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MCID: SLP006
MIFTS: 69

Sleep Apnea

Categories: Mental diseases, Neuronal diseases, Respiratory diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Sleep Apnea

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Sleep Apnea:

Name: Sleep Apnea 12 53 29 6 42 15 62 17
Sleep Apnea Syndromes 43 71

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Mental diseases Respiratory diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:0050847
ICD9CM 34 780.57
MeSH 43 D012891
NCIt 49 C26884
SNOMED-CT 67 73430006
ICD10 32 G47.3
UMLS 71 C0037315
Sources

Summaries for Sleep Apnea

About this section
NINDS : 53 Sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder characterized by brief interruptions of breathing during sleep.  These episodes usually last 10 seconds or more and occur repeatedly throughout the night.  People with sleep apnea will partially awaken as they struggle to breathe, but in the morning they will not be aware of the disturbances in their sleep.  The most common type of sleep apnea is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), caused by relaxation of soft tissue in the back of the throat that blocks the passage of air.  Central sleep apnea (CSA) is caused by irregularities in the brain’s normal signals to breathe.  Most people with sleep apnea will have a combination of both types.  The hallmark symptom of the disorder is excessive daytime sleepiness. Additional symptoms of sleep apnea include restless sleep, loud snoring (with periods of silence followed by gasps), falling asleep during the day, morning headaches, trouble concentrating, irritability, forgetfulness, mood or behavior changes, anxiety, and depression.  Not everyone who has these symptoms will have sleep apnea, but it is recommended that people who are experiencing even a few of these symptoms visit their doctor for evaluation.  Sleep apnea is more likely to occur in men than women, and in people who are overweight or obese.

MalaCards based summary : Sleep Apnea, also known as sleep apnea syndromes, is related to central sleep apnea and obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, and has symptoms including seizures, dyspnea and tremor. An important gene associated with Sleep Apnea is AHDC1 (AT-Hook DNA Binding Motif Containing 1), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Signaling by GPCR and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.. The drugs Spironolactone and Lansoprazole have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, testes and endothelial, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and homeostasis/metabolism

Disease Ontology : 12 A sleep disorder characterized by repeated cessation and commencing of breathing that repeatedly disrupts sleep.

MedlinePlus : 42 Sleep apnea is a common disorder that causes your breathing to stop or get very shallow. Breathing pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes. They may occur 30 times or more an hour. The most common type is obstructive sleep apnea. It causes your airway to collapse or become blocked during sleep. Normal breathing starts again with a snort or choking sound. People with sleep apnea often snore loudly. However, not everyone who snores has sleep apnea. You are more at risk for sleep apnea if you are overweight, male, or have a family history or small airways. Children with enlarged tonsils or adenoids may also get it. Doctors diagnose sleep apnea based on medical and family histories, a physical exam, and sleep study results. When your sleep is interrupted throughout the night, you can be drowsy during the day. People with sleep apnea are at higher risk for car crashes, work-related accidents, and other medical problems. If you have it, it is important to get treatment. Lifestyle changes, mouthpieces, surgery, and breathing devices can treat sleep apnea in many people. NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

PubMed Health : 62 About sleep apnea: Sleep apnea (AP-ne-ah) is a common disorder in which you have one or more pauses in breathing or shallow breaths while you sleep. Breathing pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes. They may occur 30 times or more an hour. Typically, normal breathing then starts again, sometimes with a loud snort or choking sound. Sleep apnea usually is a chronic (ongoing) condition that disrupts your sleep. When your breathing pauses or becomes shallow, you’ll often move out of deep sleep and into light sleep. As a result, the quality of your sleep is poor, which makes you tired during the day. Sleep apnea is a leading cause of excessive daytime sleepiness.

Wikipedia : 74 Sleep apnea, also spelled sleep apnoea, is a sleep disorder where a person has pauses in breathing or... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Sleep Apnea

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Diseases in the Sleep Apnea family:

Central Sleep Apnea

Diseases related to Sleep Apnea via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1300)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 central sleep apnea 34.9 REN NPPB NOS3 LEP HCRT CRP
2 obesity-hypoventilation syndrome 33.6 LEP IL6 ADIPOQ
3 acromegaly 33.1 LEP INS IGF1 GHRL ADIPOQ
4 polycystic ovary syndrome 33.0 LEP INS IGF1 GHRL CRP ADIPOQ
5 apnea, obstructive sleep 32.9 TNF REN NPPB NOS3 LEP INS
6 sleep disorder 32.3 TNF REN LEP INS IL6 IGF1
7 impotence 32.0 NOS3 INS EDN1 ACE
8 lipid metabolism disorder 32.0 LEP INS IL6 CRP APOE ADIPOQ
9 mental depression 31.8 TNF IL6 HTR2A CRP
10 atrial fibrillation 31.8 REN NPPB NOS3 INS IL6 CRP
11 optic nerve disease 31.8 TNF IL6 EDN1 CRP ACE
12 pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive 31.8 TNF NPPB INS IL6 CXCL8 CRP
13 gastroesophageal reflux 31.8 TNF IL6 HTR2A GHRL CXCL8 ADIPOQ
14 tonsillitis 31.7 TNF IL6 CXCL8
15 sudden infant death syndrome 31.7 TNF IL6 HTR2A CXCL8
16 intracranial hypertension 31.7 TNF NPPB ADIPOQ
17 fatty liver disease 31.7 TNF LEP INS IL6 CXCL8 CRP
18 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 31.6 TNF LEP INS IL6 CXCL8 CRP
19 restless legs syndrome 31.6 NPPB HIF1A HCRT EPO
20 congestive heart failure 31.6 TNF REN NPPB NOS3 INS IL6
21 ankylosis 31.6 TNF HIF1A EDN1 CRP
22 liver disease 31.6 TNF LEP INS IL6 CXCL8 ADIPOQ
23 ischemia 31.6 NPPB NOS3 HIF1A EPO EDN1 ACE
24 pustulosis of palm and sole 31.6 TNF CXCL8 CRP
25 nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy 31.6 NOS3 EDN1 CRP ACE
26 hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 31.5 NOS3 INS CRP APOE ACE
27 mood disorder 31.5 IL6 HTR2A HIF1A ACE
28 patent foramen ovale 31.5 REN NPPB EDN1 CRP ACE
29 post-traumatic stress disorder 31.5 HTR2A CRP APOE ADIPOQ
30 fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic 1 31.5 LEP INS ADIPOQ
31 stroke, ischemic 31.5 TNF REN NPPB NOS3 IL6 CRP
32 conjunctivitis 31.5 TNF IL6 CXCL8
33 open-angle glaucoma 31.5 TNF NOS3 EDN1 APOE
34 spinal cord injury 31.4 TNF LEP IL6 CXCL8
35 lung disease 31.4 TNF NPPB INS IL6 EDN1 CXCL8
36 narcolepsy 31.4 TNF LEP IL6 HTR2A HCRT GHRL
37 intermediate coronary syndrome 31.4 INS IL6 CRP ACE
38 periodontitis 31.4 TNF IL6 CXCL8 CRP
39 coronary heart disease 1 31.4 NPPB NOS3 INS IL6 EDN1 CRP
40 bronchitis 31.4 TNF IL6 CXCL8 CRP
41 dementia 31.4 TNF HTR2A HCRT APOE ACE
42 retinal vein occlusion 31.3 TNF IL6 EDN1 CXCL8 ACE
43 gout 31.3 TNF INS IL6 CXCL8
44 cardiac arrest 31.3 REN NPPB EPO APOE ACE
45 covid-19 31.3 IL6 CRP ACE
46 cerebrovascular disease 31.3 TNF REN NPPB LEP INS IL6
47 thyroiditis 31.3 TNF INS IL6
48 acute myocardial infarction 31.3 TNF REN NPPB IL6 EDN1 CRP
49 autoimmune disease 31.3 TNF INS IL6 CXCL8 CRP
50 otitis media 31.3 TNF IL6 CXCL8 CRP

Comorbidity relations with Sleep Apnea via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Bronchitis Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease
Familial Atrial Fibrillation Heart Disease
Hypertension, Essential Hypothyroidism
Pulmonary Hypertension, Primary, 1 Respiratory Failure

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Sleep Apnea:



Diseases related to Sleep Apnea
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Sleep Apnea

About this section

UMLS symptoms related to Sleep Apnea:


seizures, dyspnea, tremor, back pain, apnea, headache, syncope, excessive daytime somnolence, pain, wheezing, chronic pain, sciatica, snoring, sleep disturbances, cheyne-stokes respiration, coughing, vertigo/dizziness, sleeplessness, labored breathing, insomnia with sleep apnea, unspecified, hypersomnia with sleep apnea, unspecified, disruption of 24 hour sleep wake cycle, unspecified

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Sleep Apnea:

45 (show all 18)
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.43 ACE ADIPOQ APOE CRP EDN1 EPO
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.4 ACE ADIPOQ APOE CRP EDN1 EPO
3 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.38 ACE ADIPOQ APOE GHRL HCRT HIF1A
4 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.35 ACE ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 GHRL HIF1A
5 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.34 ACE ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 HCRT HIF1A
6 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.29 ACE ADIPOQ APOE EPO HIF1A IGF1
7 immune system MP:0005387 10.29 ACE ADIPOQ APOE CRP EPO HIF1A
8 adipose tissue MP:0005375 10.27 ACE ADIPOQ APOE GHRL IGF1 IL6
9 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 10.25 APOE EDN1 GHRL HIF1A HTR2A IL6
10 muscle MP:0005369 10.21 ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 EPO HCRT HIF1A
11 integument MP:0010771 10.11 ADIPOQ APOE EPO HIF1A IGF1 IL6
12 liver/biliary system MP:0005370 10.1 ACE ADIPOQ APOE EPO HIF1A IL6
13 nervous system MP:0003631 10.03 ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 HCRT HIF1A IGF1
14 limbs/digits/tail MP:0005371 9.98 APOE EPO HIF1A IGF1 LEP NOS3
15 renal/urinary system MP:0005367 9.9 ACE ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 HIF1A IGF1
16 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.87 ACE ADIPOQ HIF1A IGF1 IL6 LEP
17 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.65 ADIPOQ APOE EPO HCRT HIF1A IGF1
18 skeleton MP:0005390 9.4 ADIPOQ APOE EDN1 EPO HIF1A HTR2A
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Sleep Apnea

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PubMed Health treatment related to Sleep Apnea: 62

Sleep apnea is treated with lifestyle changes, mouthpieces, breathing devices, and surgery . Medicines typically aren't used to treat the condition. The goals of treating sleep apnea are to: Restore regular breathing during sleep Relieve symptoms such as loud snoring and daytime sleepiness Treatment may improve other medical problems linked to sleep apnea, such as high blood pressure . Treatment also can reduce your risk for heart disease , stroke , and diabetes . If you have sleep apnea, talk with your doctor or sleep specialist about the treatment options that will work best for you. Lifestyle changes and/or mouthpieces may relieve mild sleep apnea. People who have moderate or severe sleep apnea may need breathing devices or surgery . If you continue to have daytime sleepiness despite treatment , your doctor may ask whether you're getting enough sleep . (Adults should get at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep; children and teens need more. For more information, go to the Health Topics Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency article.) If treatment and enough sleep don't relieve your daytime sleepiness, your doctor will consider other treatment options.

Drugs for Sleep Apnea (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 445)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Spironolactone Approved Phase 4 52-01-7, 1952-01-7 5833
2
Lansoprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 103577-45-3 3883
3
Dexlansoprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 103577-45-3, 138530-94-6 9578005
4
Opium Approved, Illicit Phase 4 8008-60-4
5
Guanfacine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 29110-47-2 3519
6
Clonidine Approved Phase 4 4205-90-7 2803
7
Tamsulosin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 106133-20-4 129211
8
Phentermine Approved, Illicit Phase 4 122-09-8 4771
9
Topiramate Approved Phase 4 97240-79-4 5284627
10
Nebivolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 99200-09-6, 118457-14-0, 152520-56-4 71301
11
Xylometazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 526-36-3 5709
12
Paroxetine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 61869-08-7 43815
13
Sodium citrate Approved, Investigational Phase 4 68-04-2
14
Adalimumab Approved Phase 4 331731-18-1 16219006
15
Donepezil Approved Phase 4 120014-06-4 3152
16
Ketamine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 6740-88-1 3821
17
Furosemide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 54-31-9 3440
18
Budesonide Approved Phase 4 51333-22-3 63006 5281004
19
Oxymetazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1491-59-4 4636
20
Phenylephrine Approved Phase 4 59-42-7 6041
21
Atropine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 51-55-8, 5908-99-6 174174
22
Pantoprazole Approved Phase 4 102625-70-7 4679
23
Testosterone enanthate Approved Phase 4 315-37-7 9416
24
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational Phase 4 5949-44-0
25
Methyltestosterone Approved Phase 4 58-18-4 6010
26
Hydrochlorothiazide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 58-93-5 3639
27
Eplerenone Approved Phase 4 107724-20-9 150310 443872
28
Rabeprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 117976-89-3 5029
29
Octreotide Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83150-76-9 383414 6400441
30
Doxepin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1668-19-5 667477 667468
31
Interferon beta-1b Approved Phase 4 145155-23-3
32
Interferon beta-1a Approved, Investigational Phase 4 145258-61-3 6438354
33
Lacosamide Approved Phase 4 175481-36-4, 860352-01-8 219078
34
Magnesium Sulfate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 7487-88-9 24083
35
Dutasteride Approved, Investigational Phase 4 164656-23-9 152945 6918296
36
Desflurane Approved Phase 4 57041-67-5 42113
37
Sevoflurane Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 28523-86-6 5206
38
Eszopiclone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 138729-47-2 969472
39
Liraglutide Approved Phase 4 204656-20-2 44147092
40
Tramadol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 27203-92-5 33741
41
Levodopa Approved Phase 4 59-92-7 6047
42
Carbidopa Approved Phase 4 28860-95-9 34359
43
Dopamine Approved Phase 4 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
44
Finasteride Approved Phase 4 98319-26-7 57363
45
Neostigmine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 59-99-4 4456
46
Ropivacaine Approved Phase 4 84057-95-4 71273 175805
47
Nitrous oxide Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 10024-97-2 948
48
Hydroxychloroquine Approved Phase 4 118-42-3 3652
49
Amiodarone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1951-25-3 2157
50
Losartan Approved Phase 4 114798-26-4 3961

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 2420)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Nebivolol Treatment on Arterial Blood Pressure and Endothelial Function in Hypertensive OSA Patients. Unknown status NCT01771406 Phase 4 Nebivolol
2 Effects of the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation on the Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiac Morpho-Functional Characteristics in Sleep Apnea Syndrome Unknown status NCT00517777 Phase 4
3 A Randomized Cross Over Trial of Two Treatments for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Veterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Unknown status NCT01535586 Phase 4
4 Blood Pressure Reduction Induced by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in Sleep Apnea Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk : A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Usual CPAP Care Versus a Multidisciplinary and Coordinated Follow-up Based on a Telemonitoring Web Platform Unknown status NCT01505959 Phase 4
5 Adaptative Servoventilation Compliance in Left Ventricular Dysfunction Patients With Central Sleep Apnea: Benefit of One Month Hypnotic (Zopiclone) Versus Placebo Unknown status NCT02820441 Phase 4 Zopiclone;Placebo
6 Donepezil Treatment for Sleep Apnea Patients: A Double Blind Placebo-Controlled Study Unknown status NCT00912457 Phase 4 donepezil;placebo
7 Multidisciplinary and Coordinated Follow-up Based on a Telemonitoring Web Platform for Improving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Compliance in Low Cardiovascular Risk Sleep Apnea Patients Unknown status NCT01796769 Phase 4
8 Inflammatory Response to Anti Inflammatory Therapy in Children With Sleep Disordered Breathing Unknown status NCT00299910 Phase 4 Montelukast
9 Comparison of the Pentax AWS® With the Macintosh Laryngoscope for Tracheal Intubation in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: a Randomized Comparative Study Unknown status NCT01428570 Phase 4
10 Cost-utility Study of CPAP Treatment in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Unknown status NCT01590420 Phase 4
11 PROMAD : Predicting Therapeutic Outcome of Mandibular Advancement Device Treatment in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Unknown status NCT01532050 Phase 4
12 Open, Prospective Study for the Validation of the Predictive Value of Upper Airway Segmentation and CFD Analysis on Outcome Parameters of the Mandibular Replacement Appliance (MRA) Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome OSAHS) Patients Unknown status NCT01524510 Phase 4
13 Effect of Acetazolamide on Central Sleep Apnea Related to Opium Consumption Unknown status NCT02371473 Phase 4 Acetazolamide-placebo;Placebo-acetazolamide
14 The Effect of Nasal CPAP in Patients With Chronic Fatigue and Sleep-disordered Breathing Unknown status NCT01368718 Phase 4
15 A Placebo Controlled Double Blinded Crossover Study of the Antihypertensive Efficacy of Guanfacine vs Hydrochlorothiazide in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Associated Hypertension Unknown status NCT02699125 Phase 4 Guanfacine;Hydrochlorothiazide
16 Sleep Disordered Breathing in TIA/Ischemic Stroke: Effects on Short- and Long-term Outcome and CPAP Treatment Efficacy: an Open, Observational, Clinical, Multicentre Trial With a Randomized Arm Unknown status NCT01097967 Phase 4
17 A Comparison Between Two Different Oral Appliance Therapies: Somnodent vs Herbst Appliance in Patients With Mild and Moderate OSA Unknown status NCT02724865 Phase 4
18 Comparing Treatment Efficacy With High and Medium Dose of Fluticasone in Combination With Salmeterol in COPD Patients Unknown status NCT01657487 Phase 4 Fluticasone/Salmeterol high dose
19 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Dexlansoprazole to Treat Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Lingual Tonsil Hypertrophy Unknown status NCT01328652 Phase 4 dexlansoprazole
20 Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control in Adults: a Randomized Prospective Study Unknown status NCT02358850 Phase 4 Norco (Hydrocodone and Acetaminophen);Percocet (Oxycodone and Acetaminophen);Dilaudid (hydromorphone);Tylenol (Acetaminophen)
21 Multicenter Study of Patients With Hypertension Resistant to Patient Identification and Standardization of Therapeutic Unknown status NCT01643434 Phase 4 Spironolactone;Clonidine
22 Donepezil for Residual Symptoms in CPAP Treated Obstructive Sleepapnea Patients: A Controlled Study Unknown status NCT03299257 Phase 4 donepezil treatment
23 Pilot Study: The Effect of Rozerem on Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT01207050 Phase 4 Ramelteon
24 Behavior and Exercise Versus Drug Treatment in Men With Nocturia Unknown status NCT00824200 Phase 4 tamsulosin (alpha-adrenergic antagonist medication);placebo
25 Prospective Randomized Equivalence Trial Comparing the Analgesic Efficacy of Ofirmev® Compared to a 1.5 Gram Dose of Oral Acetaminophen for Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Unknown status NCT01711229 Phase 4 IV acetaminophen;oral acetaminophen
26 Vasoactive Hormones During the Night in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Before and After Treatment With CPAP. Completed NCT00360659 Phase 4
27 The Effect of Trazodone on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Insomnic Stroke Patients With Depression Completed NCT04162743 Phase 4 Trazodone;Placebo oral tablet
28 Treatment of Patients With the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome at Altitude Completed NCT00714740 Phase 4 acetazolamide
29 Cardiovascular Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Normotensive Patients and the Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Completed NCT00741520 Phase 4
30 Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Study Completed NCT02295202 Phase 4
31 Respiratory Impact of Short Life Agents Used in Balanced Anesthesia on Patients Suffering or Suspected of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Syndrome Completed NCT02717780 Phase 4 Fentanyl and sevoflurane;Remifentanil and desflurane
32 Does Nasal Decongestion Improve Obstructive Sleep Apnea ? Completed NCT00630474 Phase 4 xylometazoline
33 Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Acetazolamide for Treatment of Patients With the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome at Altitude Completed NCT00928655 Phase 4 acetazolamide;placebo
34 Impact of Intrathecal Morphine on Sleep Apnea Syndrome After Hip Arthroplasty Performed Under Spinal Anaesthesia Completed NCT02566226 Phase 4 Bupivacaine with normal saline;Bupivacaine with intrathecal morphine
35 Serotonin and the Upper Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Completed NCT00100464 Phase 4 Paroxetine;5HTP
36 Efficacy of Sibutramine-induced Weight Loss vs. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in the Treatment of Obese Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Completed NCT00729963 Phase 4 Sibutramine
37 Randomized, Double-blind Study to Compare Safety and Effectiveness of the ProventTM Professional Sleep Apnea Therapy Device to Sham for the Non-invasive Treatment of OSAH Completed NCT00772044 Phase 4
38 Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Armodafinil for Adults With Excessive Sleepiness Associated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome With Major Depressive Disorder or Dysthymic Disorder Completed NCT00518986 Phase 4 armodafinil;placebo
39 CPAP Effect on Nocturnal Evolution of Chemosensitivity Determinants in Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Patients With Isolated Nocturnal Hypertension or Day-nigh Sustained Hypertension Completed NCT02398032 Phase 4
40 Effect of CPAP on Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Morbi-Mortality in Patients With Sleep Apnea and Without Daytime Sleepiness Completed NCT00127348 Phase 4
41 Effect Of Nasal CPAP On Glycemic Control In Patients With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes And Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome Completed NCT01801150 Phase 4
42 Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab in Patients With Psoriasis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Completed NCT01181570 Phase 4 Adalimumab;Placebo
43 Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on Blood Pressure Control of Resistant Hypertension Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Completed NCT01508754 Phase 4
44 Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Trial of the Effects of Orally Administered Xyrem (Sodium Oxybate) and Zolpidem on Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Completed NCT00086281 Phase 4 Xyrem (X);Zolpidem (Z);Modafinil (M);Placebo (P)
45 Nitrate and Oxidative Stress in Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Completed NCT00547937 Phase 4
46 Ketamine Infusion for Pediatric Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome After Tonsillectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT02425202 Phase 4 Ketamine
47 The Effect of Sodium-Restricted Diet and Diuretic in the Severe Sleep Apnea: a Randomized Controlled Trial - DESALT Study Completed NCT01945801 Phase 4 Lasilactone;Placebo
48 Pillar Palatal Implant System Multi-Institutional, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Completed NCT00307957 Phase 4
49 Mechanism of Action of Fluticasone Furoate in Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Completed NCT00603044 Phase 4 fluticasone furoate
50 Efficacy of Oral Leukotriene in Long Term Therapy of Mild and Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in Children Completed NCT00912171 Phase 4 budesonide (Aircort 50 nasal spray);montelukast (Singulair)

Search NIH Clinical Center for Sleep Apnea

Cochrane evidence based reviews: sleep apnea syndromes

Sources

Genetic Tests for Sleep Apnea

About this section

Genetic tests related to Sleep Apnea:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Sleep Apnea 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Sleep Apnea

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Sleep Apnea:

40
Heart, Testes, Endothelial, Tongue, Brain, Lung, Kidney
Sources

Publications for Sleep Apnea

About this section

Articles related to Sleep Apnea:

(show top 50) (show all 30001)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review. 61 42
32286648 2020
2
Photobiomodulation by low-level laser therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: Study protocol clinical trial (SPIRIT compliant). 42 61
32195961 2020
3
Association Between Periodontal Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: What the Periodontist Should Know. 61 42
32125167 2020
4
Why most patients do not exhibit obstructive sleep apnea after mandibular setback surgery? 61
32206666 2020
5
Current status of surgery-first approach (part III): the use of 3D technology and the implication in obstructive sleep apnea. 61
32064240 2020
6
Review of systematic reviews on mandibular advancement oral appliance for obstructive sleep apnea: The importance of long-term follow-up. 61
31871511 2020
7
Estimation of the hyperelastic parameters of fresh human oropharyngeal soft tissues using indentation testing. 61
32469719 2020
8
The common denominators of sleep, obesity, and psychopathology. 61
31835070 2020
9
Sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation - A different kind of rhythm. 61
32566720 2020
10
Sleep endoscopy findings in children in supine versus left lateral position. 61
32361256 2020
11
Multiple environmental and psychosocial work risk factors and sleep disturbances. 61
31955238 2020
12
"Operator syndrome": A unique constellation of medical and behavioral health-care needs of military special operation forces. 61
32052666 2020
13
The mutagenic effect of psychostimulant modafinil in Wistar rats in vivo. 61
30293447 2020
14
Intracranial hypertension and cortical thickness in syndromic craniosynostosis. 61
32060907 2020
15
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and financial burden in younger adults hospitalized with atrial fibrillation. 61
32085871 2020
16
Role of Zinc Supplementation on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Various Organs. 61
31828721 2020
17
Exploration of the Association Between Obesity and Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Children with Mild or Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome. 61
32413675 2020
18
In reference to Inclusion of the first cervical nerve does not influence outcomes in upper airway stimulation for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. 61
31913504 2020
19
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in subjects with sleep disorders. 61
32173186 2020
20
A real-world assessment of asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis. 61
32171930 2020
21
Correlations between disease-specific quality of life and polysomnographic findings in children with obstructive sleep apnea. 61
32402922 2020
22
Cerebral white matter diffusion properties and free-water with obstructive sleep apnea severity in older adults. 61
32166865 2020
23
Obstructive sleep apnea is not an independent determinant of testosterone in men. 61
32348955 2020
24
In-depth surveillance of central sleep apnea in stable heart failure patients. 61
32474404 2020
25
Impact of nasal resistance on the distribution of apneas and hypopneas in obstructive sleep apnea. 61
32502854 2020
26
Ultrasound Shear-Wave Elastography of the Tongue in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. 61
32402674 2020
27
Sleep Apnea Testing and Management in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Why is it So Difficult? 61
32541607 2020
28
Pathology of unexpected sudden cardiac death: Obstructive sleep apnea is part of the challenge. 61
32371340 2020
29
Obstructive sleep apnea and susceptibility to sudden cardiac death: A single player for both conditions? 61
32375086 2020
30
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Infants During the First Year of Life: What the Pediatrician Needs to Know. 61
32274936 2020
31
Qualitative Assessment of the Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on the Nasal Cavity. 61
32102551 2020
32
Evaluation of symptoms of preopoperative and postoperative psychosomatic screening in children with adenoidectomy and adenotonsillectomy. 61
32387709 2020
33
Outcomes in children with down syndrome and mild obstructive sleep apnea treated non-surgically. 61
31603543 2020
34
The Effectiveness of Palate Re-Repair for Treating Velopharyngeal Insufficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 61
32070129 2020
35
Premortem Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Diagnoses in Professional Football. 61
32281676 2020
36
Association of cervical spondylosis with obstructive sleep apnea. 61
32502850 2020
37
Heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction in adult congenital heart disease. 61
31873841 2020
38
Defining Risk of Postoperative Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With 22q11.2DS Undergoing Pharyngeal Flap Surgery for Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Using Polysomnographic Evaluation. 61
31973553 2020
39
Intracranial Epidural Abscess in a 9-Year-Old Boy With Precocious Puberty and Use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. 61
32223497 2020
40
Maternal history of recurrent pregnancy loss increases the risk for long-term pediatric respiratory morbidity of the offspring. 61
32426952 2020
41
Neurophysiological monitoring of tongue muscle activation during hypoglossal nerve stimulation. 61
31742709 2020
42
Meta-Analysis Comparing Outcomes of Therapies for Patients With Central Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. 61
32430162 2020
43
Brief digital sleep questionnaire powered by machine learning prediction models identifies common sleep disorders. 61
32502852 2020
44
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery. 61
32124219 2020
45
Atypical lymphoid hyperplasia in a patient undergoing tonsillectomy for severe obstructive sleep apnea. 61
32361254 2020
46
Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nighttime Blood Pressure in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study. 61
32492711 2020
47
Psychosocial, behavioral and clinical correlates of children with overweight and obesity. 61
32522176 2020
48
Automatic snoring sounds detection from sleep sounds based on deep learning. 61
32378124 2020
49
Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in a Cohort of Adult Fontan Patients. 61
32577770 2020
50
Role of serotonergic dorsal raphe neurons in hypercapnia-induced arousals. 61
32488015 2020
Sources

Variations for Sleep Apnea

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Sleep Apnea:

6 ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎ ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 AHDC1 NM_001029882.3(AHDC1):c.2371_2372TG[1] (p.Cys791fs)short repeat Pathogenic 133326 rs587779766 1:27876253-27876254 1:27549742-27549743
2 AHDC1 NM_001029882.3(AHDC1):c.2898del (p.Tyr967fs)deletion Pathogenic 133327 rs587779767 1:27875729-27875729 1:27549218-27549218
3 AHDC1 NM_001029882.3(AHDC1):c.2547del (p.Ser850fs)deletion Pathogenic 133328 rs587779768 1:27876080-27876080 1:27549569-27549569
4 46;XX;t(2;11)(q11.2;p13)dnTranslocation Pathogenic 267861
5 MT-CO3 NC_012920.1:m.9355A>TSNV Uncertain significance 523307 rs1556423663 MT:9355-9355 MT:9355-9355
Sources

Expression for Sleep Apnea

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Sleep Apnea.
Sources

Pathways for Sleep Apnea

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Pathways related to Sleep Apnea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 43)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Signaling by GPCR 65
Show member pathways
 14.15 TNF NOS3 LEP INS IL6 IGF1
2
Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins. 65
Show member pathways
 13.27 TNF NPPB LEP INS IL6 CXCL8
3
p70S6K Signaling 63
Show member pathways
 13.03 REN INS IL6 IGF1 HIF1A ACE
4
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.96 TNF NOS3 INS IL6 IGF1 EPO
5
Pathways in cancer 36
12.81 IL6 IGF1 HIF1A EPO EDN1 CXCL8
6
Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Signaling Pathways 64
Show member pathways
 12.76 TNF LEP INS IL6 ADIPOQ
7
AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Signaling 1
Show member pathways
 12.47 NOS3 LEP INS IGF1 ADIPOQ
8
Folate Metabolism 1
Show member pathways
 12.3 TNF INS IL6 CRP APOE
10
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) 36
Show member pathways
 12.22 TNF IL6 IGF1 EDN1 ACE
11
MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy 1
Show member pathways
 12.13 TNF NPPB IGF1 EDN1
12
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.13 TNF IL6 HTR2A HIF1A CXCL8
13
Peptide hormone metabolism 65
Show member pathways
 12.11 REN LEP INS IGF1 GHRL ACE
14
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.98 TNF LEP IL6 CXCL8
15
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 65
11.95 TNF IL6 HIF1A CXCL8
16
Insulin resistance 36
Show member pathways
 11.93 TNF NOS3 INS IL6
17
Senescence and Autophagy in Cancer 1
11.9 INS IL6 IGF1 CXCL8
18
AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications 36
11.85 TNF NOS3 IL6 EDN1 CXCL8
19
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers 64
11.81 LEP INS IL6 IGF1 ADIPOQ
20
Agents Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System Pathway, Pharmacodynamics 60
Show member pathways
 11.77 REN NOS3 ACE
21
Pertussis 36
11.74 TNF IL6 CXCL8
22
Renin secretion 36
11.7 REN EDN1 ACE
23
Adipocytokine signaling pathway 36
11.69 TNF LEP ADIPOQ
24
AGE/RAGE pathway 1
11.67 NOS3 INS HIF1A
25
HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network 1
11.65 LEP HIF1A EPO EDN1
26
Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling 1
Show member pathways
 11.64 TNF IL6 CXCL8
27
Adipogenesis 1
11.62 TNF LEP INS IL6 IGF1 HIF1A
28
Legionellosis 36
11.59 TNF IL6 CXCL8
29
ATF-2 transcription factor network 1
11.57 INS IL6 CXCL8
30
HIF1Alpha Pathway 63
11.54 NOS3 HIF1A EPO EDN1
31
Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma 1
11.53 IL6 HIF1A CXCL8
32
Malaria 36
11.52 TNF IL6 CXCL8
33
Interleukin-10 signaling 65
11.5 TNF IL6 CXCL8
34
Differentiation Pathway 1
11.48 INS IL6 IGF1 EPO
35
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
11.43 TNF IL6 IGF1 APOE
36
Photodynamic therapy-induced HIF-1 survival signaling 1
11.37 HIF1A EPO EDN1
37
Lung fibrosis 1
11.35 TNF IL6 IGF1 EDN1 CXCL8
38
Validated transcriptional targets of AP1 family members Fra1 and Fra2 1
11.32 NOS3 IL6 CXCL8
39
HIF-1 signaling pathway 36
11.2 NOS3 INS IL6 IGF1 HIF1A EPO
40
Development_Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades 22
Show member pathways
 11.18 LEP HIF1A EDN1 CRP
41
Antipsychotics Pathway (Metabolic Side Effects), Pharmacodynamics 60
11.03 LEP INS GHRL
42
Transcription factor regulation in adipogenesis 1
10.97 TNF LEP IL6 ADIPOQ
43
Overview of nanoparticle effects 1
10.84 TNF IL6 CXCL8 CRP
Sources

GO Terms for Sleep Apnea

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Cellular components related to Sleep Apnea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.86 TNF REN NPPB LEP INS IL6
2 cell GO:0005623 9.76 NOS3 IL6 HTR2A HIF1A HCRT GHRL
3 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.5 TNF REN NPPB LEP INS IL6

Biological processes related to Sleep Apnea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 60)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 signal transduction GO:0007165 10.27 LEP INS IL6 IGF1 HTR2A HIF1A
2 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 10.23 INS HTR2A HCRT GHRL EDN1 CXCL8
3 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045893 10.14 TNF IL6 IGF1 HIF1A EPO APOE
4 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043066 10.1 LEP IL6 IGF1 HIF1A GHRL EPO
5 positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 10.05 LEP INS IL6 IGF1 HTR2A EPO
6 cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267 10.02 INS IL6 IGF1 APOE
7 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade GO:0070374 10.01 TNF HTR2A EPO APOE
8 positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 10 TNF NOS3 INS IL6 IGF1 HIF1A
9 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 9.97 REN NOS3 EPO EDN1
10 negative regulation of gene expression GO:0010629 9.97 TNF IGF1 HIF1A EDN1 APOE ACE
11 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration GO:0007204 9.95 HTR2A HCRT GHRL EDN1
12 response to hypoxia GO:0001666 9.93 LEP HIF1A EPO EDN1 ADIPOQ
13 positive regulation of MAPK cascade GO:0043410 9.92 LEP INS IL6 IGF1
14 glucose homeostasis GO:0042593 9.92 LEP INS HIF1A ADIPOQ
15 cartilage development GO:0051216 9.9 HIF1A GHRL EDN1
16 response to nutrient GO:0007584 9.9 LEP EPO ADIPOQ
17 cellular response to drug GO:0035690 9.88 REN EDN1 ADIPOQ
18 response to nutrient levels GO:0031667 9.88 LEP GHRL ADIPOQ
19 positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis GO:0120162 9.88 LEP HCRT GHRL ADIPOQ
20 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 9.87 TNF IL6 ADIPOQ
21 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731 9.87 IL6 IGF1 HTR2A ADIPOQ
22 positive regulation of MAP kinase activity GO:0043406 9.86 TNF HTR2A EDN1
23 positive regulation of protein kinase activity GO:0045860 9.86 TNF EPO ADIPOQ
24 negative regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045599 9.84 TNF IL6 ADIPOQ
25 positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:1904707 9.84 TNF IGF1 EDN1
26 response to activity GO:0014823 9.83 LEP EDN1 ADIPOQ
27 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048661 9.83 TNF IL6 IGF1 EDN1
28 positive regulation of glucose import GO:0046326 9.82 INS IGF1 ADIPOQ
29 negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation GO:0001937 9.81 TNF GHRL APOE
30 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014065 9.81 IGF1 HTR2A EDN1
31 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014068 9.8 TNF LEP INS IGF1 EPO
32 positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade GO:0046427 9.79 TNF LEP IL6
33 positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division GO:0045840 9.78 INS IGF1 EDN1
34 regulation of blood vessel diameter GO:0097746 9.73 NPPB NOS3 ACE
35 acute-phase response GO:0006953 9.73 INS IL6 EPO CRP
36 negative regulation of blood vessel diameter GO:0097756 9.72 INS CRP
37 response to dexamethasone GO:0071548 9.72 EPO EDN1
38 artery smooth muscle contraction GO:0014824 9.72 HTR2A EDN1
39 response to salt stress GO:0009651 9.72 TNF EPO
40 positive regulation of chemokine production GO:0032722 9.72 TNF IL6 HIF1A
41 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process GO:0034392 9.71 IGF1 EDN1
42 positive regulation of receptor biosynthetic process GO:0010870 9.71 HIF1A EDN1
43 negative regulation of platelet activation GO:0010544 9.71 NOS3 APOE
44 body fluid secretion GO:0007589 9.71 NPPB EDN1
45 neutrophil mediated immunity GO:0002446 9.7 IL6 ACE
46 ovulation from ovarian follicle GO:0001542 9.69 NOS3 LEP
47 hemoglobin biosynthetic process GO:0042541 9.68 HIF1A EPO
48 bone mineralization involved in bone maturation GO:0035630 9.68 LEP IGF1
49 negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process GO:0032269 9.68 EDN1 APOE
50 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin GO:0003100 9.67 NOS3 EDN1

Molecular functions related to Sleep Apnea according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 signaling receptor binding GO:0005102 9.73 REN NPPB LEP EDN1 APOE ADIPOQ
2 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.43 TNF IL6 EPO EDN1 CXCL8 ADIPOQ
3 insulin-like growth factor receptor binding GO:0005159 9.33 REN INS IGF1
4 hormone activity GO:0005179 9.23 NPPB LEP INS IGF1 GHRL EPO
Sources

Sources for Sleep Apnea

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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