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MCID: RTR001
MIFTS: 41

Retrograde Amnesia

Categories: Mental diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes
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Aliases & Classifications for Retrograde Amnesia

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Retrograde Amnesia:

Name: Retrograde Amnesia 12 74 15 71 32
Amnesia, Retrograde 74 44

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:4543
MeSH 44 D000648
NCIt 50 C34372
SNOMED-CT 67 51921000
ICD10 32 R41.2
UMLS 71 C0002624
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Summaries for Retrograde Amnesia

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Disease Ontology : 12 An amnestic disorder that involves a loss of one's pre-existing memories to conscious recollection.

MalaCards based summary : Retrograde Amnesia, also known as amnesia, retrograde, is related to anterograde amnesia and transient global amnesia, and has symptoms including forgetful and memory loss. An important gene associated with Retrograde Amnesia is SLC6A4 (Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases and CREB Pathway. Affiliated tissues include cortex, temporal lobe and amygdala, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and growth/size/body region

Wikipedia : 74 Retrograde amnesia (RA) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was... more...

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Related Diseases for Retrograde Amnesia

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Diseases related to Retrograde Amnesia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 146)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 anterograde amnesia 31.0 HTR1A GRIN2B FOS EGR1 CA4 BDNF
2 transient global amnesia 30.9 CA4 BDNF
3 amnestic disorder 30.7 POMC PDYN HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 FOS
4 cerebral hypoxia 30.5 FOS CREB1
5 temporal lobe epilepsy 29.8 PDYN HTR1A GRIN2B BDNF
6 status epilepticus 29.2 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 FOS BDNF
7 huntington disease 29.2 PDYN GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1 BDNF
8 mental depression 29.2 SLC6A4 POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
9 depression 29.0 SLC6A4 HTR1A GRIA2 GRIA1 BDNF
10 major depressive disorder 28.5 SLC6A4 POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
11 head injury 10.5
12 seizure disorder 10.4
13 dissociative amnesia 10.4
14 encephalitis 10.3
15 myofascial pain syndrome 10.3 POMC BDNF
16 trigeminal neuralgia 10.2 SLC6A4 FOS BDNF
17 paine syndrome 10.2 SLC6A4 FOS BDNF
18 diabetic encephalopathy 10.2 CREB1 BDNF
19 femoral cancer 10.2 PDYN FOS
20 dissociative disorder 10.2 SLC6A4 GRIN2B BDNF
21 amphetamine abuse 10.2 SLC6A4 ARC
22 fibromyalgia 10.2 SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
23 eating disorder 10.2 SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
24 post-traumatic stress disorder 10.2 SLC6A4 POMC BDNF
25 amelogenesis imperfecta, type ig 10.2 FOS CREB1 BDNF
26 ocular motor apraxia 10.1
27 viral encephalitis 10.1
28 herpes simplex encephalitis 10.1
29 anoxia 10.1
30 brain injury 10.1
31 traumatic brain injury 10.1
32 heroin dependence 10.1 SLC6A4 PDYN BDNF
33 inhibited male orgasm 10.1 SLC6A4 HTR1A
34 morphine dependence 10.1 PDYN FOS CREB1
35 kleptomania 10.1 SLC6A4 HTR1A
36 landau-kleffner syndrome 10.1 POMC GRIN2B
37 hyaline fibromatosis syndrome 10.1 GRIN2B GRIA1 BDNF
38 nasal cavity adenocarcinoma 10.1 POMC PDYN
39 trigeminal nerve disease 10.1 FOS BDNF
40 crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans 10.1 GRIN2B GRIA1 CREB1
41 psychosexual disorder 10.1 SLC6A4 HTR1A
42 intermittent explosive disorder 10.1 SLC6A4 HTR1A
43 wernicke-korsakoff syndrome 10.1
44 limbic encephalitis 10.1
45 mild cognitive impairment 10.1
46 aneurysm 10.1
47 substance-induced psychosis 10.0 SLC6A4 HTR1A
48 diamond-blackfan anemia 5 10.0 SLC6A4 HTR1A FOS
49 phobia, specific 10.0 SLC6A4 HTR1A BDNF
50 somatization disorder 10.0 SLC6A4 POMC HTR1A

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Retrograde Amnesia:



Diseases related to Retrograde Amnesia
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Retrograde Amnesia

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UMLS symptoms related to Retrograde Amnesia:


forgetful, memory loss

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Retrograde Amnesia:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.25 ARC BDNF CA4 CREB1 EGR1 FOS
2 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.18 ARC BDNF CA4 CREB1 EGR1 FOS
3 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.13 BDNF CA4 CREB1 EGR1 FOS GRIA1
4 mortality/aging MP:0010768 9.93 ARC BDNF CA4 CREB1 EGR1 FOS
5 integument MP:0010771 9.91 BDNF EGR1 FOS GRIA1 GRIA2 MAPK1
6 nervous system MP:0003631 9.77 ARC BDNF CREB1 EGR1 FOS GRIA1
7 no phenotypic analysis MP:0003012 9.23 ARC BDNF GRIA1 GRIA2 GRIN2B HTR1A
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Drugs & Therapeutics for Retrograde Amnesia

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Interventional clinical trials:


# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Validation of the German Short Version of the Autobiographical Memory Interview in Patients With Depression and Healthy Controls Recruiting NCT04516863

Search NIH Clinical Center for Retrograde Amnesia

Cochrane evidence based reviews: amnesia, retrograde

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Genetic Tests for Retrograde Amnesia

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Anatomical Context for Retrograde Amnesia

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Retrograde Amnesia:

40
Cortex, Temporal Lobe, Amygdala, Thalamus, Eye, Brain, Prefrontal Cortex
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Publications for Retrograde Amnesia

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Articles related to Retrograde Amnesia:

(show top 50) (show all 1206)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Loss of Consciousness is Associated with Elevated Cognitive Intra-Individual Variability Following Sports-Related Concussion. 61
32772944 2021
2
Active Forgetting: Adaptation of Memory by Prefrontal Control. 61
32928060 2021
3
A Case of Post-Traumatic Retrograde and Anterograde Loss of Autobiographical Memory in the Absence of Medial Temporal Lobe Lesion. 61
33415050 2020
4
Retrograde amnesia: A selective deficit of explicit autobiographical memory. 61
33246579 2020
5
Mechanism of seizure-induced retrograde amnesia. 61
33388373 2020
6
Optimizing and simplifying post-traumatic amnesia testing after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury despite common confounders in routine practice. 61
33222946 2020
7
Neuropsychological and neuropathological observations of a long-studied case of memory impairment. 61
33168712 2020
8
A case study investigating the role of the anterior temporal lobes in general semantics and semantics specific to persons, emotions and social conceptual knowledge. 61
33253487 2020
9
Effects of electroconvulsive shock on neuro-immune responses: Does neuro-damage occur? 61
32702550 2020
10
Artery of Percheron infarction with persistent amnesia: a case report of bilateral paramedian thalamic syndrome. 61
33032538 2020
11
The long-term risk of epilepsy after transient global amnesia: A population-based cohort study. 61
32683198 2020
12
Does hippocampal atrophy explain anterograde and retrograde amnesia following autoimmune limbic encephalitis? 61
32320116 2020
13
Acute amnestic syndrome with hippocampal lesion due to influenza B-associated encephalopathy. 61
32778968 2020
14
The benefits and costs of changing treatment technique in electroconvulsive therapy due to insufficient improvement of a major depressive episode. 61
32585354 2020
15
Using a Likelihood Heuristic to Summarize Conflicting Literature on Predictors of Clinical Outcome Following Sport-Related Concussion. 61
32941376 2020
16
Has multiple trace theory been refuted? 61
31584226 2020
17
Transient global amnesia following carotid artery stenting: A case report. 61
32528605 2020
18
Structural Connectivity and Cortical Thickness Alterations in Transient Global Amnesia. 61
32381542 2020
19
Forget the stress: retrograde amnesia for the stress-induced impairment of extinction retrieval. 61
32295837 2020
20
Transient epileptic amnesia diagnosed using long-term electroencephalography. 61
32301725 2020
21
Encoding of contextual fear memory in hippocampal-amygdala circuit. 61
32170133 2020
22
Neuropathology of a remarkable case of memory impairment informs human memory. 61
31972232 2020
23
The effect of erythropoietin on electroconvulsive stimulation induced cognitive impairment in rats. 61
31954736 2020
24
Retrograde Amnesia Associated With Intraoperative Neuromonitoring. 61
32028375 2020
25
Effects of magnetic seizure therapy on anterograde and retrograde amnesia in treatment-resistant depression. 61
31682325 2020
26
Retrograde amnesia with transposition in the past: A neuropsychological and PET study of a case. 61
31789565 2020
27
Emotional memory in bipolar disorder: Impact of multiple episodes and childhood trauma. 61
31505398 2020
28
Post-concussion Vulnerability to Transient Global Amnesia. 61
33262736 2020
29
Impaired episodic simulation in a patient with visual memory deficit amnesia. 61
32964130 2020
30
Lost or unavailable? Exploring mechanisms that affect retrograde memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients. 61
31571005 2020
31
Sleep Terrors: An Updated Review. 61
31612833 2020
32
Influence of midazolam-related genetic polymorphism on conscious sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a Korean population. 61
31690757 2019
33
Anomalies of Autobiographical Memory. 61
31474234 2019
34
Comparison of Three Anxiety Management Protocols for Extraction of Third Molars With the Use of Midazolam, Diazepam, and Nitrous Oxide: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 61
31319053 2019
35
Transient Global Amnesia in a 60-year-old female with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. 61
31728239 2019
36
Hippocampal Damage Causes Retrograde Amnesia and Slower Acquisition of a Cue-Place Discrimination in a Concurrent Cue-Place Water Task in Rats. 61
31195054 2019
37
Smell your memories: Positive effect of odor exposure on recent and remote autobiographical memories in Alzheimer's disease. 61
30890017 2019
38
Parallel pathways of seizure generalization. 61
31237945 2019
39
Sport-Related Structural Brain Injury in High School Soccer: Epidural Hemorrhage After a "Header". 61
30928598 2019
40
Amyloid β1-42-Induced Rapid Zn2+ Influx into Dentate Granule Cells Attenuates Maintained LTP Followed by Retrograde Amnesia. 61
30460616 2019
41
Muscarinic activity in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex is crucial for spatial and fear memory retrieval. 61
31003156 2019
42
Retrograde Autobiographical Memory From PTA Emergence to Six-Month Follow-Up in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
30404534 2019
43
The Long-Term Risk of Dementia after Transient Global Amnesia: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan. 61
31422402 2019
44
Postictal pure retrograde amnesia. 61
29779850 2018
45
Postictal pure retrograde amnesia: Response. 61
30442449 2018
46
Memory integration: An alternative to the consolidation/reconsolidation hypothesis. 61
30343034 2018
47
[Cognitive deficits associated with electroconvulsive therapy for depression: moderating factors and neuropsychological tests]. 61
30654401 2018
48
Temporary Memory Steal: Transient Global Amnesia Secondary to Nephrolithiasis. 61
30443620 2018
49
Isolated Fornix Infarction with Damage to the Limbic System as a Cause of Persistent Amnesia: A Case Report. 61
30459298 2018
50
Retrograde Personal Semantic Memory During Post-Traumatic Amnesia and Following Emergence. 61
30196802 2018
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Variations for Retrograde Amnesia

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Expression for Retrograde Amnesia

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Retrograde Amnesia.
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Pathways for Retrograde Amnesia

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Pathways related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 58)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases 36
Show member pathways
 13.41 PDYN MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
2
CREB Pathway 63
Show member pathways
 13.29 MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
3
G-Beta Gamma Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 12.98 POMC MAPK1 FOS CREB1 BDNF
4
Transmission across Chemical Synapses 65
Show member pathways
 12.96 SLC6A4 NPTN MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
5
Development Angiotensin activation of ERK 23
Show member pathways
 12.78 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
6
Circadian entrainment 36
Show member pathways
 12.74 MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 FOS CREB1
7
Development HGF signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 12.7 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1 BDNF
8
nNOS Signaling in Skeletal Muscle 63
Show member pathways
 12.62 PDYN MAPK1 FOS CREB1
9
Relaxin signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.62 POMC MAPK1 FOS CREB1
10
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 65
Show member pathways
 12.51 POMC PDYN MAPK1 CREB1
11
Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons 63
Show member pathways
 12.51 PDYN MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 FOS
12
B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway (sino) 66
Show member pathways
 12.42 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
13
Neuroscience 4
12.39 POMC HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 EGR1
14
Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway 63
12.35 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
15
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection 36
12.33 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
16
G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme) 23
Show member pathways
 12.29 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
17
GDNF-Family Ligands and Receptor Interactions 63
Show member pathways
 12.19 MAPK1 FOS CREB1 BDNF
18
Post NMDA receptor activation events 65
Show member pathways
 12.19 MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
19
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.13 SLC6A4 HTR1A EGR1 CREB1 BDNF
20
Spinocerebellar ataxia 36
12.09 PDYN GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
21
Osteoclast differentiation 36
12 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
22
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.99 PDYN MAPK1 FOS EGR1 BDNF
23
Serotonergic synapse 36
11.95 SLC6A4 MAPK1 HTR1A
24
Parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action 36
11.94 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
25
TNF signaling pathway 36
11.93 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
26
Long-term potentiation 36
Show member pathways
 11.93 MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
27
ErbB1 downstream signaling 1
11.92 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
28
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) signaling pathway 1
11.92 MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 FOS EGR1
29
Nuclear Events (kinase and transcription factor activation) 65
Show member pathways
 11.87 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
30
Corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway 1
11.87 POMC MAPK1 FOS CREB1
31
TGF-beta Signaling Pathways 64
11.86 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
32
Immune response IL-2 activation and signaling pathway 23
Show member pathways
 11.85 MAPK1 FOS EGR1
33
MAPK Signaling: Oxidative Stress Pathway 64
11.77 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
34
Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling 23
Show member pathways
 11.76 PDYN GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 CREB1
35
Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) signaling pathway 1
11.68 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
36
Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network 1
11.68 POMC MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
37
MECP2 and Associated Rett Syndrome 1
11.65 GRIA1 CREB1 BDNF
38
Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells 1
Show member pathways
 11.64 MAPK1 FOS EGR1
39
Long-term depression 36
11.63 MAPK1 GRIA2 GRIA1
40
Amphetamine addiction 36
Show member pathways
 11.63 PDYN GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 FOS CREB1
41
cAMP signaling pathway 36
11.61 POMC MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
42
ATF-2 transcription factor network 1
11.59 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
43
Melanocyte Development and Pigmentation 63
11.44 POMC MAPK1 CREB1
44
Nicotine addiction 36
11.42 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
45
Development_Hedgehog and PTH signaling pathways in bone and cartilage development 23
11.41 FOS EGR1 CREB1
46
Immune response_IL-6 signaling pathway 23
11.33 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
47
BDNF-TrkB Signaling 1
11.3 MAPK1 CREB1 BDNF ARC
48
Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway 1
Show member pathways
 11.25 MAPK1 FOS EGR1 CREB1
49
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) signaling pathway 1
11.24 MAPK1 CREB1 BDNF
50
Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades 23
Show member pathways
 11.21 POMC MAPK1 FOS EGR1
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GO Terms for Retrograde Amnesia

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Cellular components related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cell junction GO:0030054 9.88 SLC6A4 NPTN GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 ARC
2 postsynaptic membrane GO:0045211 9.67 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 ARC
3 postsynaptic density GO:0014069 9.63 NPTN MAPK1 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 ARC
4 postsynapse GO:0098794 9.61 GRIA2 GRIA1 BDNF
5 postsynaptic density membrane GO:0098839 9.56 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1 ARC
6 synapse GO:0045202 9.56 SLC6A4 PDYN NPTN HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2
7 synaptic membrane GO:0097060 9.5 NPTN GRIN2B GRIA1
8 dendrite GO:0030425 9.17 PDYN NPTN HTR1A GRIA2 GRIA1 BDNF

Biological processes related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 response to toxic substance GO:0009636 9.63 SLC6A4 MAPK1 FOS
2 memory GO:0007613 9.61 SLC6A4 CREB1 BDNF
3 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0050804 9.58 NPTN BDNF ARC
4 positive regulation of neuron death GO:1901216 9.54 GRIN2B FOS EGR1
5 regulation of NMDA receptor activity GO:2000310 9.5 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
6 vasoconstriction GO:0042310 9.48 SLC6A4 HTR1A
7 cellular response to organic substance GO:0071310 9.43 SLC6A4 MAPK1 EGR1
8 ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway GO:0035235 9.33 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
9 long-term synaptic potentiation GO:0060291 9.26 NPTN MAPK1 GRIN2B ARC
10 chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268 9.1 PDYN MAPK1 HTR1A GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1

Molecular functions related to Retrograde Amnesia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 double-stranded DNA binding GO:0003690 9.54 MAPK1 FOS CREB1
2 amyloid-beta binding GO:0001540 9.43 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
3 serotonin binding GO:0051378 9.32 SLC6A4 HTR1A
4 AMPA glutamate receptor activity GO:0004971 9.16 GRIA2 GRIA1
5 ligand-gated ion channel activity GO:0015276 9.13 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
6 ionotropic glutamate receptor activity GO:0004970 8.8 GRIN2B GRIA2 GRIA1
Sources

Sources for Retrograde Amnesia

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Mar-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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