Storm Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: STR033 MIFTS: 28	Storm Syndrome Categories: Rare diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Storm Syndrome

MalaCards integrated aliases for Storm Syndrome:

Name: Storm Syndrome ⁵⁷ ²⁰ ⁷⁰

Pleiotropic, Autosomal Dominant Disorder Affecting Connective Tissue ²⁰

Characteristics:

OMIM®:

⁵⁷ (Updated 05-Apr-2021)

Inheritance:
autosomal dominant

HPO:

³¹

storm syndrome:
Inheritance autosomal dominant inheritance

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

External Ids:

OMIM® ⁵⁷ 185069

MedGen ⁴¹ C1861452

SNOMED-CT via HPO ⁶⁸ 197494007 250978003 253395003 more

UMLS ⁷⁰ C1861452

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Summaries for Storm Syndrome

MalaCards based summary : Storm Syndrome, also known as pleiotropic, autosomal dominant disorder affecting connective tissue, is related to cytokine deficiency and covid-19. An important gene associated with Storm Syndrome is IL6 (Interleukin 6). The drugs Antirheumatic Agents and Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include lung, heart and liver, and related phenotypes are mitral valve calcification and fat malabsorption

More information from OMIM: 185069

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Related Diseases for Storm Syndrome

Diseases related to Storm Syndrome via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 34)

#	Related Disease	Score
1	cytokine deficiency	10.6
2	covid-19	10.3
3	severe acute respiratory syndrome	10.3
4	adult respiratory distress syndrome	10.1
5	macrophage activation syndrome	10.0
6	respiratory failure	10.0
7	toxic shock syndrome	10.0
8	pneumonia	10.0
9	juvenile rheumatoid arthritis	10.0
10	multinucleated neurons, anhydramnios, renal dysplasia, cerebellar hypoplasia, and hydranencephaly	9.9
11	disease by infectious agent	9.9
12	hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	9.9
13	coronavirus infectious disease	9.9
14	middle east respiratory syndrome	9.9
15	ovarian cancer	9.7
16	porphyria, acute intermittent	9.7
17	hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 1	9.7
18	wernicke-korsakoff syndrome	9.7
19	aging	9.7
20	juvenile arthritis	9.7
21	porphyria	9.7
22	alcohol use disorder	9.7
23	retinal vein occlusion	9.7
24	post-traumatic stress disorder	9.7
25	central retinal vein occlusion	9.7
26	acute pancreatitis	9.7
27	acute stress disorder	9.7
28	lymphopenia	9.7
29	connective tissue disease	9.7
30	arthritis	9.7
31	lung disease	9.7
32	secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	9.7
33	primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	9.7
34	premature aging	9.7

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Storm Syndrome:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Storm Syndrome

Human phenotypes related to Storm Syndrome:

³¹ (show all 10)

#	Description	HPO Source Accession
1	mitral valve calcification ³¹	HP:0004382
2	fat malabsorption ³¹	HP:0002630
3	aortic valve calcification ³¹	HP:0004380
4	mitral stenosis ³¹	HP:0001718
5	aortic valve stenosis ³¹	HP:0001650
6	excessive wrinkling of palmar skin ³¹	HP:0007605
7	polyarticular arthropathy ³¹	HP:0005195
8	sparse and thin eyebrow ³¹	HP:0000535
9	myxomatous mitral valve degeneration ³¹	HP:0004764
10	early progressive calcific cardiac valvular disease ³¹	HP:0006694

Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM®:

⁵⁷ (Updated 05-Apr-2021)

Cardiac:
mitral valve prolapse
myxomatous mitral valve degeneration
early progressive calcific cardiac valvular disease
calcific mitral stenosis
calcific aortic stenosis

Joints:
polyarticular arthropathy

Eyes:
no cataracts

Skin:
prematurely aged appearance
excessive wrinkling of palmar skin
taut skin over hands and face
no scleroderma-type changes

Hair:
loss of eyebrows and eyelashes
thinning and graying of scalp hair in adolescence

G I:
intestinal fat malabsorption

Clinical features from OMIM®:

185069 (Updated 05-Apr-2021)

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Storm Syndrome

Drugs for Storm Syndrome (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 13)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Antirheumatic Agents

Phase 3

Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein

Phase 3

Prazosin

Approved

Phase 2

19216-56-9

4893

Synonyms:

[3H]-Prazosin

[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-quinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-(2-furyl)methanone

[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl](furan-2-yl)methanone

[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-(furan-2-yl)methanone

1-(3-Amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2- quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanyl-carbonyl)piperazine hydrochloride

1-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl) piperazine

1-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl)piperazine

19216-56-9

2-(4-(2-Furoyl)piperazin-1-yl)-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline

2-[4-(2-furoyl)piperazin-1-yl]-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine

4-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazinyl 2-furyl ketone

5-25-13-00365 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

AB00053528

AC1L1J6T

AKOS000310009

BCBcMAP01_000227

Bio1_000365

Bio1_000854

Bio1_001343

Bio2_000358

Bio2_000838

BPBio1_001006

BRD-K49111258-001-02-8

BRD-K49111258-003-05-7

BRN 0768345

BSPBio_000914

BSPBio_001036

BSPBio_002221

C07368

C19H21N5O4

CAS-19237-84-4

CHEBI:8364

CHEMBL2

CID4893

CP-12299

D08411

DB00457

DivK1c_000375

Douglas brand OF prazosin hydrochloride

EINECS 242-885-8

Furazosin

HCL, Prazosin

HMS1362D17

HMS1792D17

HMS1990D17

HMS2089G09

HSDB 3298

Hydrochloride, prazosin

IDI1_000375

IDI1_002113

Justac

KBio1_000375

KBio2_000376

KBio2_001302

KBio2_002944

KBio2_003870

KBio2_005512

KBio2_006438

KBio3_000731

KBio3_000732

KBio3_001721

KBioGR_000376

KBioGR_000965

KBioSS_000376

KBioSS_001302

L000666

Lentopres

LS-140002

Minipress

Minipress (TN)

Minipress Xl

MolPort-000-891-036

NCGC00016740-01

NCGC00016740-02

NCGC00016740-03

NCGC00016740-14

NCGC00024324-02

NCGC00024324-04

NCGC00024324-05

NCGC00024324-06

NCGC00024324-07

NCGC00024324-08

NCGC00024324-09

NCI60_002417

NINDS_000375

Oprea1_314778

Pfizer brand OF prazosin hydrochloride

Piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furanylcarbonyl)- (9CI)

Piperazine, 1-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-2-quinazolinyl)-4-(2-furoyl)- (8CI)

Pratsiol

Prazocin

prazosin

Prazosin

Prazosin (INN)

Prazosin [INN:BAN]

Prazosin HCl

Prazosin HCL

Prazosin hydrochloride

Prazosin Hydrochloride

Prazosina

Prazosina [INN-Spanish]

Prazosine

Prazosine [INN-French]

Prazosinum

Prazosinum [INN-Latin]

Prestwick0_000947

Prestwick1_000947

Prestwick2_000947

Prestwick3_000947

SMP1_000063

SPBio_001297

SPBio_003073

Spectrum_000822

Spectrum2_001289

Spectrum3_000551

Spectrum4_000483

Spectrum5_001365

ST075549

STK301545

TL8001573

TNP00312

Tocris-0623

UNII-XM03YJ541D

Vasoflex

ZINC00601304

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists

Phase 2

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists

Phase 2

Adrenergic Antagonists

Phase 2

Neurotransmitter Agents

Phase 2

Adrenergic Agents

Phase 2

Antihypertensive Agents

Phase 2

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Phase 2

Infliximab

Approved

170277-31-3

Dermatologic Agents

Gastrointestinal Agents

Interventional clinical trials:

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Clinical Trial of the Use of Anakinra in Cytokine Storm Syndrome Secondary to Covid-19. A Phase 2/3, Randomized, Open-label, Parallel Group, 2-arm, Multicenter Study Investigating the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Administrations of Anakinra, an Interleukin-1(IL-1) Receptor Antagonist, Added to Standard of Care, Versus Standard of Care, in Reducing Hyper-inflammation and Respiratory Distress in Patients With SARS- CoV-2 Infection	Recruiting	NCT04443881	Phase 2, Phase 3	Anakinra 149 MG/ML Prefilled Syringe [Kineret]
2	Early Treatment of Cytokine Storm Syndrome in Covid-19	Recruiting	NCT04362111	Phase 3	Anakinra;Normal saline
3	Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonism to Prevent COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy of Prazosin vs. Standard of Care for SARS-CoV-2 Infection	Recruiting	NCT04365257	Phase 2	Prazosin
4	Anakinra in Adults With Severe COVID-19 and Features of Cytokine Storm Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial	Not yet recruiting	NCT04603742	Phase 2	Anakinra;0.9% Saline
5	Comparison of Tocilizumab Versus Tocilizumab/Infliximab in Patients With COVID-19-associated Cytokine Storm Syndrome	Recruiting	NCT04734678		Tocilizumab;Infliximab
6	Randomized Open Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Eucaloric Ketogenic Nutrition in Comparison With a Standard Nutrition in Covid-19 Disease in Reducing Cytokine Storm Syndrome and ARDS	Recruiting	NCT04492228

Search NIH Clinical Center for Storm Syndrome

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Genetic Tests for Storm Syndrome

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Anatomical Context for Storm Syndrome

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Storm Syndrome:

⁴⁰

Lung, Heart, Liver, Myeloid, Monocytes, T Cells, Neutrophil

Sources

Publications for Storm Syndrome

Articles related to Storm Syndrome:

(show top 50) (show all 186)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome and diagnostic principles: an old and new Issue. ⁶¹	Yongzhi X	33522893	2021
2	Machine learning-based cytokine microarray digital immunoassay analysis. ⁶¹	Song Y...Kurabayashi K	33647790	2021
3	ORF8 contributes to cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection by activating IL-17 pathway. ⁶¹	Lin X...Wu H	33723527	2021
4	Worsening of heart failure by coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with high mortality. ⁶¹	Bocchi EA...Gomes BR	33498096	2021
5	COVID-19 and cytokine storm syndrome: are there lessons from macrophage activation syndrome? ⁶¹	Ombrello MJ...Schulert GS	33684592	2021
6	COVID-19: disease pathways and gene expression changes predict methylprednisolone can improve outcome in severe cases. ⁶¹	Draghici S...Mor G	33693506	2021
7	COVID-19-induced hyperinflammation, immunosuppression, recovery and survival: how causal inference may help draw robust conclusions. ⁶¹	Landewe RBM...Mostard RLM	33790049	2021
8	Status of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and complement system in COVID-19 patients and therapeutic applications of antiviral plant MBLs. ⁶¹	Gupta A...Gupta GS	33745077	2021
9	Prognostic Values of Serum Ferritin and D-Dimer Trajectory in Patients with COVID-19. ⁶¹	Qeadan F...Saeed AI	33807920	2021
10	Treatment With Tocilizumab for Patients With COVID-19 Infections: A Case-Series Study. ⁶¹	Mo Y...Gasperino J	33180360	2021
11	Clinical Characteristics of Paediatric Hyperinflammatory Syndrome in the Era of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). ⁶¹	Basu M...Das SK	33716413	2021
12	Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study'' by Charles. ⁶¹	Smolen JS	33658235	2021
13	Rapid Implementation of a Multidisciplinary COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Syndrome Task Force. ⁶¹	Ayesha B...Broder A	33547873	2021
14	Non-canonical autophagy functions of ATG16L1 in epithelial cells limit lethal infection by influenza A virus. ⁶¹	Wang Y...Wileman T	33586810	2021
15	Antibodies at work in the time of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. ⁶¹	Sajna KV...Kamat S	32988772	2021
16	Clinical features, diagnosis, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019. ⁶¹	Kwak JH...Korean Society of Kawasaki Disease	33445833	2021
17	Cytokine storm syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019: A narrative review. ⁶¹	Gao YM...Liu BC	32696489	2021
18	Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study'' by De Santis et al. ⁶¹	Ramiro S...Landewe RBM	33593737	2021
19	Infliximab and Intravenous Gammaglobulin in Hospitalized Severe COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit. ⁶¹	Farrokhpour M...Yadollahzadeh M	33636983	2021
20	COVID-19: Immunology, Immunopathogenesis and Potential Therapies. ⁶¹	Bhardwaj A...Srivastava RK	33641587	2021
21	COVID-19 cytokine storm syndrome: a threshold concept. ⁶¹	Chen LYC...Quach TTT	33655230	2021
22	Comparison of baseline laboratory findings of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. ⁶¹	Aydin F...Celikel Acar B	33550678	2021
23	Increased levels of plasma cytokines and correlations to organ failure and 30-day mortality in critically ill Covid-19 patients. ⁶¹	Bulow Anderberg S...Hultstrom M	33348065	2021
24	CNS implications of COVID-19: a comprehensive review. ⁶¹	Nagu P...Mehta V	33550782	2021
25	Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study'' by Charles. ⁶¹	Ramiro S...Landewe RBM	33589439	2021
26	SARS-CoV-2 Immuno-Pathogenesis and Potential for Diverse Vaccines and Therapies: Opportunities and Challenges. ⁶¹	McGill AR...Mohapatra SS	33557330	2021
27	Correspondence on 'Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study'. ⁶¹	De Santis M...Selmi C	33593740	2021
28	Correspondence on 'Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study'. ⁶¹	Charles P	33589440	2021
29	Ruxolitinib as adjunctive therapy for secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case series. ⁶¹	Hansen S...Chen LYC	33523540	2021
30	Association of α1-Blocker Receipt With 30-Day Mortality and Risk of Intensive Care Unit Admission Among Adults Hospitalized With Influenza or Pneumonia in Denmark. ⁶¹	Thomsen RW...Sorensen HT	33566109	2021
31	The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Development of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis. ⁶¹	Dziedzic A...Bijak M	33670394	2021
32	COVID-19 and cytokine storm syndrome: can what we know about interleukin-6 in ovarian cancer be applied? ⁶¹	Maccio A...Madeddu C	33550983	2021
33	Response to Treatment with an Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody (Tocilizumab) in a Patient with Hemophagocytic Syndrome Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. ⁶¹	Olivares-Hernandez A...Cruz Hernandez JJ	33628551	2021
34	Nucleocapsid and Spike Proteins of the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Induce IL6 in Monocytes and Macrophages-Potential Implications for Cytokine Storm Syndrome. ⁶¹	Karwaciak I...Ratajewski M	33467724	2021
35	Infusion of HLA-matched and static magnetic field-exposed allogenic lymphocytes treating lymphocytopenia and cytokine storm syndrome: A treatment proposal for COVID-19 patients. ⁶¹	Vergallo C	33073612	2021
36	Diagnosis of Adult Onset Still's Disease in a Patient Who has recovered from Coronavirus-19. ⁶¹	Alshablan A...Samannodi M	33679145	2021
37	Relationship between disease severity and serum IL-6 levels in COVID-19 anosmia. ⁶¹	Sanli DET...Ljama T	33152573	2021
38	Clinical, Imaging, and Lab Correlates of Severe COVID-19 Leukoencephalopathy. ⁶¹	Rapalino O...Lev MH	33414226	2021
39	Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a review inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic. ⁶¹	Soy M...Sucak GT	32588191	2021
40	Ultraefficiently Calming Cytokine Storm Using Ti3C2T x MXene. ⁶¹	Wang T...Wang G	33786372	2021
41	Weathering the COVID-19 storm: Lessons from hematologic cytokine syndromes. ⁶¹	England JT...Chen LYC	33558024	2021
42	Weathering the COVID-19 storm: Lessons from hematologic cytokine syndromes. ⁶¹	England JT...Chen LYC	32425294	2021
43	Ischaemic stroke as an initial presentation in patients with COVID-19: evaluation of a case series in an emergency in Brazil. ⁶¹	Oliveira IB...Coimbra PPA	33455541	2021
44	Therapeutic agents against COVID-19 with clinical evidence. ⁶¹	Tian C...Xiang M	33459226	2021
45	SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality in racial/ethnic minority populations: A window into the stress related inflammatory basis of health disparities? ⁶¹	Gelaye B...Fricchione G	33052326	2020
46	Distinct inflammatory profiles distinguish COVID-19 from influenza with limited contributions from cytokine storm. ⁶¹	Mudd PA...Ellebedy AH	33187979	2020
47	Acute pancreatitis in a COVID-19 patient: An unusual presentation. ⁶¹	Acherjya GK...Deb SR	33363941	2020
48	Cytokine storms caused by novel coronavirus 2019 and treatment for cardiac injury. ⁶¹	Zhang DM...Chen SL	33336773	2020
49	Treatment of cytokine storm syndrome with IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in a patient with ARDS caused by COVID-19 infection: A case report. ⁶¹	Kaps L...Schreiner O	33363865	2020
50	A Cytokine Circus with a Viral Ringleader: SARS-CoV-2-Associated Cytokine Storm Syndromes. ⁶¹	Cabler SS...Orvedahl A	33051104	2020

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Genes for Storm Syndrome

Genes related to Storm Syndrome (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence	PubMed IDs
1	IL6	Interleukin 6	Protein Coding	6.62	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

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Variations for Storm Syndrome

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Expression for Storm Syndrome

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Storm Syndrome.

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Pathways for Storm Syndrome

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GO Terms for Storm Syndrome

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Sources for Storm Syndrome

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GARD

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 05-Apr-2021)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ Tocris

⁷⁰ UMLS

⁷¹ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷² UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷³ Wikipedia