474

DEA No. 2264

EINECS 205-798-6

Enallynymall

Enallynymalum

Jones brand OF methohexital sodium

Lilly brand OF methohexital sodium

LS-173735

Methodrexitone

Methohexital

METHOHEXITAL

Methohexital (USP/INN)

Methohexital sodium

Methohexital, monosodium salt

Methohexital, Monosodium Salt

Methohexitalum

Methohexitalum [INN-Latin]

Methohexitone

Metoesital

Metoesital [DCIT]

Metohexital

Metohexital [INN-Spanish]

MolPort-004-285-965

Monosodium salt methohexital

Natrium, brevimytal

Sodium, methohexital

UNII-E5B8ND5IPE

α-DL-1-methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitate

α-DL-1-methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbitic acid

α-DL-1-methyl-5-allyl-5-(1'-methylpentyn-2-yl)barbituric acid

Succinylcholine

Approved

Phase 4

306-40-1

5314

Synonyms:

2,2'-[(1,4-dioxobutane-1,4-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium)

2,2'-[(1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-1,4-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium)

2,2'-[(1,4-DIOXOBUTANE-1,4-DIYL)BIS(OXY)]BIS(N,N,N-TRIMETHYLETHANAMINIUM)

2ha2

2ha6

306-40-1

4-04-00-01451 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

541-19-5 (diiodide)

55-94-7 (dibromide)

71-27-2 (dichloride)

AC1L1K2T

Anectine

BRN 1805311

Bromide, suxamethonium

C07546

C14H30N2O4

Celocurine

CHEBI:45652

CHEMBL703

Choline, succinate (2:1) (ester)

Choline, succinate (ester)

CID5314

DB00202

Diacetylcholine

Dibromide, succinylcholine

Dichloride, succinylcholine

Dicholine succinate

Dicholine succinic acid

Diiodide, succinylcholine

Diperchlorate, succinylcholine

Ditilin

Ditiline

HMS2090P14

HSDB 3254

InChI=1/C14H30N2O4/c1-15(2,3)9-11-19-13(17)7-8-14(18)20-12-10-16(4,5)6/h7-12H2,1-6H3/q+2

L000926

Listenon

Lopac0_001080

Lopac-S-8251

LS-53328

Lysthenon

MolPort-002-964-486

Myorelaxin

NCGC00015971-01

NCGC00015971-03

NCGC00162336-01

Quelicin

Quelicin Preservative Free

SCK

Scoline

ST50437287

STK177290

Succicuran

Succinate, diester with choline

Succinic acid, diester with choline

Succinic acid, diester with choline chloride

Succinocholine

Succinoylcholine

Succinyl choline

Succinylbischoline

succinylcholine

Succinylcholine chloride

Succinylcholine Chloride

Succinylcholine dibromide

Succinylcholine dichloride

Succinylcholine dichloride, di H2O

Succinylcholine dichloride, di-H2O

Succinylcholine diiodide

Succinylcholine diperchlorate

Succinylcholine iodide

succinyldicholine

Succinyldicholine

Sucostrin

Suxamethonium

Suxamethonium bromide

Suxamethonium chloride

trimethyl-[2-[4-oxo-4-(2-trimethylazaniumylethoxy)butanoyl]oxyethyl]azanium diio

trimethyl-[2-[4-oxo-4-[2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethoxy]butanoyl]oxyethyl]azanium

UNII-J2R869A8YF

ZINC01530820

Ketamine

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

6740-88-1

3821

Synonyms:

(-)-Ketamine

(+-)-Ketamine

(+/-)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

(+/-)-2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

(+/-)-Ketamine

(±)-ketamine

(S)-(-)-Ketamine

(S)-Ketamine

100477-72-3

2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one

2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

2-(2-chloro-Phenyl)-2-methylamino-cyclohexanone

2-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-2-methylamino-cyclohexanone

2-(methylamino)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanone

2-(methylamino)-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)cyclohexanone

2-(Methylamino)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanone

2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone

2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone

2-(o-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone

2-(O-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone

33643-45-7

6740-88-1

79499-51-7

AC1L1GSH

AC1Q40UR

AKOS001053247

BRN 2216965

C07525

C13H16ClNO

Calipsol

Calypsol

Cetamina

Cetamina [INN-Spanish]

CHEBI:138833

CHEBI:6121

CHEMBL742

CI 581 base

CI-581

CID3821

CLSTA 20

Cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)- (9CI)

Cyclohexanone, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-, (+-)- (9CI)

Cyclohexanone, 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-, (+/-)- (8CI)

D08098

DB01221

DEA No. 7285

DivK1c_000217

dl-Ketamine

DL-ketamine

DL-Ketamine

EINECS 229-804-1

Esketamine

Green

IDI1_000217

Kalipsol

KBio1_000217

Ketaject

Ketalar

Ketalar base

Ketamina

ketamine

Ketamine

Kétamine

Ketamine (INN)

Ketamine [INN:BAN]

Ketamine base

Ketamine Base

Ketamine HCL

KETAMINE HCL

Ketamine hydrochloride

Ketaminum

Ketaminum [INN-Latin]

Ketanest

Ketaset

Ketoject

Ketolar

l-Ketamine

L-Ketamine

LS-57301

MLS001331674

MolPort-001-838-070

NCGC00159480-02

NCGC00159480-03

NINDS_000217

NMDA

NSC 70151

NSC70151

SMR000238141

Special K

Special K [street name]

T385

Tekam

Tekam (TN)

UNII-690G0D6V8H

Anesthetics

Phase 4

Anesthetics, Intravenous

Phase 4

Anesthetics, General

Phase 4

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

Phase 4

Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists

Phase 4

Anesthetics, Dissociative

Phase 4

Analgesics

Phase 4

Morphine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 3

57-27-2

5288826

Synonyms:

(-)(5.alpha.,6.alpha.)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(-)-Heroin hydrochloride

(−)-morphine

(-)-Morphine

(-)Morphine sulfate

(5a,6a)-17-Methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol

(5a,6a)-didehydro-4,5-Epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-17-Methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-didehydro-4,5-Epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(5alpha,6alpha)-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(5R,6S,9R,13S,14R)-4,5-epoxy-N-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6-diol

(5R,6S,9R,13S,14R)-4,5-Epoxy-N-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6-diol

(5α,6α)-17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol

(5α,6α)-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

(7R,7AS,12bs)-3-methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methano[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol

(7R,7AS,12BS)-3-methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methano[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol

(7R,7AS,12BS)-3-METHYL-2,3,4,4A,7,7A-HEXAHYDRO-1H-4,12-METHANO[1]BENZOFURO[3,2-E]ISOQUINOLINE-7,9-DIOL

17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol

4,5alpha-Epoxy-17-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6alpha-diol

47106-99-0

4-methyl-(13R,14S)-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.01,13.05,17.07,18]octadeca-7(18),8,10,15-tetraene-10,14-diol

57-27-2

6211-15-0 (sulfate (2:1) (salt) pentahydrate)

64-31-3

64-31-3 (sulfate (2:1) (salt) anhydrous)

7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol

7,8-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methyl-morphinan-3,6-diol

8053-16-5

85201-37-2

Anhydrous morphine

Apokyn

Astramorph PF

Avinza

BIDD:GT0147

C01516

CCRIS 5762

CHEBI:17303

CHEMBL70

Chloride, morphine

CID5288826

Contin, MS

Cube juice

D-(-)-Morphine

DB00295

DEA No. 9300

Depodur

DepoDur

Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride

Diamorphine hydrochloride

Dolcontin

Dreamer

Dulcontin

Duramorph

Duramorph PF

Duromorph

EINECS 200-320-2

Epimorph

Hard stuff

Heroin hydrochloride

Heroine hydrochloride

Hocus

HSDB 2134

Infumorph

Kadian

l-Morphine

LS-91748

M.O.S

Meconium

M-Eslon

MOI

MolPort-003-849-273

Morfina

Morfina [Italian]

Morphia

Morphin

Morphin [German]

Morphina

Morphina [Italian]

morphine

Morphine

Morphine [BAN]

Morphine chloride

Morphine Extra-Forte

Morphine Forte

Morphine H.P

Morphine sulfate

Morphine Sulfate

MORPHINE SULFATE

Morphine sulfate (2:1), anhydrous

Morphine sulfate (2:1), pentahydrate

MORPHINE, (5A,6A)-7,8-DIDEHYDRO-4,5-EPOXY-17-METHYLMORPHINIAN-3,6-DIOL, MORPHIUM, MORPHIA, DOLCONTIN, DUROMORPH, MORPHINA, NEPENTHE

Morphinism

Morphinum

Morphitec

Morphium

Morpho

Moscontin

Ms Contin

MS Contin

Ms Emma

MS/L

MS/S

MSIR

nchembio.317-comp1

nchembio.64-comp1

Nepenthe

NSC11441

O,O'-Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride

OMS Concentrate

Oramorph SR

Ospalivina

Rescudose

RMS

RMS Uniserts

Roxanol

Roxanol 100

Roxanol UD

SDZ 202-250

SDZ202-250

Statex

Statex Drops

Statex SR

Sulfate, morphine

UNII-76I7G6D29C

Unkie

Propofol

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

2078-54-8

4943

Synonyms:

2, 6-Diisopropylphenol

2,6 Diisopropylphenol

2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)phenol

2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)-phenol

2,6-Bis(1-methylethyl)phenol

2,6-Bis(Isopropyl)-phenol

2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenol

2,6-Diisopropyl phenol

2,6-Diisopropylphenol

2,6-DIISOPROPYLPHENOL

2078-54-8

28449-97-0

4-06-00-03435 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

50356-15-5

AB00513968

Abbott brand OF propofol

Abbott Brand of Propofol

AC1L1J9Y

AC1Q1OUI

AC-2038

AI3-26295

Alpha Brand of Propofol

Alpha Brand OF propofol

AM-149

Ampofol

Aquafol

Astra brand OF propofol

Astra Brand of Propofol

AstraZeneca brand OF propofol

AstraZeneca Brand of Propofol

BIDD:GT0436

Biomol-NT_000248

BPBio1_000950

BPBio1_000969

Braun brand OF propofol

Braun Brand of Propofol

BRD-K82255054-001-03-5

BRN 1866484

BSPBio_000862

C07523

C12H18O

CAS-2078-54-8

CCRIS 9000

CHEBI:44915

CHEMBL526

CID4943

CPD000059151

CPD-11437

Curamed brand OF propofol

Curamed Brand of Propofol

D00549

D015742

D0617

D126608

D126608_ALDRICH

DB00818

DDS-04F

Diisopropylphenol

Dipravan

Diprivan

Diprivan (TN)

Diprivan Injectable emulsion

Disoprivan

Disoprofol

EINECS 218-206-6

EU-0100437

Fresenius brand OF propofol

Fresenius Brand of Propofol

Fresenius kabi brand OF propofol

Fresenius Kabi Brand of Propofol

Fresofol

ghl.PD_Mitscher_leg0.558

HMS1570L04

HMS2089O21

HMS2094E17

HSDB 7123

ICI 35,868

ICI 35868

ICI35,868

ICI-35,868

ICI35868

ICI-35868

InChI=1/C12H18O/c1-8(2)10-6-5-7-11(9(3)4)12(10)13/h5-9,13H,1-4H

Ivofol

Jsp004266

Juste brand OF propofol

Juste Brand of Propofol

Lopac0_000437

Lopac-D126608

LS-996

MLS001066348

MLS001335999

MLS002454360

MolPort-001-794-517

NCGC00015389-01

NCGC00015389-02

NCGC00015389-04

NCGC00015389-09

NCGC00091538-01

NCGC00091538-02

NCGC00091538-03

NCGC00091538-04

NCGC00091538-05

NCGC00091538-06

nchembio.552-comp7

NSC 5105

NSC5105

Parnell brand OF propofol

Parnell Brand of Propofol

PFL

Pisa brand OF propofol

Pisa Brand of Propofol

Prestwick0_000931

Prestwick1_000931

Prestwick2_000931

Prestwick3_000931

propofol

Propofol

Propofol (JAN/USAN/INN)

Propofol [USAN:INN:BAN]

Propofol abbott

Propofol Abbott

Propofol fresenius

Propofol Fresenius

Propofol IDD-D

Propofol MCT

Propofol rovi

Propofol Rovi

Propofol(2,6-Diisopropylphenol)

Propofol-lipuro

Propofol-Lipuro

Propofolum

Propofolum [Latin]

Rapinovet

Recofol

Rovi brand OF propofol

Rovi Brand of Propofol

S01-0189

SAM002264610

Schering brand OF propofol

Schering Brand of Propofol

SMR000059151

SPBio_003031

SPECTRUM1505022

ST50405911

UNII-YI7VU623SF

W505102_ALDRICH

ZD-0859

Zeneca brand OF propofol

Zeneca Brand of Propofol

ZINC00968303

Midazolam

Approved, Illicit

Early Phase 1

59467-70-8

4192

Synonyms:

4H-Imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine, 8-chloro-6-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-, (Z)-2-butenedioate

59467-70-8

8-Chlor-6-(2-fluorphenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo(1,5-a)(1,4)benzodiazepin

8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine

8-Chloro-6-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5a][1,4]benzodiazepine hydrochloride

8-Chloro-6-(o-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo(1,5-a)(1,4)benzodiazepine

8-Chloro-6-(O-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]-benzodiazepine

AC-18749

AC1L1HMA

BIDD:GT0647

BRN 0625572

Buccolam

C07524

C18H13ClFN3

CHEMBL655

CID4192

D00550

Dazolam

DB00683

Dea no. 2884

Dea No. 2884

DEA No. 2884

Dormicum

Dormicum (TN)

EINECS 261-774-5

Hydrochloride, midazolam

LS-77780

Maleate, midazolam

Midanium

midazolam

Midazolam

Midazolam (JAN/INN)

Midazolam [INN:BAN:JAN]

Midazolam base

Midazolam Base

Midazolam Hcl

Midazolam hydrochloride

Midazolam maleate

Midazolamum

Midazolamum [INN-Latin]

Midosed

MolPort-003-849-219

NCGC00168254-01

nchembio747-comp32

Ro 21-3981

TL8003787

UC429_SIGMA

UNII-R60L0SM5BC

Versed

ZINC00001732

Donepezil

Approved

120014-06-4

3152

Synonyms:

( inverted exclamation markA)-E 2020

120014-06-4

1-Benzyl-4-((5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)-2-yl)methylpiperidine hydrochloride

1-Benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-1-oxoindan-2-yl)methyl]piperidine

2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dihydroinden-1-one

2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one

AB1004836

AC1L1FAE

AC-6969

AKOS000277311

Aricept

Aricept odt

Aricept ODT

C24H29NO3

CHEBI:53289

CHEMBL502

CID3152

D07869

DB00843

Domepezil

Donaz

Donaz (TN)

Donepezil

Donepezil (INN)

Donepezil [INN:BAN]

Donepezil hydrochloride

Donepezilium oxalate trihydrate

Donepezilo

Donepezilum

Eranz

I06-0343

KBio2_002144

KBio2_004712

KBio2_007280

KBioSS_002144

LS-81819

MolPort-000-881-588

MolPort-003-847-014

NCGC00167537-01

Oprea1_188452

Spectrum_001664

Spectrum5_001662

TL8000531

UNII-8SSC91326P

Glutamic acid

Approved, Nutraceutical

Early Phase 1

56-86-0

33032

Synonyms:

(2S)-2-Aminopentanedioate

(2S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid

(S)-(+)-Glutamate

(S)-(+)-Glutamic acid

(S)-2-Aminopentanedioate

(S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid

(S)-Glutamate

(S)-Glutamic acid

09581_FLUKA

10549-13-0

138-15-8 (unspecified hydrochloride)

138-16-9

16690-92-9 (di-hydrochloride salt)

19238-49-4 (unspecified calcium salt)

19473-49-5 (mono-potassium salt)

1-amino-Propane-1,3-dicarboxylate

1-Aminopropane-1,3-dicarboxylate

1-amino-Propane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid

1-Aminopropane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid

1ftj

1ii5

1xff

24595-14-0 (unspecified potassium salt)

24938-00-9

25513-46-6

26717-13-5

27322E29-9696-49C1-B541-86BEF72DE2F3

2-Aminoglutarate

2-Aminoglutaric acid

2-Aminopentanedioate

2-aminopentanedioic acid

2-Aminopentanedioic acid

49449_FLUKA

49449_SIGMA

55695-80-2 (mono-lithium salt)

56-86-0

6899-05-4

7558-63-6 (mono-ammonium salt)

84960-48-5

a-Aminoglutarate

a-Aminoglutaric acid

AB1002631

AC-11294

AC1L1OVN

AC1Q28OF

AC1Q4U8B

AC1Q4U8C

Acide glutamique

Acide glutamique [INN-French]

acido Glutamico

Acido glutamico

ácido glutámico

Acido glutamico [INN-Spanish]

Acidum glutamicum

Acidum glutamicum [INN-Latin]

Acidum glutaminicum

Aciglut

a-Glutamate

a-Glutamic acid

AI3-18472

alpha-Aminoglutarate

alpha-aminoglutaric acid

alpha-Aminoglutaric acid

alpha-Aminoglutaric acid (VAN)

alpha-Glutamate

alpha-Glutamic acid

alpha-L-Glutamic acid polymer

Aluminum L glutamate

Aluminum L-glutamate

AmbotzHAA1087

Aminoglutarate

Aminoglutaric acid

Biomol-NT_000170

BPBio1_001132

C00025

CCRIS 7314

CHEBI:16015

CHEMBL575060

CID33032

D Glutamate

D00007

DB00142

DB02517

D-Glutamate

D-Glutamiensuur

E 620

EINECS 200-293-7

EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 374350

FEMA No. 3285

FT-0085107

G0059

G1251_SIGMA

G5667_SIGMA

G8415_SIGMA

Glt

glu

Glu

Glusate

glut

Glut

glutacid

Glutacid

glutamate

Glutamate

Glutamate, potassium

Glutamic acid

GLUTAMIC ACID

Glutamic acid (H-3)

Glutamic Acid (L-glutamic acid)

Glutamic acid (VAN)

Glutamic Acid [USAN:INN]

Glutamic acid polymer

Glutamic acid, (D)-isomer

Glutamic acid, L- (7CI,8CI)

Glutamic acid, L-, peptides

Glutamicol

Glutamidex

Glutaminate

glutaminic acid

Glutaminic acid

Glutaminic acid (VAN)

Glutaminol

Glutaton

Gulutamine

Gulutamine (USP)

H-Glu-OH

HSCI1_000269

L Glutamate

L Glutamic acid

L-(+)-Glutamate

L-(+)-glutamic acid

L-(+)-Glutamic acid

L-2-Aminoglutaric acid

L-a-Aminoglutarate

L-a-Aminoglutaric acid

L-alpha-Aminoglutarate

L-alpha-Aminoglutaric acid

L-glu

L-Glu

L-glutamate

L-Glutamate

L-Glutamate, aluminum

L-glutamic acid

L-Glutamic acid

L-Glutamic acid (9CI)

L-Glutamic acid (JAN)

L-Glutamic acid hydrochloride

L-Glutamic acid, homopolymer

L-Glutamic acid, homopolymer (9CI)

L-Glutaminate

L-Glutaminic acid

L-Glutaminsaeure

Lopac0_000529

LS-2330

LS-71885

MolPort-001-770-254

NCGC00024502-01

NCGC00024502-02

NCGC00024502-03

NCGC00024502-04

nchembio.186-comp9

nchembio.198-comp6

nchembio.2007.55-comp22

nchembio.266-comp23

nchembio.586-comp22

nchembio816-comp2

NSC 143503

PDSP1_000128

PDSP1_001539

PDSP2_000127

PDSP2_001523

Poly(alpha-L-glutamic acid)

POLYGLUTAMIC ACID

Poly-L-glutamate

Potassium glutamate

Sodium Glutamate (L-glutamic Acid)

Tocris-0218

UNII-3KX376GY7L

W328502_ALDRICH

Hypnotics and Sedatives

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists

Early Phase 1

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Early Phase 1

Psychotropic Drugs

Early Phase 1

Anti-Anxiety Agents

Early Phase 1

GABA Modulators

Early Phase 1

protein S

Cholinergic Agents

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 11)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	A Randomised Controlled Trial of Standard Bilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy Versus High-dose Unilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy for Severe Depression	Completed	NCT01907217	Phase 4	Methohexitone;Suxamethonium
2	Comparing Therapeutic Efficacy and Cognitive Side Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Using Ketamine Versus Methohexital Anesthesia	Completed	NCT01881763	Phase 4	Ketamine;Methohexital
3	Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) for the Treatment of Severe Mood Disorder	Completed	NCT00488748	Phase 3
4	Focal Electrical Administered Seizure Therapy (FEAST) for Major Depression	Completed	NCT01589315	Phase 2, Phase 3
5	Focal Electrically-Administered Seizure Therapy (FEAST): Studies at Two Enrolling Sites to Further Test and Refine the Treatment	Completed	NCT02535572	Phase 2, Phase 3
6	Sodium Butyrate As A Treatment For Improving Cognitive Function In Schizophrenia	Withdrawn	NCT02654405	Phase 2, Phase 3
7	Improving Outcomes in Geriatric Depression: Magnetic Seizure Therapy	Active, not recruiting	NCT01869374	Phase 1, Phase 2
8	The Effect on Cognition of Terminating ECT Induced Seizures With Propofol	Completed	NCT00616759		propofol
9	Ketamine for Depression Relapse Prevention Following ECT: a Randomised Pilot Trial With Blood Biomarker Evaluation	Completed	NCT02414932	Early Phase 1	Ketamine;Midazolam
10	PROtein S100B for Mild Trauma of the HEad in Emergency Patients	Recruiting	NCT03313505
11	Can Donepezil Preserve Autobiographical Memory Post Electroconvulsive Therapy? A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial	Terminated	NCT02331771		Donepezil;Placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Retrograde Amnesia

Cochrane evidence based reviews: amnesia, retrograde

Sources

Genetic Tests for Retrograde Amnesia

Sources

Anatomical Context for Retrograde Amnesia

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Retrograde Amnesia:

⁴⁰

Brain, Cortex, Temporal Lobe, Testes, Amygdala, Thalamus, Eye

Sources

Publications for Retrograde Amnesia

Articles related to Retrograde Amnesia:

(show top 50) (show all 1198)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Transient global amnesia following carotid artery stenting: A case report. ⁶¹	Lee BH	32528605	2020
2	Structural Connectivity and Cortical Thickness Alterations in Transient Global Amnesia. ⁶¹	Hodel J...Lopes R	32381542	2020
3	Forget the stress: retrograde amnesia for the stress-induced impairment of extinction retrieval. ⁶¹	Briggs JF...McMullen KM	32295837	2020
4	Does hippocampal atrophy explain anterograde and retrograde amnesia following autoimmune limbic encephalitis? ⁶¹	Argyropoulos GPD...Butler CR	32320116	2020
5	Transient epileptic amnesia diagnosed using long-term electroencephalography. ⁶¹	Jensen CD...Beier CP	32301725	2020
6	Neuropathology of a remarkable case of memory impairment informs human memory. ⁶¹	Gao AF...Rosenbaum RS	31972232	2020
7	The effect of erythropoietin on electroconvulsive stimulation induced cognitive impairment in rats. ⁶¹	Kjar K...Wortwein G	31954736	2020
8	Encoding of contextual fear memory in hippocampal-amygdala circuit. ⁶¹	Kim WB...Cho JH	32170133	2020
9	Retrograde Amnesia Associated With Intraoperative Neuromonitoring. ⁶¹	Lawrence R...Goonasekera C	32028375	2020
10	Retrograde amnesia with transposition in the past: A neuropsychological and PET study of a case. ⁶¹	Pouliquen D...Martinaud O	31789565	2020
11	Effects of magnetic seizure therapy on anterograde and retrograde amnesia in treatment-resistant depression. ⁶¹	Kayser S...Schlaepfer TE	31682325	2020
12	Emotional memory in bipolar disorder: Impact of multiple episodes and childhood trauma. ⁶¹	Fijtman A...Kauer-Sant'Anna M	31505398	2020
13	Lost or unavailable? Exploring mechanisms that affect retrograde memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients. ⁶¹	De Simone MS...Carlesimo GA	31571005	2020
14	Comparison of Three Anxiety Management Protocols for Extraction of Third Molars With the Use of Midazolam, Diazepam, and Nitrous Oxide: A Randomized Clinical Trial. ⁶¹	de Moares MB...Loureiro Sato FR	31319053	2019
15	Influence of midazolam-related genetic polymorphism on conscious sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a Korean population. ⁶¹	Park JY...Kim JG	31690757	2019
16	Anomalies of Autobiographical Memory. ⁶¹	Kopelman MD	31474234	2019
17	Sleep Terrors: An Updated Review. ⁶¹	Leung AKC...Hon KL	31612833	2019
18	Has multiple trace theory been refuted? ⁶¹	Sutherland RJ...Lehmann H	31584226	2019
19	Transient Global Amnesia in a 60-year-old female with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. ⁶¹	Espiridion ED...Danssaert Z	31728239	2019
20	Smell your memories: Positive effect of odor exposure on recent and remote autobiographical memories in Alzheimer's disease. ⁶¹	Glachet O...El Haj M	30890017	2019
21	Parallel pathways of seizure generalization. ⁶¹	Dabrowska N...Kapur J	31237945	2019
22	Hippocampal Damage Causes Retrograde Amnesia and Slower Acquisition of a Cue-Place Discrimination in a Concurrent Cue-Place Water Task in Rats. ⁶¹	Lee JQ...Sutherland RJ	31195054	2019
23	Amyloid β1-42-Induced Rapid Zn2+ Influx into Dentate Granule Cells Attenuates Maintained LTP Followed by Retrograde Amnesia. ⁶¹	Tamano H...Takeda A	30460616	2019
24	Sport-Related Structural Brain Injury in High School Soccer: Epidural Hemorrhage After a "Header". ⁶¹	Mummareddy N...Zuckerman SL	30928598	2019
25	Muscarinic activity in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex is crucial for spatial and fear memory retrieval. ⁶¹	Rashid H...Ahmed T	31003156	2019
26	The Long-Term Risk of Dementia after Transient Global Amnesia: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan. ⁶¹	Hsieh SW...Yang YH	31422402	2019
27	Retrograde Autobiographical Memory From PTA Emergence to Six-Month Follow-Up in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. ⁶¹	Roberts CM...Ponsford JL	30404534	2019
28	Memory integration: An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. ⁶¹	Gisquet-Verrier P...Riccio DC	30343034	2018
29	Postictal pure retrograde amnesia. ⁶¹	Paratte T...Sellal F	29779850	2018
30	Postictal pure retrograde amnesia: Response. ⁶¹	Thomas-Anterion C	30442449	2018
31	Temporary Memory Steal: Transient Global Amnesia Secondary to Nephrolithiasis. ⁶¹	Durrani M...Pescatore R	30443620	2018
32	Retrograde Personal Semantic Memory During Post-Traumatic Amnesia and Following Emergence. ⁶¹	Roberts CM...Ponsford JL	30196802	2018
33	[Cognitive deficits associated with electroconvulsive therapy for depression: moderating factors and neuropsychological tests]. ⁶¹	Margittai Z...Kujovic M	30654401	2018
34	Isolated Fornix Infarction with Damage to the Limbic System as a Cause of Persistent Amnesia: A Case Report. ⁶¹	Takano Y...Taki Y	30459298	2018
35	Clinical validation of S100B in the management of a mild traumatic brain injury: issues from an interventional cohort of 1449 adult patients. ⁶¹	Allouchery G...Bouvier D	29924734	2018
36	Risk factors of transient global amnesia: Three case reports. ⁶¹	Portaro S...Calabro RS	30313071	2018
37	Retrograde amnesia after intravenous sedation and general anaesthesia in a dental hospital. ⁶¹	Aulakh G...Beneng K	30029983	2018
38	Gender dependent contribution of muscarinic receptors in memory retrieval under sub-chronic stress. ⁶¹	Rashid H...Ahmed T	29775673	2018
39	Investigating the transition from recent to remote memory using advanced tools. ⁶¹	Doron A...Goshen I	28939475	2018
40	[Medial Temporal Lobe Amnesia]. ⁶¹	Kikuchi H...Fujii T	29997274	2018
41	[Psychogenic Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia]. ⁶¹	Yoshimasu H...Kurihara A	29997276	2018
42	Synapse-specific representation of the identity of overlapping memory engrams. ⁶¹	Abdou K...Inokuchi K	29903972	2018
43	Factors associated with post-concussion syndrome in high school student-athletes. ⁶¹	Kerr ZY...Dompier TP	28939003	2018
44	Computed tomography of the head for adult patients with minor head injury: are clinical decision rules a necessary evil? ⁶¹	Tan DW...Kuan WS	28540393	2018
45	Validation of the 10-Item Orientation Questionnaire: A New Tool for Monitoring Post-Electroconvulsive Therapy Disorientation. ⁶¹	Martin DM...Loo CK	28976441	2018
46	I'm shocked: informed consent in ECT and the phenomenological-self. ⁶¹	Seniuk P	29442207	2018
47	Psychological causes of autobiographical amnesia: A study of 28 cases. ⁶¹	Staniloiu A...Kordon A	29050993	2018
48	Episodic future thinking and future-based decision-making in a case of retrograde amnesia. ⁶¹	De Luca F...Ciaramelli E	28801245	2018
49	Utility of Retrograde Amnesia Assessment Alone, Compared with Anterograde Amnesia Assessment in Determining Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury: Prospective Cohort Study. ⁶¹	Marshman LAG...Britton G	29191531	2018
50	Memory Integration as a Challenge to the Consolidation/Reconsolidation Hypothesis: Similarities, Differences and Perspectives. ⁶¹	Gisquet-Verrier P...Riccio DC	30687031	2018

Sources

Genes for Retrograde Amnesia

Genes related to Retrograde Amnesia (0 elite genes):

(show all 19)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	SLC6A4	Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4	Protein Coding	11.81	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	MAPK1	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1	Protein Coding	6.7	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	IMPACT	Impact RWD Domain Protein	Protein Coding	6.08	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
4	LCN15	Lipocalin 15	Protein Coding	5.79	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
5	FOS	Fos Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit	Protein Coding	5.76	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
6	BDNF	Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor	Protein Coding	5.7	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
7	POMC	Proopiomelanocortin	Protein Coding	5.68	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
8	CREB1	CAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein 1	Protein Coding	5.67	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
9	GRIA1	Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor AMPA Type Subunit 1	Protein Coding	5.57	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
10	GRIN2B	Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor NMDA Type Subunit 2B	Protein Coding	5.52	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
11	CNOT3	CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex Subunit 3	Protein Coding	5.48	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
12	PDYN	Prodynorphin	Protein Coding	5.48	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
13	CA4	Carbonic Anhydrase 4	Protein Coding	5.39	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
14	EGR1	Early Growth Response 1	Protein Coding	5.34	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
15	ARC	Activity Regulated Cytoskeleton Associated Protein	Protein Coding	5.32	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
16	CCDC177	Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 177	Protein Coding	5.3	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
17	TNFRSF10C	TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 10c	Protein Coding	5.3	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
18	HTR1A	5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1A	Protein Coding	5.29	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
19	ACHE	Acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright Blood Group)	Protein Coding	5.29	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵

Sources

Variations for Retrograde Amnesia

Sources

Expression for Retrograde Amnesia

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Retrograde Amnesia.

Sources

Pathways for Retrograde Amnesia

Pathways related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 45)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Transmission across Chemical Synapses ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Neuronal System ⁶⁵ Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell ⁶⁵	12.98	SLC6A4 MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1 ACHE
2	Circadian entrainment ³⁶ Show member pathways Cholinergic synapse ³⁶ Dopaminergic synapse ³⁶ Glutamatergic synapse ³⁶ Synaptic Neurotransmission: Glutamatergic Excitation ⁶⁴	12.74	MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS CREB1 ACHE
3	Development HGF signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways Apoptosis and survival Anti-apoptotic action of membrane-bound ESR1 ²² Apoptosis and survival NGF signaling pathway ²² Apoptosis and survival Role of CDK5 in neuronal death and survival ²² Development Neurotrophin family signaling ²² MET activates PTPN11 ⁶⁵ MET activates STAT3 ⁶⁵ Neurotrophin signaling pathway ³⁶ Signaling events mediated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-Met) ¹ Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor ¹	12.69	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1 BDNF
4	Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons ⁶³ Show member pathways Aldosterone Signaling in Epithelial Cells ⁶³ Cholera Infection ⁶³	12.54	PDYN MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS CREB1
5	ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion ⁶⁵ Beta-agonist/Beta-blocker Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶⁰ Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding ⁶⁵ G alpha (z) signalling events ⁶⁵ G-protein activation ⁶⁵ Signal transduction cAMP signaling ²²	12.49	POMC PDYN MAPK1 CREB1
6	B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway (sino) ⁶⁶ Show member pathways B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway ⁶⁶	12.41	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
7	Neuroscience ⁴	12.33	POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 EGR1 CREB1
8	Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection ³⁶	12.31	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
9	G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme) ²² Show member pathways Activation of the AP-1 family of transcription factors ⁶⁵ Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells ²² MAPK Cascade ¹ Nanoparticle-mediated activation of receptor signaling ¹ Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway ¹	12.27	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
10	Post NMDA receptor activation events ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Activation of CaMK IV ⁶⁵ Activation of NMDA receptor upon glutamate binding and postsynaptic events ⁶⁵ CaMK IV-mediated phosphorylation of CREB ⁶⁵ CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII ⁶⁵ CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKK ⁶⁵ CREB phosphorylation through the activation of Ras ⁶⁵ Ras activation uopn Ca2+ infux through NMDA receptor ⁶⁵ RSK activation ⁶⁵ Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation ⁶⁵	12.21	MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
11	GDNF-Family Ligands and Receptor Interactions ⁶³ Show member pathways BDNF Pathway ⁶³ Development GDNF family signaling ²²	12.17	MAPK1 FOS CREB1 BDNF
12	Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways ¹	12.12	SLC6A4 HTR1A EGR1 CREB1 BDNF
13	Long-term potentiation ³⁶ Show member pathways Common Pathways Underlying Drug Addiction ¹	11.96	MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
14	Spinal Cord Injury ¹	11.95	PDYN MAPK1 FOS EGR1 BDNF
15	Serotonergic synapse ³⁶	11.93	SLC6A4 MAPK1 HTR1A
16	Parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action ³⁶	11.93	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
17	TNF signaling pathway ³⁶	11.92	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
18	ErbB1 downstream signaling ¹	11.91	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
19	Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) signaling pathway ¹	11.86	MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
20	Nuclear Events (kinase and transcription factor activation) ⁶⁵ Show member pathways CREB phosphorylation ⁶⁵ ERK/MAPK targets ⁶⁵ ERKs are inactivated ⁶⁵ MAPK targets/ Nuclear events mediated by MAP kinases ⁶⁵	11.85	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
21	Corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway ¹	11.85	POMC MAPK1 FOS CREB1
22	TGF-beta Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴	11.84	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
23	Immune response IL-2 activation and signaling pathway ²² Show member pathways Immune response IL-3 activation and signaling pathway ²²	11.83	MAPK1 FOS EGR1
24	Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling ²² Show member pathways DARPP-32 events ⁶⁵	11.83	PDYN GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
25	MAPK Signaling: Oxidative Stress ⁶⁴	11.75	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
26	Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) signaling pathway ¹	11.67	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
27	MECP2 and Associated Rett Syndrome ¹	11.63	GRIA1 CREB1 BDNF
28	Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network ¹	11.63	POMC MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
29	Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells ¹ Show member pathways Ras signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway ¹	11.62	MAPK1 FOS EGR1
30	Amphetamine addiction ³⁶ Show member pathways Cocaine addiction ³⁶	11.57	PDYN GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS CREB1 BDNF
31	cAMP signaling pathway ³⁶	11.56	POMC MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS
32	ATF-2 transcription factor network ¹	11.54	MAPK1 FOS CREB1 ACHE
33	Melanocyte Development and Pigmentation ⁶³	11.43	POMC MAPK1 CREB1
34	Development_Hedgehog and PTH signaling pathways in bone and cartilage development ²²	11.4	FOS EGR1 CREB1
35	Immune response_IL-6 signaling pathway ²²	11.32	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
36	BDNF-TrkB Signaling ¹	11.28	MAPK1 CREB1 BDNF ARC
37	Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway ¹ Show member pathways Signalling to ERK5 ⁶⁵	11.23	MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
38	Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) signaling pathway ¹	11.22	MAPK1 CREB1 BDNF
39	Telomere Extension by Telomerase ⁶³ Show member pathways XAV939 inhibits tankyrase, stabilizing AXIN ⁶⁵	11.17	MAPK1 FOS EGR1
40	Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades ²² Show member pathways phospho-PLA2 pathway ⁶⁵	11.15	POMC MAPK1 FOS EGR1
41	Estrogen signaling pathway ¹	11.12	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
42	Serotonin Receptor 4/6/7 and NR3C Signaling ¹	11.01	MAPK1 EGR1 CREB1
43	Nongenotropic Androgen signaling ¹	10.98	MAPK1 FOS CREB1
44	ERK Pathway in Huntingtons Disease ¹	10.85	MAPK1 CREB1 BDNF
45	MIF Action Through Endocytic Pathway ⁶³	10.76	MAPK1 FOS

Sources

GO Terms for Retrograde Amnesia

Cellular components related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	postsynaptic density	GO:0014069	9.56	MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA1 ARC
2	dendrite	GO:0030425	9.55	PDYN HTR1A GRIA1 BDNF ARC
3	synapse	GO:0045202	9.43	SLC6A4 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 ARC ACHE
4	postsynaptic density membrane	GO:0098839	8.8	GRIN2B GRIA1 ARC

Biological processes related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	response to drug	GO:0042493	9.8	SLC6A4 FOS CREB1 BDNF
2	response to toxic substance	GO:0009636	9.65	SLC6A4 MAPK1 FOS
3	circadian rhythm	GO:0007623	9.61	SLC6A4 CREB1 BDNF
4	memory	GO:0007613	9.58	SLC6A4 CREB1 BDNF
5	learning or memory	GO:0007611	9.54	MAPK1 GRIN2B BDNF
6	vasoconstriction	GO:0042310	9.51	SLC6A4 HTR1A
7	long-term synaptic potentiation	GO:0060291	9.5	MAPK1 GRIN2B ARC
8	neurotransmitter biosynthetic process	GO:0042136	9.46	SLC6A4 ACHE
9	positive regulation of neuron death	GO:1901216	9.43	GRIN2B FOS EGR1
10	chemical synaptic transmission	GO:0007268	9.35	PDYN MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1
11	cellular response to organic substance	GO:0071310	9.33	SLC6A4 MAPK1 EGR1
12	modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	GO:0050804	8.92	GRIN2B GRIA1 BDNF ARC

Molecular functions related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	ionotropic glutamate receptor activity	GO:0004970	9.16	GRIN2B GRIA1
2	serotonin binding	GO:0051378	8.96	SLC6A4 HTR1A
3	amyloid-beta binding	GO:0001540	8.8	GRIN2B GRIA1 ACHE

Sources

Sources for Retrograde Amnesia

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁸ NCI

⁴⁹ NCIt

⁵⁰ NDF-RT

⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NIH Rare Diseases

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM

⁵⁷ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia