Syncope disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: SYN036 MIFTS: 47	Syncope
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Aliases & Classifications for Syncope

MalaCards integrated aliases for Syncope:

Name: Syncope ⁵⁴ ²⁹ ⁶ ³

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Summaries for Syncope

NINDS : ⁵⁴ Syncope is a medical term used to describe a temporary loss of consciousness due to the sudden decline of blood flow to the brain. Syncope is commonly called fainting or “passing out.” If an individual is about to faint, he or she will feel dizzy, lightheaded, or nauseous and their field of vision may “white out” or “black out.” The skin may be cold and clammy. The person drops to the floor as he or she loses consciousness. After fainting, an individual may be unconscious for a minute or two, but will revive and slowly return to normal. Syncope can occur in otherwise healthy people and affects all age groups, but occurs more often in the elderly. There are several types of syncope. Vasovagal syncope usually has an easily identified triggering event such as emotional stress, trauma, pain, the sight of blood, or prolonged standing. Carotid sinus syncope happens because of constriction of the carotid artery in the neck and can occur after turning the head, while shaving, or when wearing a tight collar. Situational syncope happens during urination, defecation, coughing, or as a result of gastrointestinal stimulation. Syncope can also be a symptom of heart disease or abnormalities that create an uneven heart rate or rhythm that temporarily affect blood volume and its distribution in the body. Syncope isn’t normally a primary sign of a neurological disorder, but it may indicate an increased risk for neurologic disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), diabetic neuropathy, and other types of neuropathy. Certain classes of drugs are associated with an increased risk of syncope, including diuretics, calcium antagonists, ACE inhibitors, nitrates, antipsychotics, antihistamines, levodopa, narcotics, and alcohol.

MalaCards based summary : Syncope is related to jervell and lange-nielsen syndrome 1 and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. An important gene associated with Syncope is SLC6A2 (Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 2), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Transmission across Chemical Synapses and Human Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency. The drugs Ranolazine and Timolol have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include heart, testes and brain, and related phenotypes are cardiovascular system and muscle

Wikipedia : ⁷⁶ Syncope, also known as fainting, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast... more...

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Related Diseases for Syncope

Diseases related to Syncope via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 317)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	jervell and lange-nielsen syndrome 1	32.4	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
2	catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia	32.3	KCNH2 KCNJ2 SCN5A
3	ventricular tachycardia, catecholaminergic polymorphic, 1, with or without atrial dysfunction and/or dilated cardiomyopathy	31.8	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
4	long qt syndrome 9	31.5	KCNJ2 SCN5A
5	brugada syndrome	31.5	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
6	long qt syndrome 13	31.4	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
7	long qt syndrome 12	31.4	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
8	long qt syndrome 3	31.4	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
9	andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis	30.8	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
10	atrial standstill 1	30.6	ACTN2 NPPB SCN5A TTN
11	long qt syndrome 5	30.6	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
12	long qt syndrome 6	30.5	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
13	long qt syndrome 2	30.5	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
14	long qt syndrome 1	30.5	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
15	ventricular fibrillation, paroxysmal familial, 1	30.0	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
16	pure autonomic failure	29.9	GNB3 NPPA
17	cardiac conduction defect	29.7	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
18	atrioventricular block	29.6	KCNH2 KCNQ1 NPPB SCN5A
19	long qt syndrome	29.3	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
20	cardiac arrhythmia	29.2	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
21	short qt syndrome	29.0	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
22	peripartum cardiomyopathy	28.9	GNB3 SCN5A TTN
23	familial atrial fibrillation	28.9	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA SCN5A
24	left ventricular noncompaction	28.6	ACTN2 KCNQ1 SCN5A TTN
25	arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy	28.5	ACTN2 KCNH2 SCN5A TTN
26	atrial fibrillation	26.7	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA NPPB SCN5A
27	heart disease	26.2	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA NPPB SCN5A
28	syncope, familial vasovagal	12.3
29	ventricular extrasystoles with syncopal episodes - perodactyly - robin sequence	12.1
30	ventricular extrasystoles with syncope, perodactyly, and robin sequence	11.9
31	fainting	11.5
32	ventricular tachycardia, catecholaminergic polymorphic, 2	11.5
33	ventricular tachycardia, catecholaminergic polymorphic, 4	11.5
34	progressive familial heart block, type ia	11.1
35	orthostatic intolerance	11.1
36	wolff-parkinson-white syndrome	11.0
37	postural hypotension	11.0
38	progressive familial heart block, type ib	11.0
39	pulmonary hypertension	11.0
40	sinoatrial node dysfunction and deafness	10.8
41	cardiac arrhythmia, ankyrin-b-related	10.8
42	sick sinus syndrome 1	10.8
43	muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, type 2x	10.8
44	dementia, lewy body	10.8
45	progressive familial heart block, type ii	10.8
46	long qt syndrome 10	10.8
47	sick sinus syndrome 3	10.8
48	long qt syndrome 11	10.8
49	cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 6	10.6
50	cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 11	10.6

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Syncope:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Syncope

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Syncope:

⁴⁶

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	9.5	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA SCN5A SLC6A2
2	muscle	MP:0005369	9.1	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA SCN5A TTN

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Syncope

Drugs for Syncope (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 503)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Ranolazine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 2

142387-99-3, 95635-55-5

56959

Timolol

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

26839-75-8

33624 5478

Amiodarone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3

1951-25-3

2157

Etanercept

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2

185243-69-0

Propranolol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable

525-66-6

4946

Ethanol

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1

64-17-5

702

Tadalafil

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

171596-29-5

110635

Carvedilol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2

72956-09-3

2585

Titanium dioxide

Approved

Phase 4

13463-67-7

Petrolatum

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 2

8009-03-8

Sertraline

Approved

Phase 4

79617-96-2

68617

Amlodipine

Approved

Phase 4

88150-42-9

2162

Metformin

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

657-24-9

14219 4091

Losartan

Approved

Phase 4

114798-26-4

3961

Midodrine

Approved

Phase 4,Not Applicable

133163-28-7, 42794-76-3

4195

Benzoyl peroxide

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

94-36-0

7187

Ephedrine

Approved

Phase 4,Early Phase 1

299-42-3

9294

Hydrochlorothiazide

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable

58-93-5

3639

Fludrocortisone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

127-31-1

31378

Pseudoephedrine

Approved

Phase 4,Early Phase 1

90-82-4

7028

Gliclazide

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

21187-98-4

3475

Treprostinil

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2

81846-19-7

54786 6918140

Adapalene

Approved

Phase 4

106685-40-9

60164

Diclofenac

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

15307-86-5

3033

Acitretin

Approved

Phase 4

55079-83-9

6437841 5284513

Miconazole

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 4

22916-47-8

4189

Clobetasol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

25122-46-7, 25122-41-2

32798 5311051

Bisoprolol

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

66722-44-9

2405

Metoprolol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable

37350-58-6, 51384-51-1

4171

Adalimumab

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

331731-18-1

16219006

Testosterone undecanoate

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

5949-44-0

Paroxetine

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

61869-08-7

43815

Clindamycin

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

18323-44-9

29029

Brinzolamide

Approved

Phase 4

138890-62-7

68844

Glyburide

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

10238-21-8

3488

Testosterone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

58-22-0

6013

Ketoconazole

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

65277-42-1

47576 3823

Glimepiride

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

93479-97-1

3476

Angiotensin II

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3

68521-88-0, 4474-91-3, 11128-99-7

172198 65143

Droxidopa

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2

23651-95-8

443940

Epoprostenol

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

61849-14-7, 35121-78-9

5280427 5282411

Methyltestosterone

Approved

Phase 4

58-18-4

6010

Tavaborole

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

174671-46-6

Testosterone enanthate

Approved

Phase 4

315-37-7

9416

Atenolol

Approved

Phase 4

29122-68-7

2249

Donepezil

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 2

120014-06-4

3152

Enalaprilat

Approved

Phase 4

76420-72-9

6917719

Enalapril

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

75847-73-3

5362032 40466924

Tamsulosin

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4,Phase 3

106133-20-4

129211

Silodosin

Approved

Phase 4,Phase 3

160970-54-7

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 524)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Closed Loop Stimulation for Neuromediated Syncope (SPAIN Study)	Unknown status	NCT01621464	Phase 4
2	Safety of Amiodarone and Ranolazine Together in Patients With Angina	Unknown status	NCT01558830	Phase 4	ranolazine;placebo
3	Mometasone Furoate Cream Reduces Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas' Patients	Unknown status	NCT02495064	Phase 4	Mometasone Furoate Cream
4	The Effect of Carvedilol Vs Propranolol in Cirrhotic Patients With Variceal Bleeding	Unknown status	NCT02385422	Phase 4	Carvedilol;Propranolol
5	Topical r-Hirudin ( Thrombexx ) Efficacy in Treatment of Haematomas	Unknown status	NCT01960569	Phase 4	active product ( Thrombexx) assigned to arm 1
6	A Randomized Trial of Angiotensin Receptor bLocker,Fimasartan, in Aortic Stenosis (ALFA Trial)	Unknown status	NCT01589380	Phase 4	Fimasartan;Placebo
7	Aortic Stenosis and PhosphodiEsterase Type 5 iNhibition (ASPEN): A Pilot Study	Unknown status	NCT01275339	Phase 4	Tadalafil;Placebo
8	ISSUE3: International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology 3	Completed	NCT00359203	Phase 4
9	Clinical Trial for the Prevention of Vasovagal Syncope	Completed	NCT00118482	Phase 4	fludrocortisone acetate
10	ELIAS: Early Loop-Recorder in Suspected Arrhythmogenic Syncope	Completed	NCT00170261	Phase 4
11	Propranolol to Treat Fainting Due to Sympathoadrenal Imbalance	Completed	NCT00060866	Phase 4	Propranolol
12	Tilt-Table Study of the Clinical Efficacy of Midodrine in Symptomatic Orthostatic Hypotension	Completed	NCT01518946	Phase 4	Midodrine HCl;Placebo
13	Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial - Reduce Inappropriate Therapy	Completed	NCT00947310	Phase 4
14	Comparision of Blood Pressure Variability Between Amlodipine and Losartan	Completed	NCT01964079	Phase 4	Amlodipine;Losartan
15	Study of Sitagliptin Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes During Ramadan (0431-263)	Completed	NCT01131182	Phase 4	Sitagliptin phosphate;Comparator: Sulfonylurea;Metformin
16	Physiologic Evaluation of Anomalous Right Coronary Artery Stenosis	Completed	NCT01133054	Phase 4
17	Clinical Efficacy of Midodrine in Symptomatic Orthostatic Hypotension	Completed	NCT01515865	Phase 4	Midodrine HCl;Placebo
18	Study to Assess the Benefit of Midodrine in the Treatment of Patients With Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension	Completed	NCT00555880	Phase 4	Midodrine hydrochloride;Placebo
19	Ethanol-Free Clobetasol Propionate Foam 0.05% (Olux-E Foam) vs Vehicle Foam in the Treatment of Chronic Hand Dermatitis.	Completed	NCT01323673	Phase 4	clobetasol propionate 0.05%;Vehicle / Placebo
20	Safety Study of Flector Patch in Children With Minor Soft Tissue Injuries	Completed	NCT02132247	Phase 4	Diclofenac hydroxyethylpyrrolidine
21	Effects of Testosterone on Myocardial Repolarization	Completed	NCT03126656	Phase 4	Testosterone Undecanoate
22	Optimal Balloon Catheter Placement During Sonohysterography	Completed	NCT01936116	Phase 4
23	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Topical Therapies for the Condition of Plaque-Type Psoriasis	Completed	NCT00852761	Phase 4	Olux-E Foam;Clobex lotion
24	A Comparison of Polyglactin 910 and Chromic Gut Suture in the Closure of Punch Biopsy Sites	Completed	NCT01722994	Phase 4
25	Postoperative Pain in Single-visit and Multiple-visit Retreatment Cases	Completed	NCT03042377	Phase 4	Multiple-Visit-"Calcium Hydroxide";Multiple-Visit-"Corticosteroid Paste";Multiple-Visit-"Antibiotic Paste"
26	Safety, Efficacy and Treatment Satisfaction in Patients With PAH Rapidly Switched From Epoprostenol to Remodulin	Completed	NCT00373360	Phase 4	treprostinil sodium
27	A Study for Patients With Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension	Completed	NCT00046475	Phase 4	Midodrine Hydrochloride
28	Measuring Outcomes In Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Not on Active Treatment (MOTION)	Completed	NCT02191137	Phase 4	Riociguat (Adempas, BAY63-2521)
29	Epoprostenol for Injection in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension	Completed	NCT01105091	Phase 4	ACT-385781A (Actelion Epoprostenol);Flolan®
30	Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Etanercept and Acitretin in Korean Patient With Moderate to Severe Psoriasis	Completed	NCT00936065	Phase 4	Etanercept;Etanercept + Acitretin;Acitretin
31	Evaluation of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Clobetasol Propionate Foam Compared to Vehicle Foam	Completed	NCT00842153	Phase 4	Clobetasol propionate foam;Vehicle foam
32	An Open-Label, Prospective Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of Adalimumab in Patients With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis in the Russian Federation	Completed	NCT01644396	Phase 4
33	STUDY TO ASSESS THE LONG-TERM SAFETY OF EXTINA (KETOCONAZOLE) FOAM, 2%	Completed	NCT00703846	Phase 4	Ketoconazole
34	Evaluation of PCLs Using Three EUS-FNA Needles	Completed	NCT01711294	Phase 4
35	Circadian Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Ocular Blood Flow	Completed	NCT00800540	Phase 4	Brinzolamide 10 mg/ml/Timolol 5 mg/ml eye drops suspension;Brimonidine 20 mg/ml/Timolol 5 mg/ml eye drops solution
36	A Study Of Sertraline Compared With Paroxetine In The Treatment Of Panic Disorder	Completed	NCT00677352	Phase 4	sertraline;Paroxetine
37	An Evaluation of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Tavaborole Topical Solution for the Treatment of Fungal Disease of the Toenail in Children and Adolescents	Completed	NCT03405818	Phase 4	Tavaborole 5% Topical Solution
38	DUAC® Early Onset Efficacy Study in Japanese Subjects	Completed	NCT02557399	Phase 4	Duac® fixed dose combination gel;ADA 0.1% gel;CLDM 1% gel
39	Study Evaluating Etanercept for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis	Completed	NCT00663052	Phase 4	Etanercept;Etanercept
40	Study of a New Thermo Stable Formulation of Epoprostenol Sodium to Treat Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)	Completed	NCT01462565	Phase 4	current marketed FLOLAN (epoprostenol sodium);new thermo stable formulation of epoprostenol sodium
41	Effects of Etanercept on Nail Psoriasis and Plaque Psoriasis	Completed	NCT00581100	Phase 4	etanercept
42	Assessment of Metoprolol in the Prevention of Vasovagal Syncope in Aging Subjects	Recruiting	NCT02123056	Phase 4	Metoprolol;Matching Placebo
43	Assessment of Midodrine in the Prevention of Vasovagal Syncope: The Prevention of Syncope Trial IV	Recruiting	NCT01456481	Phase 4	midodrine hydrochloride;matching placebo
44	Sustained Effect of Droxidopa in Symptomatic Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension	Recruiting	NCT02586623	Phase 4	Droxidopa capsules;Placebo capsules
45	Combining Donepezil With Perceptual Learning in Normal and Amblyopic Human The Effect of Donepezil on Perceptual Learning in Adult Amblyopia	Recruiting	NCT03109314	Phase 4	Donepezil
46	Evaluation of Decreased Usage of Betablockers After Myocardial Infarction in the SWEDEHEART Registry (REDUCE-SWEDEHEART)	Recruiting	NCT03278509	Phase 4	Metoprolol Succinate;Bisoprolol
47	A Study of Crisaborole Ointment 2%; Crisaborole Vehicle; TCS and TCI in Subjects Aged ≥ 2 Years, With Mild-moderate AD	Recruiting	NCT03539601	Phase 4	Crisaborole ointment, 2%;Hydrocortisone butyrate cream, 0.1%;Pimecrolimus cream, 1%;Crisaborole Vehicle
48	Syncope: Pacing or Recording in the Later Years	Active, not recruiting	NCT01423994	Phase 4
49	Feasibility Study of the Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Control	Enrolling by invitation	NCT02817503	Phase 4	Standard BP control;Moderate BP control;Intensive BP control
50	The Effect of Antihypertensive Medication Timing on Morbidity and Mortality	Enrolling by invitation	NCT02990663	Phase 4

Search NIH Clinical Center for Syncope

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Genetic Tests for Syncope

Genetic tests related to Syncope:

#	Genetic test	Affiliating Genes
1	Syncope ²⁹

Sources

Anatomical Context for Syncope

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Syncope:

⁴¹

Heart, Testes, Brain, Skin, Thyroid, Bone, Liver

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Publications for Syncope

Articles related to Syncope:

(show top 50) (show all 1012)

#	Title	Authors	Year
1	The Risk of Thirty-Day Serious Dysrhythmia in Elderly Patients With Syncope or Near Syncope. ( 29929650 )	deSouza I.S.	2018
2	Differential diagnosis of unexplained falls in dementia: Results of &quot;Syncope &amp; Dementia&quot; registry. ( 29398249 )	Mossello E....Ungar A.	2018
3	A Population-Based Study of Syncope in the Young. ( 29407009 )	Roston T.M....Kaul P.	2018
4	Pacing for Vasovagal Syncope. ( 29967681 )	Gopinathannair R....Olshansky B.	2018
5	Prevalence of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With Syncope. ( 29379959 )	Costantino G....Casazza G.	2018
6	Syncope and Headache. ( 29904895 )	Khurana R.K.	2018
7	Pacing in Vasovagal Syncope. ( 29967677 )	Sutton R.	2018
8	Hypotensive Drugs and Syncope Due to Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults with Dementia (Syncope and Dementia Study). ( 29897099 )	Testa G....Abete P.	2018
9	AmbulatoryA diagnostic ECG monitoring for syncope and collapse: An assessment of clinical practice in the United States. ( 29314105 )	Benditt D.G....Sakaguchi S.	2018
10	Sympathetic mechanisms in an animal model of vasovagal syncope. ( 29368225 )	He W....Jiang H.	2018
11	Syncope caused by complete heart block and ventricular arrhythmia as early manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a pregnant patient: a case report. ( 29954280 )	Lo C.H....Su C.H.	2018
12	Geographical Differences in Comorbidity Burden and Outcomes in Adults With Syncope Hospitalizations inA Canada. ( 29960620 )	Abulhamayel A....Sandhu R.K.	2018
13	Outcomes in syncope research: a systematic review and critical appraisal. ( 29349639 )	Solbiati M....Costantino G.	2018
14	Does cardiac pacing reduce syncopal recurrences in cardioinhibitory vasovagal syncope patients selected with head-up tilt test? Analysis of a 5-year follow-up database. ( 29980368 )	Russo V....Nigro G.	2018
15	Cor Triatriatum as an Uncommon Cause of Recurrent Syncope. ( 29633128 )	Joseph I....Lo M.C.	2018
16	Orthostatic blood pressure recovery patterns in suspected syncope in the emergency department. ( 29367218 )	van Wijnen V.K....Harms M.P.M.	2018
17	Incidence and predictors of syncope recurrence after cardiac pacing in patients with carotid sinus syndrome. ( 29887427 )	Rivasi G....Ungar A.	2018
18	Emotional orienting during interoceptive threat in orthostatic intolerance: Dysautonomic contributions to psychological symptomatology in the postural tachycardia syndrome and vasovagal syncope. ( 29519640 )	Owens A.P....Mathias C.J.	2018
19	Review article: Utility of troponin after syncope: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ( 29873176 )	Stark C.B....Mitra B.	2018
20	Tilt testing and what you should know about it - Experience with 835 consecutive patients with syncope of unknown origin. ( 29429639 )	Gemein C....Erkapic D.	2018
21	Usefulness of Tilt Testing and Carotid Sinus Massage for Evaluating Reflex Syncope. ( 29954601 )	Rivasi G....Ungar A.	2018
22	Diagnostic accuracy of ICD-9 code 780.2 for the identification of patients with syncope in the emergency department. ( 29435866 )	Furlan L....Costantino G.	2018
23	TUBB3 E410K syndrome with osteoporosis and cough syncope in a patient previously diagnosed with atypical Moebius syndrome. ( 29289389 )	Nakamura Y....Nonoyama S.	2018
24	A single-center randomized controlled trial observing the safety and efficacy of modified step-up graded Valsalva manoeuver in patients with vasovagal syncope. ( 29381726 )	He L....Gu Y.	2018
25	Pemetrexed-Induced Syncope. ( 29927772 )	Chapman D....Taj A.	2018
26	Implantable loop recorders in patients with unexplained syncope:Clinical predictors of pacemaker implantation. ( 29399750 )	Huemer M....Blaschke F.	2018
27	Predicting syncope: The first step in a long journey? ( 29883679 )	Sheldon R.S....Raj S.	2018
28	To pace, or not to pace in vasovagal syncope? ( 29970287 )	Morita H.	2018
29	A Rare Cause of Recurrent Cerebral Ischemia and Syncope: Eagle Syndrome. ( 29489579 )	Bal K.K....Vayisoglu Y.	2018
30	Syncope in a middle aged female: Splenic artery aneurysm revisited. ( 29494993 )	Al Jalbout N....Moreland A.J.	2018
31	Treatment of carotid sinus syncope is moving towards personalized medicine. ( 29887437 )	Alboni P.	2018
32	Selection of the Best of 2017 on the Usefulness of Cardiac Stimulation in the Treatment of Vasovagal Syncope. ( 29422268 )	BarA^n-Esquivias G....Lacunza-Ruiz J.	2018
33	Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncope. ( 29872846 )	Waytz J....Stern S.D.C.	2018
34	Severe deep venous thromboembolism presenting with syncope associated with airplane travel: Case report and public health quandary. ( 29429796 )	Daniels N.A.	2018
35	Iatrogenic Splenic Laceration Presenting as Syncope. ( 29974002 )	Thiyagarajan D....Jeanmonod R.	2018
36	A case report of clonidine induced syncope: a review of central actions of an old cardiovascular drug. ( 29433586 )	Sandweiss A.J....Rozich J.	2018
37	Canine case of swallowing syncope that improved after pacemaker implantation. ( 29398674 )	Fukushima R....Machida N.	2018
38	Use of a Pediatric Syncope Unit Improves Diagnosis and Lowers Costs: A Hospital-Based Experience. ( 29961647 )	Drago F....Raponi M.	2018
39	Diagnostic yield of an ambulatory patch monitor in patients with unexplained syncope after initial evaluation in the emergency department: the PATCH-ED study. ( 29921622 )	Reed M.J....Weir C.J.	2018
40	Impact of pharmacological spasm provocation test in patients with a history of syncope. ( 28905210 )	Sueda S....Kohno H.	2017
41	Syncope, Junctional Premature Complexes, and Pseudo-Type II Atrioventricular Block. ( 29395000 )	Kawji M.M....Glancy D.L.	2017
42	The Use of Echocardiography for Pediatric Patients Presenting with Syncope. ( 28888565 )	Pelletier J.H....Hill K.D.	2017
43	Acute onset autonomic dysfunction and orthostatic syncope as an early manifestation of HIV infection. ( 28856462 )	Kohno R....Benditt D.G.	2017
44	Role of syncope in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with suspected Brugada syndrome undergoing standardized flecainide testing. ( 29309564 )	Pablo FlA^rez J....Calvo D.	2017
45	Role of closed loop stimulation pacing (CLS) in vasovagal syncope. ( 28895151 )	Ruzieh M....Grubb B.	2017
46	Giant Left Atrial Myxoma Masquerading as Cough-Syncope Syndrome. ( 28815190 )	Bowman J.N....Bajaj K.	2017
47	Role of emergency department observation units in the management of patients with unexplained syncope: a critical review and meta-analysis. ( 29306267 )	Numeroso F....Cervellin G.	2017
48	Prevalence of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department for Syncope. ( 28759507 )	Davis P....Evans D.D.	2017
49	Postural Heart Rate Changes in Young Patients With Vasovagal Syncope. ( 28351846 )	Medow M.S....Stewart J.M.	2017
50	Prohormones in the Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Syncope. ( 29426039 )	Badertscher P....Mueller C.	2017

Sources

Genes for Syncope

Genes related to Syncope (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	SLC6A2	Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 2	Protein Coding	34.86	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications Summaries (show sections)
2	SCN5A	Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 5	Protein Coding	34.72	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications Variants (show sections)
3	KCNQ1	Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q Member 1	Protein Coding	26.1	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications (show sections)
4	KCNH2	Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily H Member 2	Protein Coding	26.05	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications (show sections)
5	TTN	Titin	Protein Coding	25.23	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Variants (show sections)
6	ACTN2	Actinin Alpha 2	Protein Coding	25.23	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Variants (show sections)
7	NPPA	Natriuretic Peptide A	Protein Coding	24.95	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders Publications (show sections)
8	KCNJ2	Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily J Member 2	Protein Coding	17.54	GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)
9	GNB3	G Protein Subunit Beta 3	Protein Coding	17.49	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
10	NPPB	Natriuretic Peptide B	Protein Coding	17.42	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

Sources

Variations for Syncope

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Syncope:

⁶

#	Gene	Variation	Type	Significance	SNP ID	Assembly	Location
1	ACTN2	NM_001103.3(ACTN2): c.1040C> T (p.Thr347Met)	single nucleotide variant	Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity	rs727504590	GRCh37	Chromosome 1, 236902765: 236902765
2	ACTN2	NM_001103.3(ACTN2): c.1040C> T (p.Thr347Met)	single nucleotide variant	Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity	rs727504590	GRCh38	Chromosome 1, 236739465: 236739465
3	SCN5A	NM_001099404.1(SCN5A): c.1255C> T (p.Gln419Ter)	single nucleotide variant	Likely pathogenic	rs1057518916	GRCh38	Chromosome 3, 38606034: 38606034
4	SCN5A	NM_001099404.1(SCN5A): c.1255C> T (p.Gln419Ter)	single nucleotide variant	Likely pathogenic	rs1057518916	GRCh37	Chromosome 3, 38647525: 38647525

Sources

Expression for Syncope

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Syncope.

Sources

Pathways for Syncope

Pathways related to Syncope according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Transmission across Chemical Synapses ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Neuronal System ⁶⁶ Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell ⁶⁶	12.62	ACTN2 GNB3 KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
2	Human Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency ⁶⁴ Show member pathways Factors Promoting Cardiogenesis in Vertebrates ⁶⁴	12.08	GNB3 NPPA NPPB
3	Dopamine-DARPP32 Feedback onto cAMP Pathway ⁶⁴	11.98	GNB3 KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
4	Cardiac conduction ⁶⁶ Show member pathways Classical Kir channels ⁶⁶ Ion homeostasis ⁶⁶ Ion transport by P-type ATPases ⁶⁶ Muscle contraction ⁶⁶ Phase 1 - inactivation of fast Na+ channels ⁶⁶ Phase 3 - rapid repolarisation ⁶⁶ Phase 4 - resting membrane potential ⁶⁶ Physiological factors ⁶⁶ Tandem of pore domain in a weak inwardly rectifying K+ channels (TWIK) ⁶⁶ Tandem pore domain halothane-inhibited K+ channel (THIK) ⁶⁶ Tandem pore domain potassium channels ⁶⁶ TWIK related potassium channel (TREK) ⁶⁶ TWIK-related alkaline pH activated K+ channel (TALK) ⁶⁶ TWIK-related spinal cord K+ channel (TRESK) ⁶⁶ TWIK-releated acid-sensitive K+ channel (TASK) ⁶⁶	11.89	ACTN2 KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 NPPA SCN5A
5	Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways ¹	11.77	GNB3 KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
6	Potassium Channels ⁶⁶ Show member pathways HCN channels ⁶⁶ Voltage gated Potassium channels ⁶⁶	11.63	GNB3 KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
7	Antiarrhythmic Pathway, Pharmacodynamics ⁶¹	11	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
8	Cardiomyocyte Differentiation through BMP Receptors ⁶⁴	10.78	NPPA NPPB
9	TarBasePathway ¹	10.68	KCNJ2 KCNQ1

Sources

GO Terms for Syncope

Cellular components related to Syncope according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	intercalated disc	GO:0014704	9.26	KCNJ2 SCN5A
2	T-tubule	GO:0030315	9.16	KCNJ2 SCN5A
3	Z disc	GO:0030018	9.13	ACTN2 SCN5A TTN
4	voltage-gated potassium channel complex	GO:0008076	8.8	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1

Biological processes related to Syncope according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 33)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	ion transport	GO:0006811	9.95	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
2	transmembrane transport	GO:0055085	9.95	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A SLC6A2
3	protein folding	GO:0006457	9.81	GNB3 NPPA NPPB
4	regulation of ion transmembrane transport	GO:0034765	9.8	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
5	potassium ion transport	GO:0006813	9.79	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
6	potassium ion transmembrane transport	GO:0071805	9.79	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
7	regulation of blood pressure	GO:0008217	9.7	GNB3 NPPA NPPB
8	sarcomere organization	GO:0045214	9.66	ACTN2 TTN
9	muscle filament sliding	GO:0030049	9.65	ACTN2 TTN
10	regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization	GO:0060307	9.65	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
11	membrane depolarization during action potential	GO:0086010	9.64	KCNH2 SCN5A
12	cGMP biosynthetic process	GO:0006182	9.63	NPPA NPPB
13	positive regulation of heart rate	GO:0010460	9.63	KCNQ1 NPPA
14	positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport	GO:1901381	9.63	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
15	regulation of blood vessel size	GO:0050880	9.62	NPPA NPPB
16	cardiac conduction	GO:0061337	9.62	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
17	cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction	GO:0086002	9.61	KCNJ2 SCN5A
18	ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential	GO:0086005	9.61	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
19	regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction	GO:0086004	9.6	KCNJ2 SCN5A
20	membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential	GO:0086012	9.59	KCNJ2 SCN5A
21	positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	GO:0060452	9.58	KCNQ1 NPPA
22	membrane repolarization	GO:0086009	9.58	KCNH2 KCNQ1
23	regulation of membrane repolarization	GO:0060306	9.58	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
24	receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway	GO:0007168	9.57	NPPA NPPB
25	atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential	GO:0086014	9.56	KCNQ1 SCN5A
26	cardiac muscle contraction	GO:0060048	9.56	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A TTN
27	potassium ion export	GO:0071435	9.55	KCNH2 KCNQ1
28	membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential	GO:0098915	9.54	KCNH2 KCNQ1
29	membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential	GO:0086013	9.54	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
30	potassium ion export across plasma membrane	GO:0097623	9.51	KCNH2 KCNQ1
31	membrane repolarization during action potential	GO:0086011	9.33	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
32	regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization	GO:0060372	9.13	KCNQ1 NPPA SCN5A
33	regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction	GO:0086091	8.92	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A

Molecular functions related to Syncope according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	calmodulin binding	GO:0005516	9.63	KCNQ1 SCN5A TTN
2	ion channel binding	GO:0044325	9.58	ACTN2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
3	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding	GO:0005546	9.5	ACTN2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1
4	structural constituent of muscle	GO:0008307	9.49	ACTN2 TTN
5	delayed rectifier potassium channel activity	GO:0005251	9.48	KCNH2 KCNQ1
6	inward rectifier potassium channel activity	GO:0005242	9.43	KCNH2 KCNJ2
7	voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	GO:1902282	9.37	KCNH2 KCNQ1
8	scaffold protein binding	GO:0097110	9.33	KCNH2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
9	hormone receptor binding	GO:0051427	9.26	NPPA NPPB
10	voltage-gated ion channel activity	GO:0005244	9.26	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1 SCN5A
11	voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization	GO:0086008	8.8	KCNH2 KCNJ2 KCNQ1

Sources

Sources for Syncope

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ ExPASy

¹⁸ FDA Approved Drugs

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HGMD

³¹ HMDB

³² HPO

³³ ICD10

³⁴ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁵ ICD9CM

³⁶ IUPHAR

³⁷ KEGG

³⁸ LifeMap

³⁹ LncRNADisease

⁴⁰ LOVD

⁴¹ MalaCards

⁴² MedGen

⁴³ MedlinePlus

⁴⁴ MeSH

⁴⁵ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁶ MGI

⁴⁷ miR2Disease

⁴⁸ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁹ NCI

⁵⁰ NCIt

⁵¹ NDF-RT

⁵² NIH Clinical Center

⁵³ NIH Rare Diseases

⁵⁴ NINDS

⁵⁵ Novoseek

⁵⁶ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁷ OMIM

⁵⁸ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁹ Orphanet

⁶⁰ PathCards

⁶¹ PharmGKB

⁶² PubMed

⁶³ PubMed Health

⁶⁴ QIAGEN

⁶⁵ R&D Systems

⁶⁶ Reactome

⁶⁷ Sino Biological

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷⁰ SNOMED-CT via Orphanet

⁷¹ TGDB

⁷² Tocris

⁷³ UMLS

⁷⁴ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷⁵ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁶ Wikipedia