Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: STP004 MIFTS: 45	Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Categories: Infectious diseases, Rare diseases
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Aliases & Classifications for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

MalaCards integrated aliases for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome:

Name: Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ²⁰ ⁷⁰

Bacterial Toxic-Shock Syndrome ²⁰ ⁵⁸

Staphylococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome ⁵⁸

Staphylococcal Tss ⁵⁸

Bacterial Tss ⁵⁸

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

⁵⁸

bacterial toxic-shock syndrome
Inheritance: Not applicable; Age of onset: All ages; Age of death: any age;

staphylococcal toxic-shock syndrome
Inheritance: Not applicable; Prevalence: 1-9/1000000 (United States);

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³³

Certain infectious and parasitic diseases

Other bacterial diseases

Other bacterial diseases, not elsewhere classified

Toxic shock syndrome

Orphanet: ⁵⁸

Rare infectious diseases

External Ids:

ICD10 via Orphanet ³³ A48.3

UMLS via Orphanet ⁷¹ C3714602

Orphanet ⁵⁸ ORPHA36234 ORPHA99919

SNOMED-CT via HPO ⁶⁸ 111253001 112625008 119247004 more

UMLS ⁷⁰ C3714602

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Summaries for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

GARD : ²⁰ The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Orpha Number: 36234 Definition Bacterial toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a potentially fatal, acute disease characterized by a sudden onset of high fever along with nausea, myalgia, vomiting and multisystem organ involvement, potentially leading to shock and death. TSS is mediated by superantigenic toxins, usually caused by an infection with Staphylococcus aureus in staphylococcal TSS (see this term) or Streptococcus pyogenes in streptococcal TSS (see this term). Epidemiology The worldwide prevalence is estimated at 1/30, 000. Clinical description The disease affects mainly young adult women with no previous medical conditions. However, non-menstrual TSS, which can also be observed in men and children, represents up to 50% of Staphylococcal TSS cases. Onset is sudden and includes high fever (>38.9?C), nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, myalgia, abdominal pain and sore throat. Staphylococcal TSS almost always exhibits an erythematous rash and skin peeling as one of its manifestations, whereas it is very rarely seen in streptococcal TSS, which can show signs of soft tissue infection. Serious manifestations include confusion, shock, renal and myocardial dysfunction, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; see this term) and coma. Etiology Staphylococcal TSS is due to an infection with Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal TSS is due to an infection with Streptococcus pyogenes, or rarely, group C or G Streptococcus. Superantigens produced by both bacteria are responsible for the massive and sudden immune reaction seen in TSS. Both forms have been associated with recent traumas (surgery or childbirth) and viral infections, while staphylococcal TSS has also been associated with high absorbency tampon use.

MalaCards based summary : Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome, also known as bacterial toxic-shock syndrome, is related to toxic shock syndrome and exanthem. An important gene associated with Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome is TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Innate Immune System and Cytokine Signaling in Immune system. Affiliated tissues include lung, skin and bone, and related phenotypes are hypotension and shock

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Related Diseases for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Diseases related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 397)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	toxic shock syndrome	31.4	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1 CIITA
2	exanthem	30.6	TNF IL1B IFNG
3	chronic ulcer of skin	30.3	TNF IL1B
4	streptococcus pneumonia	30.3	TNF IL1B
5	pharyngitis	30.3	TNF IL1B
6	chickenpox	30.2	TNF IFNG
7	osteomyelitis	29.9	TNF IL1B IFNG
8	bronchiolitis	29.9	TNF IL1B IFNG
9	aspergillosis	29.9	TNF IL1B IFNG
10	conjunctivitis	29.6	TNF IGHE IFNG
11	dermatitis, atopic	29.6	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG
12	allergic disease	29.4	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG
13	dermatitis	29.2	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG
14	staphylococcal scarlet fever	11.6
15	infective endocarditis	10.2
16	endocarditis	10.2
17	acute kidney failure	10.2
18	lymphopenia	10.2
19	cytokine deficiency	10.2
20	physiological polycythemia	10.2	TNF IL1B
21	vulvar vestibulitis syndrome	10.2	TNF IL1B
22	palladium allergic contact dermatitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
23	kashin-beck disease	10.2	TNF IL1B
24	ulcer of lower limbs	10.2	TNF IL1B
25	arachnoiditis	10.2	TNF IL1B
26	cerebritis	10.2	TNF IL1B
27	actinic prurigo	10.2	TNF IL1B
28	stachybotrys chartarum	10.2	TNF IL1B
29	bacterial conjunctivitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
30	tracheitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
31	carbuncle	10.2	TNF IL1B
32	congenital cytomegalovirus	10.2	TNF IL1B
33	hypopyon	10.2	TNF IL1B
34	chemical colitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
35	tenosynovitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
36	aortitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
37	palindromic rheumatism	10.2	TNF IL1B
38	dental pulp necrosis	10.2	TNF IL1B
39	anthracosis	10.2	TNF IL1B
40	pneumonic tularemia	10.2	TNF IL1B
41	tularemia	10.2	TNF IL1B
42	peptic esophagitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
43	bursitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
44	gingival recession	10.2	TNF IL1B
45	laryngitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
46	haemophilus meningitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
47	vaginal discharge	10.2	TNF IL1B
48	irritant dermatitis	10.2	TNF IL1B
49	background diabetic retinopathy	10.2	TNF IL1B
50	periapical periodontitis	10.2	TNF IL1B

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Human phenotypes related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome:

⁵⁸ ³¹ (show top 50) (show all 60)

#	Description	HPO Frequency	Orphanet Frequency	HPO Source Accession
1	hypotension ⁵⁸ ³¹	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0002615
2	shock ⁵⁸ ³¹	hallmark (90%)	Very frequent (99-80%)	HP:0031273
3	fever ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0001945
4	abdominal pain ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0002027
5	myalgia ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0003326
6	increased serum lactate ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0002151
7	metabolic acidosis ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0001942
8	tachycardia ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0001649
9	respiratory distress ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0002098
10	fasciitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0100537
11	confusion ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0001289
12	recurrent skin infections ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0001581
13	abnormality of facial soft tissue ⁵⁸ ³¹	frequent (33%)	Frequent (79-30%)	HP:0011799
14	encephalitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002383
15	vomiting ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002013
16	renal insufficiency ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0000083
17	sinusitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0000246
18	hepatitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0012115
19	thrombocytopenia ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0001873
20	elevated serum creatine kinase ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0003236
21	cellulitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0100658
22	hypocalcemia ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002901
23	myocarditis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0012819
24	skin rash ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0000988
25	meningitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0001287
26	osteomyelitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002754
27	sepsis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0100806
28	abnormality of the upper limb ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002817
29	hypoalbuminemia ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0003073
30	abnormality of the lower limb ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002814
31	abnormal blistering of the skin ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0008066
32	tachypnea ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002789
33	pneumonia ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002090
34	diarrhea ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002014
35	myositis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0100614
36	peritonitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002586
37	abscess ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0025615
38	septic arthritis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0003095
39	disseminated intravascular coagulation ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0005521
40	glomerulonephritis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0000099
41	localized skin lesion ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0011355
42	scaling skin ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0040189
43	elevated serum creatinine ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0003259
44	nausea ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0002018
45	capillary leak ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0030005
46	chills ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0025143
47	pharyngitis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0025439
48	ecchymosis ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0031364
49	bacteremia ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0031864
50	severe varicella zoster infection ⁵⁸ ³¹	occasional (7.5%)	Occasional (29-5%)	HP:0032170

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Search Clinical Trials , NIH Clinical Center for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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Genetic Tests for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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Anatomical Context for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome:

⁴⁰

Lung, Skin, Bone, Monocytes, Lymph Node, Kidney, T Cells

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Publications for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Articles related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome:

(show top 50) (show all 197)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	COVID-19 and the clinical course of rheumatic manifestations. ⁶¹	Ahmed S...Gasparyan AY	33733315	2021
2	An overlooked cause of septic shock: Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome secondary to an axillary abscess. ⁶¹	Poudel B...Rodriguez-Nava G	33473349	2021
3	IntegraⓇ dermal regeneration template as the nidus of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome: A case report. ⁶¹	Gonzalez SR...Yuen JC	32613072	2020
4	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a child with interleukin-17 inhibitor treatment for psoriasis. ⁶¹	Sanchez Martin M...de Ceano-Vivas La Calle M	32533569	2020
5	Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19. ⁶¹	Gkoutzourelas A...Sakkas LI	33196004	2020
6	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a lactating mother with breast abscess: A case report. ⁶¹	Pandit K...Acharya SP	32760582	2020
7	A Functional ClpXP Protease is Required for Induction of the Accessory Toxin Genes, tst, sed, and sec. ⁶¹	Schelin J...Frees D	32872362	2020
8	Searching the staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin -1 in septic children with negative cultures: A comparative study in Tehen,Iran. ⁶¹	Noorbakhsh S...Ashouri S	32735530	2020
9	An Elusive Case of Mycosis Fungoides: Case Report and Review of the Literature. ⁶¹	Pallazola VA...Kobayashi K	31388911	2019
10	Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 Evaluation and Antibiotic Impact in a Transgenic Model of Staphylococcal Soft Tissue Infection. ⁶¹	Sharma H...Sriskandan S	31597722	2019
11	[Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome should be considered in the event of diffuse erythema with fever and shock]. ⁶¹	Dugourd PM...Del Giudice P	30691878	2019
12	Molecular Typing and Variations in Amount of tst Gene Expression of TSST-1-Producing Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. ⁶¹	Zhao H...Liu Q	31275293	2019
13	Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in the United Kingdom. ⁶¹	Sharma H...Sriskandan S	29350159	2018
14	[Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in non-menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome]. ⁶¹	Hureau M...Saint-Leger P	29050863	2018
15	Erratum: Intense, flu-like symptoms in women using menstrual devices: always think of staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome. ⁶¹	Chatzopoulou M...Tsiakalou M	28721224	2017
16	Staphylococcus enterotoxin profile of China isolates and the superantigenicity of some novel enterotoxins. ⁶¹	Shen M...Huang J	28235987	2017
17	Intense, flu-like symptoms in women using menstrual devices: always think of staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome. ⁶¹	Chatzopoulou M...Tsiakalou M	28580155	2017
18	[Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome at a chronic hemodialysis]. ⁶¹	Alaoui H...Bougalem M	28979632	2017
19	HLA-DR polymorphisms influence in vivo responses to staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in a transgenic mouse model. ⁶¹	Krogman A...Rajagopalan G	27863161	2017
20	Fatal endocarditis with methicilin-sensible Staphylococcus aureus and major complications: rhabdomyolysis, pericarditis, and intracerebral hematoma: A case report and review of the literature. ⁶¹	Georgescu AM...Szekely E	27741135	2016
21	Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion associated with staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by burns. ⁶¹	Yokochi T...Obu K	27117386	2016
22	Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant toxic shock syndrome toxin (rTSST)-1 variant vaccine: a randomised, double-blind, adjuvant-controlled, dose escalation first-in-man trial. ⁶¹	Schwameis M...Eibl MM	27296693	2016
23	Nosocomial Staphylococcal Toxic Shock. Case Report. ⁶¹	Arbune M...Tercu L	29967853	2016
24	Lactobacilli require physical contact to reduce staphylococcal TSST-1 secretion and vaginal epithelial inflammatory response. ⁶¹	Younes JA...Busscher HJ	27060097	2016
25	The Management of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome. A Case Report. ⁶¹	Birlu?iu V...Birlu?iu RM	29967843	2016
26	Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Caused by an Intravaginal Product. A Case Report. ⁶¹	Marton M	29967837	2016
27	Unusual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome presenting as a scarlet-like fever. ⁶¹	Andrey DO...Emonet S	26543563	2015
28	Staphylococcal Purpura Fulminans: Report of a Case. ⁶¹	Honarpisheh H...Lazova R	25099358	2015
29	A fatal case of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. ⁶¹	Roy P...Kumar A	26265799	2015
30	Evidence of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by MRSA in a mother-newborn pair. ⁶¹	Rostad CA...Berkowitz FE	25260039	2015
31	Neutralization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B by an aptamer antagonist. ⁶¹	Wang K...Lan X	25624325	2015
32	[Severe burns related to steam inhalation therapy]. ⁶¹	Belmonte JA...Collado JM	24768268	2015
33	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by tampon use. ⁶¹	McDermott C...Sheridan M	25692047	2015
34	[Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome after breast surgery]. ⁶¹	Pelissier A...Rouzier R	24636869	2014
35	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome: superantigen-mediated enhancement of endotoxin shock and adaptive immune suppression. ⁶¹	Kulhankova K...Salgado-Pabon W	24816557	2014
36	The impact of Staphylococcus aureus-associated molecular patterns on staphylococcal superantigen-induced toxic shock syndrome and pneumonia. ⁶¹	Tilahun AY...Rajagopalan G	25024509	2014
37	Mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production but fail to improve survival in experimental staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. ⁶¹	Kim H...Kain KC	24423010	2014
38	Vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding a mutant toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 ameliorates toxin-induced lethal shock in mice. ⁶¹	Feng MH...Hu DL	23985881	2013
39	Images in clinical medicine. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. ⁶¹	Chan BC...Maurice P	23984732	2013
40	Clinical features and etiology of adult patients with Fever and rash. ⁶¹	Tabak F...Ozturk R	23197907	2012
41	Epithelial proinflammatory response and curcumin-mediated protection from staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. ⁶¹	Schaefers MM...Peterson ML	22431984	2012
42	Evolutionary blueprint for host- and niche-adaptation in Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex CC30. ⁶¹	McGavin MJ...Nickerson NN	22919639	2012
43	[Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a 5 year-old child]. ⁶¹	Rojo A...Torres C	21470720	2011
44	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome 2000-2006: epidemiology, clinical features, and molecular characteristics. ⁶¹	DeVries AS...Lynfield R	21860665	2011
45	Toxigenic status of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine raw milk and Minas frescal cheese in Brazil. ⁶¹	Arcuri EF...Montet D	21219740	2010
46	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome: mechanisms and management. ⁶¹	Silversides JA...Ferguson AJ	21308522	2010
47	Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) antibody levels in Japanese children. ⁶¹	Quan L...Kawakami S	20036064	2010
48	TLR2 signalling: At the crossroads of commensalism, invasive infections and toxic shock syndrome by Staphylococcus aureus. ⁶¹	Mele T...Madrenas J	20363358	2010
49	Use of recombinant human activated protein C in nonmenstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. ⁶¹	Nasa P...Chawla R	21253349	2010
50	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, superantigenicity, and hypersensitivity. ⁶¹	Landman GW...Groeneveld PH	20367234	2010

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Genes for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Genes related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	TNF	Tumor Necrosis Factor	Protein Coding	7.46	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	CIITA	Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Transactivator	Protein Coding	7.11	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	HMGB1	High Mobility Group Box 1	Protein Coding	7.11	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	IFNG	Interferon Gamma	Protein Coding	7.11	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	IGHE	Immunoglobulin Heavy Constant Epsilon	Protein Coding	7.11	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	IL1B	Interleukin 1 Beta	Protein Coding	7.11	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

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Variations for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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Expression for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome.

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Pathways for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Pathways related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 48)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Innate Immune System ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Immune System ⁶⁵ Neutrophil degranulation ⁶⁵	13.71	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG HMGB1 CIITA
2	Cytokine Signaling in Immune system ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Signaling by Interleukins ⁶⁵	13.09	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG CIITA
3	Allograft rejection ³⁶ ¹ Show member pathways Antigen processing and presentation ³⁶ Asthma ³⁶ Autoimmune thyroid disease ³⁶ CTL Mediated Apoptosis ⁶³ Graft-versus-host disease ³⁶ Intestinal immune network for IgA production ³⁶ THC Differentiation Pathway ⁶³ Type I diabetes mellitus ³⁶ Viral myocarditis ³⁶	12.65	TNF IL1B IFNG CIITA
4	Measles ³⁶ Show member pathways Epstein-Barr virus infection ³⁶ Influenza A ³⁶	12.62	TNF IL1B IFNG CIITA
5	IL-2 Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways HMGB1 Pathway ⁶³ LPS Stimulated MAPK Signaling ⁶³ PACAP Signaling ⁶³ PI3K Signaling in B-Lymphocyte ⁶³ TREM1 Pathway ⁶³	12.6	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1
6	4-1BB Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways CD27 Pathway ⁶³ CD40 Signaling ⁶³ CMV and MAPK Pathways ⁶³ NF-KappaB Activation by EBV ⁶³ NF-kappaB Activation by Viruses ⁶³ PKR Pathway ⁶³ SUMO Pathway ⁶³ TNFR2 Pathway ⁶³	12.47	TNF IL1B IFNG
7	T cell receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ Show member pathways PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer ³⁶ T-Cell antigen Receptor (TCR) Signaling Pathway ¹ T-Cell antigen Receptor (TCR) pathway during Staphylococcus aureus infection ¹	12.41	TNF IL1B IFNG
8	Th17 cell differentiation ³⁶ Show member pathways IL-22 Pathway ⁶³ Immune response IL-22 signaling pathway ²³ Inflammatory bowel disease ³⁶ Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation ³⁶	12.4	TNF IL1B IFNG
9	Immune response IL-23 signaling pathway ²³ Show member pathways Angiopoietin receptor Tie2-mediated signaling ¹ Angiopoietin-TIE2 Signaling ⁶³ Development Angiopoietin - Tie2 signaling ²³ Development PDGF signaling via STATs and NF-kB ²³ IL23-mediated signaling events ¹ Immune response IL-10 signaling pathway ²³ Rac1/Pak1/p38/MMP-2 pathway ¹	12.39	TNF IL1B IFNG
10	RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Negative regulators of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling ⁶⁵ NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10 ⁶⁵ RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling ¹ RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway ³⁶ TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway ⁶⁵ TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation ⁶⁵	12.35	TNF IFNG HMGB1
11	NF-kappaB Signaling ⁴	12.34	TNF IL1B IFNG CIITA
12	Selenium Micronutrient Network ¹ Show member pathways Folate Metabolism ¹ Metabolism of ingested MeSeO2H into MeSeH ⁶⁵ thioredoxin pathway ¹ Vitamin B12 Metabolism ¹	12.16	TNF IL1B IFNG
13	IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL17 signaling pathway ¹ IL-17 signaling pathway ³⁶ Interleukin-17 signaling ⁶⁵ Mucin expression in CF via IL-6, IL-17 signaling pathways ²³	12.16	TNF IL1B IFNG
14	Toll Comparative Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways IL-1 Pathway ⁶³ Immune response MIF in innate immunity response ²³ iNOS Signaling ⁶³ TLR-TRIF Pathway ⁶³	12.13	TNF IL1B IFNG
15	Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway ²³ Show member pathways Cytokine Network ⁶³ Interferon alpha/beta signaling ⁶⁵ Regulation of IFNA signaling ⁶⁵	12.07	TNF IL1B IFNG
16	Bacterial infections in CF airways ²³ Show member pathways IL-1 beta-dependent CFTR expression ²³ Immune response Bacterial infections in normal airways ²³ Immune response TLR signaling pathways ²³	12.02	TNF IL1B IFNG
17	Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis ³⁶	11.94	TNF IL1B IFNG
18	Toxoplasmosis ³⁶ Show member pathways Leishmaniasis ³⁶	11.9	TNF IL1B IFNG CIITA
19	Spinal Cord Injury ¹	11.85	TNF IL1B IFNG
20	Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling ⁶⁵	11.82	TNF IL1B IGHE
21	Amoebiasis ³⁶	11.76	TNF IL1B IFNG
22	Rheumatoid arthritis ³⁶	11.71	TNF IL1B IFNG
23	Tuberculosis ³⁶	11.71	TNF IL1B IFNG CIITA
24	Immune response IFN gamma signaling pathway ²³ Show member pathways IFN-gamma pathway ¹	11.69	IL1B IFNG
25	Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways ⁶⁴	11.64	TNF IL1B IFNG
26	Th1 Differentiation Pathway ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL27-mediated signaling events ¹	11.6	TNF IL1B IFNG
27	Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway ⁶⁴	11.58	TNF IL1B IFNG
28	Photodynamic therapy-induced NF-kB survival signaling ¹ Show member pathways Immune response MIF-mediated glucocorticoid regulation ²³	11.49	TNF IL1B IFNG
29	Photodynamic therapy-induced AP-1 survival signaling. ¹	11.41	TNF IFNG
30	Cellular Transformation by HTLV1 ⁶³ Show member pathways Activation of NF-KappaB by PKR ⁶³	11.41	TNF IFNG
31	Interleukin-10 signaling ⁶⁵	11.39	TNF IL1B
32	amb2 Integrin signaling ¹	11.38	TNF HMGB1
33	Malaria ³⁶	11.37	TNF IL1B IFNG
34	MSP-RON Signaling ⁶³	11.33	TNF IL1B IFNG
35	Monoamine Transport ¹ Show member pathways Serotonin Transporter Activity ¹	11.31	TNF IL1B
36	Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway ¹	11.31	TNF IL1B IFNG
37	Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis ²³	11.26	TNF IL1B IFNG
38	IL-15 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL-2 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types ⁶⁴	11.23	TNF IFNG
39	IL-10 Pathway ⁶³	11.21	TNF IL1B
40	Antifolate resistance ³⁶	11.15	TNF IL1B
41	Type II interferon signaling (IFNG) ¹	11.15	IL1B IFNG CIITA
42	Necroptosis ³⁶ Show member pathways Nanoparticle triggered regulated necrosis ¹	11.15	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1
43	African trypanosomiasis ³⁶	11.11	TNF IL1B IFNG
44	IL1 and megakaryocytes in obesity ¹	11.05	IL1B IFNG
45	Cellular roles of Anthrax toxin ¹	10.98	TNF IL1B
46	Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family ¹	10.94	TNF IL1B IFNG
47	LDL Oxidation in Atherogenesis ⁶³	10.84	TNF IL1B
48	Cytokines and Inflammatory Response ¹	10.59	TNF IL1B IFNG

Sources

GO Terms for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Cellular components related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular region	GO:0005576	9.02	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG HMGB1

Biological processes related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 46)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	GO:0000122	9.97	TNF IFNG HMGB1 CIITA
2	inflammatory response	GO:0006954	9.87	TNF IL1B HMGB1 CIITA
3	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0019221	9.86	TNF IL1B IGHE
4	cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	GO:0071222	9.81	TNF IL1B HMGB1
5	positive regulation of inflammatory response	GO:0050729	9.75	TNF IL1B IFNG
6	positive regulation of JNK cascade	GO:0046330	9.73	TNF IL1B HMGB1
7	regulation of insulin secretion	GO:0050796	9.71	TNF IL1B IFNG
8	positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	GO:0043280	9.7	TNF HMGB1
9	negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration	GO:0043537	9.7	TNF HMGB1
10	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	GO:0097191	9.69	TNF IFNG
11	positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	GO:0032735	9.69	IFNG HMGB1
12	protein kinase B signaling	GO:0043491	9.69	TNF IL1B
13	positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling	GO:1901224	9.69	TNF IL1B HMGB1
14	positive regulation of chemokine production	GO:0032722	9.68	TNF IFNG
15	negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand	GO:2001240	9.68	TNF IL1B
16	lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0031663	9.68	TNF IL1B
17	regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	GO:0043122	9.67	TNF IL1B
18	microglial cell activation	GO:0001774	9.67	TNF IFNG
19	positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	GO:0032757	9.67	TNF IL1B HMGB1
20	negative regulation of neurogenesis	GO:0050768	9.66	TNF IL1B
21	positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation	GO:0045672	9.66	TNF IFNG
22	positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation	GO:1902004	9.65	TNF IFNG
23	positive regulation of glial cell proliferation	GO:0060252	9.65	TNF IL1B
24	negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	GO:0050995	9.65	TNF IL1B
25	positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	GO:0032731	9.65	TNF IFNG HMGB1
26	immune response	GO:0006955	9.65	TNF IL1B IGHE IFNG CIITA
27	astrocyte activation	GO:0048143	9.64	TNF IFNG
28	positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion	GO:0034116	9.64	TNF IL1B
29	macrophage activation involved in immune response	GO:0002281	9.63	IFNG HMGB1
30	positive regulation of phagocytosis	GO:0050766	9.63	TNF IL1B IFNG
31	positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production	GO:0071639	9.62	IL1B HMGB1
32	positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response	GO:0150078	9.62	TNF IL1B
33	positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	GO:0001934	9.62	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1
34	negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance	GO:1900222	9.61	TNF IFNG
35	positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process	GO:0045348	9.61	IFNG CIITA
36	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	GO:0045429	9.61	TNF IL1B IFNG
37	positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production	GO:2000343	9.6	TNF HMGB1
38	regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier	GO:1903140	9.59	TNF IL1B
39	vascular endothelial growth factor production	GO:0010573	9.58	TNF IL1B
40	positive regulation of fever generation	GO:0031622	9.55	TNF IL1B
41	sequestering of triglyceride	GO:0030730	9.52	TNF IL1B
42	positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process	GO:0060557	9.4	TNF IFNG
43	positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process	GO:0051173	9.37	TNF IFNG
44	positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis	GO:0051044	9.33	TNF IL1B IFNG
45	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	GO:0032755	9.26	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1
46	positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity	GO:0060559	8.8	TNF IL1B IFNG

Molecular functions related to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	GO:0000976	9.13	TNF HMGB1 CIITA
2	cytokine activity	GO:0005125	8.92	TNF IL1B IFNG HMGB1

Sources

Sources for Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

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⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 20-May-2021)

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⁷² UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷³ Wikipedia