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MCID: THY029
MIFTS: 59

Thyroid Carcinoma

Categories: Cancer diseases, Endocrine diseases, Rare diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section

MalaCards integrated aliases for Thyroid Carcinoma:

Name: Thyroid Carcinoma 58 29 54 6 17
Thyroid Cancer 36 29 54 42

Characteristics:

Orphanet epidemiological data:

58
thyroid carcinoma
Prevalence: 6-9/10000 (Europe),1-5/10000 (United States),1-9/100000 (Worldwide),1-5/10000 (Worldwide); Age of onset: Adult;

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Cancer diseases
Anatomical: Endocrine diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
Orphanet: 58  
Rare endocrine diseases


External Ids:

KEGG 36 H00032
UMLS via Orphanet 72 C0549473
Orphanet 58 ORPHA100088
Sources

Summaries for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section
MedlinePlus : 42 Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, just above your collarbone. It makes hormones that help the body work normally. There are several types of cancer of the thyroid gland. You are at greater risk if you Are between ages 25 and 65 Are a woman Are Asian Have a family member who has had thyroid disease Have had radiation treatments to your head or neck You should see a doctor if you have a lump or swelling in your neck. Doctors use a physical exam, thyroid tests, other blood and imaging tests, and a biopsy to diagnose thyroid cancer. Treatment depends on the type of cancer you have and how far the cancer has spread. Many patients receive a combination of treatments. They may include surgery, radioactive iodine, hormone treatment, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. Targeted therapy uses drugs or other substances that attack specific cancer cells with less harm to normal cells. NIH: National Cancer Institute

MalaCards based summary : Thyroid Carcinoma, also known as thyroid cancer, is related to multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary, and has symptoms including tinnitus, snoring and sore throat. An important gene associated with Thyroid Carcinoma is RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Thyroid cancer and Transcriptional misregulation in cancer. The drugs Betamethasone and Parathyroid hormone have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, lymph node and bone, and related phenotypes are Decreased viability and Decreased viability

KEGG : 36 Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and accounts for the majority of endocrine cancer- related deaths each year. More than 95% of thyroid carcinomas are derived from follicular cells. Their behavior varies from the indolent growing, well-differentiated papillary and follicular carcinomas (PTC and FTC, respectively) to the extremely aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma (UC). Somatic rearrangements of RET and TRK are almost exclusively found in PTC and may be found in early stages. The most distinctive molecular features of FTC are the prominence of aneuploidy and the high prevalence of RAS mutations and PAX8-PPAR{gamma} rearrangements. p53 seems to play a crucial role in the dedifferentiation process of thyroid carcinoma.

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Related Diseases for Thyroid Carcinoma

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Diseases related to Thyroid Carcinoma via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 1123)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 multicentric papillary thyroid carcinoma 34.4 TG RET
2 thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary 34.4 TG RET NTRK1 NKX2-1 CALCA BRAF
3 thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1 34.1 PTCSC1 NKX2-1 NEAT1
4 multiple endocrine neoplasia, type iia 33.9 RET NTRK1 CALCA
5 differentiated thyroid carcinoma 33.2 TSHR TG RET PCM1 NTRK1 NKX2-1
6 thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2 33.1 TSHR TG PTEN HRAS CALCA BRAF
7 multiple endocrine neoplasia, type iib 33.1 RET NTRK1 NCOA4 CCDC6 CALCA
8 thyroid gland medullary carcinoma 33.0 TG RET NTRK1 NCOA4 CCDC6 CALCA
9 multiple endocrine neoplasia 33.0 RET NEAT1 CALCA
10 thyroid gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma 33.0 TG CALCA
11 cowden syndrome 1 32.4 RET PTEN PIK3CA
12 thyroid gland anaplastic carcinoma 31.8 TSHR TG RET PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1
13 thyroid gland follicular carcinoma 31.7 TSHR TG RET PTEN NTRK1 NKX2-1
14 thyroid tumor 31.4 TG RET PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
15 goiter 31.4 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 HRAS CALCA
16 adenoma 31.3 TSHR TG RET PIK3CA CDH1 BRAF
17 graves disease 1 31.3 TSHR TG CALCA
18 pheochromocytoma 31.1 RET NTRK1 HRAS CDH1 CALCA
19 hypothyroidism 31.1 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 CALCA BRAF
20 nodular goiter 31.1 TSHR TG RET HRAS CALCA BRAF
21 thyroiditis 31.0 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 NCOA4 HRAS
22 hashimoto thyroiditis 30.9 TSHR TG RET NCOA4 CALCA BRAF
23 endemic goiter 30.9 TSHR TG CALCA
24 multinodular goiter 30.9 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 HRAS CALCA
25 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma 30.9 TSHR TG NKX2-1 CALCA BRAF
26 papillary adenocarcinoma 30.9 NKX2-1 HRAS CDH1
27 thyroid gland disease 30.8 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 NCOA4 CALCA
28 ovarian germ cell teratoma 30.8 TG RET NKX2-1 NCOA4
29 struma ovarii 30.8 TSHR TG RET NKX2-1 NCOA4 BRAF
30 malignant struma ovarii 30.8 TG RET NKX2-1 NCOA4
31 papillary carcinoma 30.8 TSHR TG RET NTRK1 NKX2-1 NCOA4
32 neuroendocrine tumor 30.8 RET NKX2-1 HRAS CDH1 CALCA
33 cowden syndrome 30.7 RET PTEN PIK3CA HRAS
34 toxic diffuse goiter 30.6 TSHR TG
35 benign struma ovarii 30.6 TG RET NCOA4
36 postsurgical hypothyroidism 30.6 TG RET
37 thyroid crisis 30.6 TSHR TG
38 multiple mucosal neuroma 30.5 RET NTRK1 CALCA
39 melanoma, cutaneous malignant 1 30.5 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
40 ganglioneuroma 30.5 RET PTEN NTRK1
41 substernal goiter 30.4 TG CALCA
42 thymoma 30.4 TG PIK3CA NKX2-1 HRAS
43 thymic carcinoma 30.4 TG NKX2-1 CALCA
44 nonencapsulated sclerosing carcinoma 30.4 TG RET CALCA
45 meningioma, familial 30.4 RET PTEN PIK3CA CDH1
46 neuroendocrine carcinoma 30.4 PTEN NKX2-1 CDH1 CALCA
47 mucoepidermoid carcinoma 30.3 TG NKX2-1 CDH1 CALCA
48 hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 2 30.3 TSHR TG NKX2-1
49 thyroid lymphoma 30.3 TG CALCA
50 nontoxic goiter 30.3 TSHR TG CALCA

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Thyroid Carcinoma:



Diseases related to Thyroid Carcinoma
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section

UMLS symptoms related to Thyroid Carcinoma:


tinnitus, snoring, sore throat, coughing, vertigo/dizziness, equilibration disorder

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26 (show all 13)
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Decreased viability GR00055-A-1 9.97 HRAS PIK3CA BRAF
2 Decreased viability GR00055-A-2 9.97 HRAS PIK3CA BRAF
3 Decreased viability GR00221-A-1 9.97 AXL CDH1 HRAS PIK3CA RET
4 Decreased viability GR00221-A-2 9.97 AXL HRAS PIK3CA RET
5 Decreased viability GR00221-A-3 9.97 HRAS NTRK1
6 Decreased viability GR00221-A-4 9.97 AXL PIK3CA RET BRAF
7 Decreased viability GR00249-S 9.97 BRAF NTRK1
8 Decreased viability GR00301-A 9.97 AXL CDH1 RET BRAF NTRK1
9 Decreased viability GR00381-A-1 9.97 BRAF
10 Decreased viability GR00402-S-2 9.97 CDH1 PIK3CA RET
11 Decreased substrate adherent cell growth GR00193-A-1 9.43 AXL
12 Decreased substrate adherent cell growth GR00193-A-3 9.43 AXL BRAF
13 Decreased substrate adherent cell growth GR00193-A-4 9.43 AXL BRAF NTRK1

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Thyroid Carcinoma:

45
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.18 AXL BRAF CDH1 HRAS NCOA4 NKX2-1
2 cellular MP:0005384 10.17 AXL BRAF CDH1 MLF1 NCOA4 NKX2-1
3 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.14 AXL BRAF CDH1 HRAS MLF1 NKX2-1
4 immune system MP:0005387 10.1 AXL BRAF CDH1 MLF1 NTRK1 PCM1
5 nervous system MP:0003631 9.9 AXL BRAF HRAS NKX2-1 NTRK1 PCM1
6 neoplasm MP:0002006 9.86 BRAF CDH1 HRAS NKX2-1 PIK3CA PTEN
7 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.65 AXL BRAF CDH1 NKX2-1 PCM1 PIK3CA
8 skeleton MP:0005390 9.28 AXL BRAF HRAS NKX2-1 PCM1 PIK3CA
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Thyroid Carcinoma

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Drugs for Thyroid Carcinoma (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 316)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Betamethasone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 378-44-9 9782
2
Parathyroid hormone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 9002-64-6
3
Tramadol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 27203-92-5 33741
4
Acetaminophen Approved Phase 4 103-90-2 1983
5
Guaifenesin Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 93-14-1 3516
6
Codeine Approved, Illicit Phase 4 76-57-3 5284371
7
Tyrosine Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Phase 4 60-18-4 6057
8 Anti-Asthmatic Agents Phase 4
9 Betamethasone acetate Phase 4
10 Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Phase 4
11 Analgesics Phase 4
12 Respiratory System Agents Phase 4
13 Narcotics Phase 4
14 Antitussive Agents Phase 4
15 Analgesics, Opioid Phase 4
16 Antipyretics Phase 4
17 Chlorpheniramine, phenylpropanolamine drug combination Phase 4
18
Sorafenib Approved, Investigational Phase 3 284461-73-0 216239 406563
19
Glucagon Approved Phase 3 16941-32-5
20
Cinacalcet Approved Phase 3 226256-56-0 156419
21 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Phase 2, Phase 3
22 Calcium, Dietary Phase 3
23 Fibrin Tissue Adhesive Phase 3
24 Coagulants Phase 3
25 Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Phase 3
26 Insulin, Globin Zinc Phase 3
27 insulin Phase 3
28
Apatinib Phase 3 811803-05-1
29
Calcium Nutraceutical Phase 3 7440-70-2 271
30
Pemetrexed Approved, Investigational Phase 2 137281-23-3, 150399-23-8 60843 446556
31
leucovorin Approved Phase 2 58-05-9 6006 143
32
Somatostatin Approved, Investigational Phase 2 38916-34-6, 51110-01-1 53481605
33
Loperamide Approved Phase 1, Phase 2 53179-11-6 3955
34
Indinavir Approved Phase 2 150378-17-9 5362440
35
Ritonavir Approved, Investigational Phase 2 155213-67-5 392622
36
Celecoxib Approved, Investigational Phase 2 169590-42-5 2662
37
Panobinostat Approved, Investigational Phase 2 404950-80-7 6918837
38
Vorinostat Approved, Investigational Phase 2 149647-78-9 5311
39
Romidepsin Approved, Investigational Phase 2 128517-07-7 5352062
40
Azacitidine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 320-67-2 9444
41
Gefitinib Approved, Investigational Phase 2 184475-35-2 123631
42
Capecitabine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 154361-50-9 60953
43
Decitabine Approved, Investigational Phase 2 2353-33-5 451668
44
Axitinib Approved, Investigational Phase 2 319460-85-0 6450551
45
Pasireotide Approved Phase 2 396091-73-9 9941444
46
Valproic acid Approved, Investigational Phase 2 99-66-1 3121
47
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 1, Phase 2 51-45-6 774
48
Fluorouracil Approved Phase 2 51-21-8 3385
49
Hydroxyurea Approved Phase 2 127-07-1 3657
50
Sodium citrate Approved, Investigational Phase 2 68-04-2

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 614)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 The Use of Lu177 in the Treatment of Progressive and Unresectable Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Unknown status NCT01915485 Phase 4
2 Total Thyroidectomy With Harmonic Scalpel® Versus Standard Surgery. Open Multicentric Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT00385983 Phase 4
3 Evaluation of Potential Benefits of Using Steroids in the Postoperative Transient Hypoparathyroidism Total Thyroidectomy Unknown status NCT02652884 Phase 4 phosphate and betamethasone acetate, 2 mL.;saline 0.9% NaCl
4 A Dosimetry Study of Radioiodine (131-I) Uptake Following the Administration of Thyrogen and Hypothyroid States During Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal Completed NCT00001730 Phase 4 Thyrogen
5 Is it Possible to Increase Quality of Life, Using Recombinant TSH Instead of Withdrawal of Thyroid Hormone Treatment, Before Iodine Uptake in Patients With Thyroid Cancer? Completed NCT00604318 Phase 4 rhTSH
6 Diagnostic Accuracy Study of Indocyanine Green for Parathyroid Perfusion Assessment Completed NCT03969108 Phase 4 Indocyanine Green
7 Prospective Single Arm Post Marketing Phase IV Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Lenvatinib in Subjects With Locally Recurrent or Metastatic, Progressive, Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recruiting NCT03573960 Phase 4 Lenvatinib
8 A Randomized, Double-blind Study To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cabozantinib (XL184) at 60 mg/Day Compared to a 140 mg/Day in Progressive, Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients Recruiting NCT01896479 Phase 4 Cabozantinib (XL184) 140 mg;Cabozantinib (XL184) 60 mg;Placebo tablet;Placebo capsule
9 An International, Randomised, Double-Blind, Two-Arm Study To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Vandetanib 150 And 300mg/Day In Patients With Unresectable Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Progressive Or Symptomatic Disease Active, not recruiting NCT01496313 Phase 4 300mg vandetanib;150mg vandetanib
10 Minimizing Narcotic Analgesics After Thyroid or Parathyroid Surgery Active, not recruiting NCT03469310 Phase 4 Acetaminophen 500Mg Cap;Tylenol #3 Oral Tablet;Tramadol
11 Levothyroxine Replacement With Liquid Gel Capsules or Tablets in Post-thyroidectomy Stage in Low Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Terminated NCT02946918 Phase 4 Levothyroxine
12 Therapeutic Role of Levothyroxine on the Patients With Atypia of Undetermined Significance (AUS) Goiter Withdrawn NCT02329379 Phase 4 Levothyroxine
13 Medico-Economic Comparison of Four Strategies of Radioiodine Ablation in Thyroid Carcinoma Patients - Estimabl Unknown status NCT00435851 Phase 3 Thyrogen, thyroid hormone withdrawal, iode 131
14 Prophylactic Central Lymph Node Dissection in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Completed NCT00795782 Phase 3
15 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib Versus Placebo in Patients With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma(ALTER01031) Completed NCT02586350 Phase 2, Phase 3 Anlotinib;Placebo
16 Decision Aid on Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Early Stage Papillary Thyroid Cancer (Randomized Controlled Trial) Completed NCT01083550 Phase 2, Phase 3
17 Efficacy of Subfascial Approach in Thyroidectomy to Quality of Life in Thyroid Disease Patients: Prospective Randomized Study Completed NCT01616316 Phase 2, Phase 3
18 Follow-up of Thyroid Cancer Patients From Study THYR-008-00 Who Received Thyroid Remnant Ablation Using Either the Hypothyroid or the Thyrogen Method. Completed NCT00295763 Phase 3 Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa for injection)
19 Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy to Lateral Neck Lymph Node in Thyroid Carcinoma: Prospective Study Completed NCT01137097 Phase 2, Phase 3
20 Efficacy of Fibrin Sealant to Reduce the Amount of Postoperative Drain in Patients With Harmonic Scalpel-assisted Total Thyroidectomy With Anterior Compartment Neck Dissections Completed NCT01126060 Phase 3 Usage of Fibrin sealant
21 A Double-Blind Randomized Phase III Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Sorafenib Compared to Placebo in Locally Advanced/Metastatic RAI-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed NCT00984282 Phase 3 Sorafenib (Nexavar, BAY43-9006);Placebo
22 The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) In the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed NCT00794053 Phase 3
23 Phase 3 Trial of Adjuvant External Beam Radiotherapy for Locally Invasive Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Completed NCT00144079 Phase 3
24 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial of Lenvatinib (E7080) in 131I-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed NCT01321554 Phase 3 Lenvatinib;Placebo;Lenvatinib
25 Cinacalcet Actions in Familial Primary Hyperparathyroidism Completed NCT00325104 Phase 3
26 A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multi-National Pilot Study of Thyroid Remnant Ablation Comparing the Safety and Ablation Rate Following 131I Administration Using Thyrogen® Versus the Safety and Ablation Rate Following 131I Administration in the Hypothyroid State Completed NCT00196729 Phase 3 Thyrogen + Radioiodine (131I)
27 A Phase I/II, Phase III and Extended Phase III Study of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FluGlucoScan) in Patients With Cancer or Suspected Cancer Completed NCT00123760 Phase 2, Phase 3
28 Liraglutide in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Completed NCT01722266 Phase 3 Liraglutide;Placebo
29 A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Cabozantinib (XL184) in Subjects With Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Who Have Progressed After Prior VEGFR-Targeted Therapy Recruiting NCT03690388 Phase 3 Cabozantinib;Placebo
30 Is Ablative Radio-iodine Necessary for Low Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Recruiting NCT01398085 Phase 2, Phase 3
31 A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Phase 3 Trial Comparing Selpercatinib to Physicians Choice of Cabozantinib or Vandetanib in Patients With Progressive, Advanced, Kinase Inhibitor Naïve, RET-Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer (LIBRETTO-531) Recruiting NCT04211337 Phase 3 Selpercatinib;Cabozantinib;Vandetanib
32 Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in the Thyroid Carcinoma; Randomized, Prospective Study Recruiting NCT01149161 Phase 2, Phase 3
33 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind,Placebo-controlled,Phase 3 Trial of Donafenib in 131IRefractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Recruiting NCT03602495 Phase 3 Donafenib;Placebo
34 Multicentric Phase III Trial Comparing Two Strategies in Intermediate-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients: Systematic Radioiodine Administration (3.7 GBq I131 After rhTSH) Versus Decision of Radioiodine Treatment Guided by a Post-operative Work-up Based on Serum Tg Values and Diagnostic RAI Scintigraphy Recruiting NCT04290663 Phase 3 Systematic RAI-treatment
35 Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: is There a Need for Radioiodine Ablation in Low Risk Patients? Recruiting NCT01837745 Phase 3 rhTSH stimulation;I131
36 An International, Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Study to Assess the Efficacy of ZD6474 (ZACTIMATM) Versus Placebo in Subjects With Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Active, not recruiting NCT00410761 Phase 3 ZD6474 (Vandetanib)
37 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib Versus Placebo in Patients With 131I-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer(ALTER01032) Active, not recruiting NCT02586337 Phase 2, Phase 3 Anlotinib;Placebo
38 Phase â…¡ Non-randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial About Effect of Remnant Ablation Therapy on the Recurrence in Low-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Active, not recruiting NCT02418247 Phase 2, Phase 3 I131;I123
39 An International, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Phase 3 Efficacy Study of XL184 Versus Placebo in Subjects With Unresectable, Locally Advanced, or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Active, not recruiting NCT00704730 Phase 3 XL184;Placebo
40 A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Apatinib in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Radioactive Iodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Active, not recruiting NCT03048877 Phase 3 Apatinib Oral Tablet;Placebo Oral Tablet
41 Multicentre Randomised Trial of High Dose Versus Low Dose Radioiodine, With or Without Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, for Remnant Ablation Following Surgery for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer [HILO] Active, not recruiting NCT00415233 Phase 3
42 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial of Lenvatinib (E7080) in 131 I-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in China Active, not recruiting NCT02966093 Phase 3 Lenvatinib;Placebo
43 A Randomized,Int.,Open-Label Phase III Study to Assess the Effect of a Patient Outreach Program on the Percentage of Time Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic MTC Experience Grade 2 or Higher AEs in the First 12 Months of Treatment With Vandetanib Active, not recruiting NCT01298323 Phase 3 Vandetanib
44 A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Centre Phase III Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Vandetanib (CAPRELSAâ„¢; SAR390530 (Formerly AstraZeneca ZD6474)) 300 mg in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer That Is Either Locally Advanced or Metastatic Who Are Refractory or Unsuitable for Radioiodine (RAI) Therapy. Active, not recruiting NCT01876784 Phase 3 Vandetanib (SAR390530);Placebo
45 Effect of the Radioiodine Dose in Thyroid Ablation- A Randomized Comparison of 1110 MBq to 3700 MBq Active, not recruiting NCT00115895 Phase 3 Radioactive iodine
46 ESTIMation of the ABiLity of Prophylactic Central Compartment Neck Dissection to Modify Outcomes in Low-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Not yet recruiting NCT03570021 Phase 3
47 A Phase II/III Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Combretastatin A-4 Phosphate in Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Comparison With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Against Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma [FACT] Terminated NCT00507429 Phase 2, Phase 3 CA4P;paclitaxel;carboplatin
48 A Randomised, Double Blind Study to Compare the Complete Remission Rate Following a 5-Week Course of Selumetinib or Placebo and Single Dose Adjuvant Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Terminated NCT01843062 Phase 3 Selumetinib;Placebo;Radioactive Iodine Therapy
49 A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Fosbretabulin Tromethamine (CA4P) in Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (FACT2) Withdrawn NCT01701349 Phase 3 Fosbretabulin + paclitaxel + carboplatin;Placebo + paclitaxel + carboplatin
50 A Phase II Study to Investigate the Efficacy of RAD001 (Afinitor®, Everolimus) in Patients With Irresectable Recurrent or Metastatic Differentiated, Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Unknown status NCT01118065 Phase 2 everolimus

Search NIH Clinical Center for Thyroid Carcinoma

Sources

Genetic Tests for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section

Genetic tests related to Thyroid Carcinoma:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Thyroid Cancer 29
2 Thyroid Carcinoma 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Thyroid Carcinoma:

40
Thyroid, Lymph Node, Bone, Breast, Lung, Testes, Brain
Sources

Publications for Thyroid Carcinoma

About this section

Articles related to Thyroid Carcinoma:

(show top 50) (show all 36816)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Clinical and prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio for patients with thyroid cancer: A meta-analysis. 42 61
32443286 2020
2
Can high-frequency ultrasound combined computed tomography accurately diagnose thyroid tumor?: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. 42
32443337 2020
3
A simple, efficient, and safe way of finding recurrent laryngeal nerve beneficial for PTC patients. 42
32384495 2020
4
INSL3 has tumor-promoting activity in thyroid cancer. 54 61
19950223 2010
5
The type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with increased bone turnover and decreased femoral neck bone mineral density. 61 54
20200941 2010
6
RAS mutation-positive follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in a struma ovarii. 61 54
19898969 2010
7
Diagnostic utility of galectin-3 in thyroid cancer. 54 61
20363921 2010
8
Relaxin enhances S100A4 and promotes growth of human thyroid carcinoma cell xenografts. 61 54
20332215 2010
9
Encapsulated thyroid tumors of follicular cell origin with high grade features (high mitotic rate/tumor necrosis): a clinicopathologic and molecular study. 54 61
19913280 2010
10
Does recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulated positron emission tomography with [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose improve detection of recurrence of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma in patients with low serum thyroglobulin? 54 61
20017617 2010
11
[Usefulness of the determination of thyroglobulin in lymph node aspirates of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and positive antithyroglobulin antibodies]. 61 54
20096208 2009
12
Proliferation and survival molecules implicated in the inhibition of BRAF pathway in thyroid cancer cells harbouring different genetic mutations. 54 61
19878585 2009
13
Molecularly targeted therapies for thyroid cancers. 61 54
19546052 2009
14
Urokinase receptor, MMP-1 and MMP-9 are markers to differentiate prognosis, adenoma and carcinoma in thyroid malignancies. 54 61
19480010 2009
15
Re-differentiation of thyroid carcinoma cell lines treated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine and retinoic acid. 54 61
19524134 2009
16
Regulation of uptake of 18F-FDG by a follicular human thyroid cancer cell line with mutation-activated K-ras. 54 61
19652218 2009
17
New targets and therapeutic approaches for endocrine malignancies. 54 61
19374919 2009
18
Multiple neoplasia in a 15-year-old girl with familial adenomatous polyposis. 54 61
19564752 2009
19
Epigenetic silencing of TTF-1/NKX2-1 through DNA hypermethylation and histone H3 modulation in thyroid carcinomas. 54 61
19506552 2009
20
[Expression and significance of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in differentiated thyroid carcinoma]. 61 54
19771906 2009
21
Germline variation of the melanocortin-1 receptor does not explain shared risk for melanoma and thyroid cancer. 61 54
19493000 2009
22
DeltaNp73alpha inhibits PTEN expression in thyroid cancer cells. 54 61
19173293 2009
23
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor 1 signaling in human thyroid-stimulating hormone-independent thyroid carcinoma FRO cells results in a more chemosensitive and less angiogenic phenotype. 61 54
19499990 2009
24
How molecular pathology is changing and will change the therapeutics of patients with follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer. 54 61
19147628 2009
25
Gal-3 is stimulated by gain-of-function p53 mutations and modulates chemoresistance in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. 61 54
19199318 2009
26
Sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma: clinical data from a university hospital. 54 61
19488601 2009
27
Aberrant BRAF splicing as an alternative mechanism for oncogenic B-Raf activation in thyroid carcinoma. 54 61
19156774 2009
28
Lysosomal acid hydrolases of the cathepsin family are novel targets of INSL3 in human thyroid carcinoma cells. 61 54
19416220 2009
29
HAND1 gene expression is negatively regulated by the High Mobility Group A1 proteins and is drastically reduced in human thyroid carcinomas. 54 61
19060921 2009
30
TTF-1 expression in ovarian and uterine epithelial neoplasia and its potential significance, an immunohistochemical assessment with multiple monoclonal antibodies and different secondary detection systems. 61 54
19047914 2009
31
Evaluation of a new method for the diagnosis of alterations of Lens culinaris agglutinin binding of thyroglobulin molecules in thyroid carcinoma. 61 54
19743952 2009
32
Radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma with thyroglobulin positive and radioactive iodine negative metastases. 54 61
19160311 2009
33
Heterophile antibodies may falsely increase or decrease thyroglobulin measurement in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. 54 61
19589101 2009
34
Thyroid peroxidase and galectin-3 immunostaining in differentiated thyroid carcinoma with clinicopathologic correlation. 54 61
18657294 2008
35
Multifocal hyperfunctioning thyroid carcinoma without metastases. 54 61
17826928 2008
36
CREB3L2-PPARgamma fusion mutation identifies a thyroid signaling pathway regulated by intramembrane proteolysis. 54 61
18757431 2008
37
Association between H-RAS T81C genetic polymorphism and gastrointestinal cancer risk: a population based case-control study in China. 61 54
18783589 2008
38
Expression analysis of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) in human thyroid carcinoma cell lines and primary tumors. 54 61
18571834 2008
39
Induction of sodium iodide symporter gene and molecular characterisation of HNF3 beta/FoxA2, TTF-1 and C/EBP beta in thyroid carcinoma cells. 61 54
18682709 2008
40
Predictive factors of carcinoma in 327 patients with follicular neoplasm of the thyroid. 54 61
18758416 2008
41
Long-term outcome of 495 TNM stage I or II patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma followed up with neck ultrasonography and thyroglobulin measurements on T4 treatment. 54 61
18284635 2008
42
Can calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen doubling times predict progression of thyroid carcinoma? 61 54
18542112 2008
43
Rosiglitazone effect on radioiodine uptake in thyroid carcinoma patients with high thyroglobulin but negative total body scan: a correlation with the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. 61 54
18630997 2008
44
Serum galectin-1 and galectin-3 levels in benign and malignant nodular thyroid disease. 54 61
18630998 2008
45
[Response of thyroglobulin, anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, TSH, FT4 and total T3 after rhTSH stimulation in differentiated thyroid carcinoma]. 61 54
18682151 2008
46
Expression and distribution of S-100, CD83 and apoptosis-related proteins (Fas, FasL and Bcl-2) in tissues of thyroid carcinoma. 61 54
18840555 2008
47
Utility of fluorodeoxyglucose-PET in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. 61 54
18528186 2008
48
Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in brain metastases: a useful indicator of pulmonary origin. 54 61
18413286 2008
49
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibits follicular and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells growth by upregulating p21Cip1/WAF1 gene in a Sp1-dependent manner. 54 61
18509005 2008
50
Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis by DJ-1 in thyroid cancer cells. 61 54
18430896 2008
Sources

Variations for Thyroid Carcinoma

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Thyroid Carcinoma:

6 ‎‎
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID GRCh37 Pos GRCh38 Pos
1 RET NM_020975.6(RET):c.1900T>C (p.Cys634Arg)SNV Pathogenic 13917 rs75076352 10:43609948-43609948 10:43114500-43114500
Sources

Expression for Thyroid Carcinoma

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Thyroid Carcinoma.
Sources

Pathways for Thyroid Carcinoma

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Pathways related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to KEGG:

36
# Name Kegg Source Accession
1 Thyroid cancer hsa05216
2 Transcriptional misregulation in cancer hsa05202

Pathways related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 29)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
NFAT and Cardiac Hypertrophy 63
Show member pathways
 12.77 PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS BRAF
2
Gastric cancer 36
Show member pathways
 12.68 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS CDH1 BRAF
3
Ras signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 12.64 PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS CDH1 BRAF
4
Glioma 36
Show member pathways
 12.57 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS CDH1 BRAF
5
ErbB signaling pathway 36 1
Show member pathways
 12.51 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF AXL
6
Development HGF signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.48 PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS CDH1 BRAF
7
VEGF Signaling 66
Show member pathways
 12.41 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS CDH1
8
Endometrial cancer 36
Show member pathways
 12.36 RET PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 NCOA4 HRAS
9
mTOR signaling pathway (KEGG) 36
Show member pathways
 12.34 SDC4 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
10
B cell receptor signaling pathway (KEGG) 36
Show member pathways
 12.33 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
11
Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades 22
Show member pathways
 12.32 SDC4 PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
12
Proteoglycans in cancer 36
12.2 SDC4 PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
13
Development EGFR signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.2 PIK3CA HRAS CDH1 BRAF
14
G-protein signaling RAC1 in cellular process 22
Show member pathways
 12.18 PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS CDH1 BRAF AXL
15
MAPK Signaling: Mitogens 64
Show member pathways
 12.11 PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS BRAF
16
Jak Stat Signaling Pathway 66
Show member pathways
 12.02 PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
17
Pathways in cancer 36
12 RET PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 NCOA4 HRAS
18
FoxO signaling pathway 36
Show member pathways
 11.93 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
19
Bladder cancer 36 1
11.66 HRAS CDH1 BRAF
20
Pathways Affected in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma 1
11.6 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS
21
VEGF Pathway (Tocris) 60
Show member pathways
 11.54 RET PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
22
PDGFR-beta signaling pathway 1
11.48 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS
23
Central carbon metabolism in cancer 36
11.4 RET PTEN PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS
24
Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) signaling pathway 1
11.39 TSHR PIK3CA HRAS BRAF
25
Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase 1
11.27 RET PIK3CA HRAS
26
a6b1 and a6b4 Integrin signaling 1
11.12 PIK3CA HRAS CDH1
27
PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and therapeutic opportunities 1
11.09 PTEN PIK3CA HRAS
28
Thyroxine (Thyroid Hormone) Production 1
10.36 TSHR TG
29
RNAi Pathway 63
10.19 RET PIK3CA HRAS
Sources

GO Terms for Thyroid Carcinoma

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Cellular components related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 receptor complex GO:0043235 8.92 TSHR RET NTRK1 AXL

Biological processes related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 14)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 9.92 RET PTEN NKX2-1 HRAS BRAF
2 protein phosphorylation GO:0006468 9.88 RET PIK3CA NTRK1 CALCA BRAF AXL
3 cell migration GO:0016477 9.84 SDC4 PTEN PIK3CA AXL
4 axon guidance GO:0007411 9.81 RET PIK3CA NTRK1 NKX2-1
5 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade GO:0070374 9.78 PTEN NTRK1 HRAS BRAF
6 positive regulation of kinase activity GO:0033674 9.67 RET NTRK1 AXL
7 peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0018108 9.67 RET NTRK1 BRAF AXL
8 protein kinase B signaling GO:0043491 9.5 PTEN PIK3CA AXL
9 regulation of axon regeneration GO:0048679 9.46 PTEN BRAF
10 myeloid progenitor cell differentiation GO:0002318 9.43 MLF1 BRAF
11 endothelial cell migration GO:0043542 9.43 PTEN PIK3CA CALCA
12 negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524 9.35 PIK3CA NTRK1 HRAS BRAF AXL
13 thyroid gland development GO:0030878 9.33 TG NKX2-1 BRAF
14 cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus GO:1990090 8.92 PTEN NTRK1 CALCA BRAF

Molecular functions related to Thyroid Carcinoma according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 identical protein binding GO:0042802 9.56 TG SDC4 PTEN PCM1 NTRK1 CDH1
2 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0004714 9.33 RET NTRK1 AXL
3 protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0004713 8.92 RET NTRK1 BRAF AXL
Sources

Sources for Thyroid Carcinoma

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 TGDB
70 Tocris
71 UMLS
72 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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