Thyroid Gland Disease disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: THY030 MIFTS: 45	Thyroid Gland Disease Categories: Endocrine diseases	Data Licensing For inquiries, contact: [email protected]
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Aliases & Classifications for Thyroid Gland Disease

MalaCards integrated aliases for Thyroid Gland Disease:

Name: Thyroid Gland Disease ¹¹ ¹⁴

Abnormality of the Thyroid Gland ²⁸ ⁵

Thyroid Diseases ⁴³ ⁷¹

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Endocrine diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³¹

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Disorders of thyroid gland

Other disorders of thyroid

Disorder of thyroid, unspecified

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹¹ DOID:50

ICD9CM ³⁴ 246.9

MeSH ⁴³ D013959

NCIt ⁴⁹ C26893

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁸ 14304000

ICD10 ³¹ E07.9

UMLS ⁷¹ C0040128

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Summaries for Thyroid Gland Disease

Disease Ontology: ¹¹ An endocrine system disease that is located in the thyroid.

MalaCards based summary: Thyroid Gland Disease, also known as abnormality of the thyroid gland, is related to hyperthyroxinemia and graves disease 1. An important gene associated with Thyroid Gland Disease is COL7A1 (Collagen Type VII Alpha 1 Chain), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Thyroid hormones production and peripheral downstream signaling effects and Cell differentiation - expanded index. The drugs Nitroprusside and Nitric Oxide have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, lymph node and eye, and related phenotype is no phenotypic analysis.

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Related Diseases for Thyroid Gland Disease

Diseases related to Thyroid Gland Disease via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 616)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hyperthyroxinemia	32.4	TSHR TPO SERPINA7
2	graves disease 1	32.3	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 POMC
3	hyperthyroidism	32.3	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 POMC
4	goiter	32.3	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 RET
5	graves' disease	32.2	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 PAX8 ICOSLG
6	hypothyroidism	32.2	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 RET
7	autoimmune disease	31.8	TSHR TPO TG INS ICOSLG
8	nodular goiter	31.8	TSHR TPO TG RET MIR199A1 CALCA
9	hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 2	31.7	TSHR TG PAX8
10	adenoma	31.5	TSHR TRH TG RET POMC
11	subacute thyroiditis	31.4	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
12	plummer's disease	31.3	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 CALCA
13	congenital hypothyroidism	31.2	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 PAX8
14	type 1 diabetes mellitus	31.2	TPO TG INS ICOSLG CALCA
15	graves ophthalmopathy	31.1	TSHR TG
16	thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary	31.1	TG RET CALCA
17	endemic goiter	31.1	TSHR TRH TPO TG SERPINA7 PAX8
18	celiac disease 1	31.1	TPO TG INS ICOSLG H2AC18
19	hypoparathyroidism	31.1	TPO RET INS CALCA
20	vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 1	31.1	TPO TG POMC ICOSLG
21	pernicious anemia	31.0	TPO TG INS ICOSLG
22	myxedema	31.0	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 POMC INS
23	thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2	30.9	TSHR TG PAX8 CALCA
24	thyroid gland cancer	30.8	TSHR TPO TG RET POMC PAX8
25	multiple endocrine neoplasia	30.8	TG RET POMC CALCA
26	toxic diffuse goiter	30.8	TSHR TPO TG
27	turner syndrome	30.8	TPO TG SERPINA7 INS
28	thyroid lymphoma	30.7	TPO TG RET CALCA
29	autoimmune gastritis	30.7	TPO TG ICOSLG
30	thyroid gland medullary carcinoma	30.6	TG RET POMC PAX8 MIR9-1 MIR222
31	connective tissue disease	30.6	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B MIR138-1
32	hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 1	30.6	TSHR TG PAX8
33	skin disease	30.6	POMC MIR9-1 MIR221 MIR199A1 INS ICOSLG
34	postsurgical hypothyroidism	30.6	TSHR TPO TG
35	thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1	30.6	MIR222 MIR221 MIR146B MIR138-1
36	euthyroid sick syndrome	30.5	TRH TG SERPINA7 POMC
37	premature menopause	30.5	TPO TG POMC INS CALCA
38	acute thyroiditis	30.5	TPO TG SERPINA7 CALCA
39	thyroid crisis	30.5	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 POMC
40	lipid metabolism disorder	30.5	POMC MIR199A1 INS H2AC18
41	goiter, multinodular 1, with or without sertoli-leydig cell tumors	30.5	TPO TG
42	thyroid hormone resistance, generalized, autosomal dominant	30.5	TSHR TRH TG SERPINA7
43	nontoxic goiter	30.5	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 ICOSLG CALCA
44	papillary carcinoma	30.5	TSHR TPO TG RET PAX8 CALCA
45	type 2 diabetes mellitus	30.5	TPO POMC MIR9-1 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B
46	hypoadrenocorticism, familial	30.5	TPO TG POMC
47	thyroiditis	30.5	TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 RET INS
48	bone disease	30.5	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 ICOSLG H2AC18
49	eye disease	30.4	TSHR POMC MIR9-1 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B
50	head and neck cancer	30.4	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B ICOSLG

Comorbidity relations with Thyroid Gland Disease via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):

Hypertension, Essential

Hypothyroidism

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Thyroid Gland Disease

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	no phenotypic analysis	MP:0003012	9.28	INS MIR138-1 MIR199A1 MIR208A MIR9-1 PAX8

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Thyroid Gland Disease

Drugs for Thyroid Gland Disease (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 356)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Nitroprusside

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

15078-28-1

11963622

Nitric Oxide

Approved

Phase 4

10102-43-9

145068

Parathyroid hormone

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

9002-64-6

Prednisolone phosphate

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

302-25-0

Prednisolone acetate

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

52-21-1

Prednisolone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

50-24-8

4894 5755

Prednisone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

53-03-2

5865

Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate

Approved

Phase 4

2921-57-5

1875

Methylprednisolone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

83-43-2

4159 6741

Codeine

Approved, Illicit

Phase 4

76-57-3, 6854-40-6

5284371 5362471

Diazepam

Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 4

439-14-5

3016

Lidocaine

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

137-58-6

3676

Tramadol

Approved, Investigational

Phase 4

27203-92-5

33741 5523

Ropivacaine

Approved

Phase 4

84057-95-4

71273 175805

Magnesium sulfate

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 4

7487-88-9

Metformin

Approved

Phase 4

1115-70-4, 657-24-9

4091

Triamcinolone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

124-94-7

31307

Betamethasone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

378-44-9

9782

Hyaluronic acid

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 4

9004-61-9

53477741

D-Tyrosine

Approved, Experimental, Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 4

133585-56-5, 60-18-4, 556-02-5

1153 6057

Prednisolone hemisuccinate

Experimental

Phase 4

2920-86-7

4897

Vasodilator Agents

Phase 4

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal

Phase 4

Antiemetics

Phase 4

Gastrointestinal Agents

Phase 4

Methylprednisolone Acetate

Phase 4

584547

Antitussive Agents

Phase 4

Methylene diphosphonate

Phase 4

Diphosphonates

Phase 4

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium

Phase 4

Neuroprotective Agents

Phase 4

Technetium Tc 99m Medronate

Phase 4

Sodium Channel Blockers

Phase 4

Diuretics, Potassium Sparing

Phase 4

Analgesics, Opioid

Phase 4

Narcotics

Phase 4

Calcium, Dietary

Phase 4

Anticonvulsants

Phase 4

calcium channel blockers

Phase 4

Tocolytic Agents

Phase 4

Hormones

Phase 4

Hormone Antagonists

Phase 4

glucocorticoids

Phase 4

Anti-Asthmatic Agents

Phase 4

Respiratory System Agents

Phase 4

HIV Protease Inhibitors

Phase 4

protease inhibitors

Phase 4

Hypoglycemic Agents

Phase 4

Insulin, Globin Zinc

Phase 4

Insulin

Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 842)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	The Beneficial Effect of L-Thyroxine Long -Term Replacement on Lipid Profiles and Atherosclerosis in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Study	Unknown status	NCT01831869	Phase 4	L-thyroxine
2	Does Sodium Nitroprusside Infusion Affect Thyroidal Function in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial.	Unknown status	NCT00636584	Phase 4	sodium nitroprusside;placebo
3	Total Thyroidectomy With Harmonic Scalpel® Versus Standard Surgery. Open Multicentric Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT00385983	Phase 4
4	The Use of Lu177 in the Treatment of Progressive and Unresectable Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer	Unknown status	NCT01915485	Phase 4
5	Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cough Response and Postoperative Recovery Quality in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery With General anesthesia---a Randomized Control Double-Blind Clinical Trial	Unknown status	NCT02613806	Phase 4	Dexmeditomidine;normal saline
6	Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine for Cough Suppression During Anesthetic Emergence in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT03312413	Phase 4	Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride;Normal Saline
7	Open-Label, Multi-Center, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Phase 4 Study of rAd-p53 Gene Mono-Therapy, With Concurrent Radioactive Iodine , or Combination With Surgery in Subjects With Advanced Malignant Thyroid Tumors	Unknown status	NCT00902122	Phase 4	rAd-p53 gene;p53 gene therapy
8	Randomized Controlled Trial of Preoperative Steroids in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease	Completed	NCT04542278	Phase 4	Prednisone
9	Minimizing Narcotic Analgesics After Thyroid or Parathyroid Surgery	Completed	NCT03469310	Phase 4	Acetaminophen 500Mg Cap;Tylenol #3 Oral Tablet;Tramadol
10	Multicentric Randomized Controlled Study of Percutaneous Laser Ablation Versus Follow Up in Benign Thyroid Nodules. Long Term Results	Completed	NCT00858104	Phase 4
11	Is the Routine Pressure Dressing After Thyroidectomy Necessary? A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study	Completed	NCT00400465	Phase 4
12	Novel Biomarkers and Skeletal Outcomes Associated With Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction: a Prospective Evaluation and Impact of Treatment	Completed	NCT02491008	Phase 4	Levothyroxine;Placebo
13	A Dosimetry Study of Radioiodine (131-I) Uptake Following the Administration of Thyrogen and Hypothyroid States During Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal	Completed	NCT00001730	Phase 4	Thyrogen
14	Effect of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Fatigability in Untreated Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism	Completed	NCT02500342	Phase 4	Levothyroxine;Placebo
15	Treatment of Upper Eyelid Retraction Related to Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using Subconjunctival Triamcinolone Injections	Completed	NCT01599273	Phase 4	subconjunctival triamcinolone injection
16	Is it Possible to Increase Quality of Life, Using Recombinant TSH Instead of Withdrawal of Thyroid Hormone Treatment, Before Iodine Uptake in Patients With Thyroid Cancer?	Completed	NCT00604318	Phase 4	rhTSH
17	Diagnostic Accuracy Study of Indocyanine Green for Parathyroid Perfusion Assessment	Completed	NCT03969108	Phase 4	Indocyanine Green
18	A Double-masked, Methylprednisolone-control, Efficacy and Safety Study of 99Tc-MDP for Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy.	Completed	NCT03948191	Phase 4	Methylprednisolone;99Tc-MDP(99Technetium-Methylenediphosphonate Injection)
19	Impact of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Progression of Atherosclerosis : a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism.	Completed	NCT02832934	Phase 4	Levothyroxine;Placebo
20	Impact of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Cardiac Function: a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism	Completed	NCT02832960	Phase 4	Levothyroxine;Placebo
21	Intravenous Or Topical Lidocaine And Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery (IOLANT Study)	Recruiting	NCT04574947	Phase 4	Intravenous lidocaine;Intravenous placebo
22	Type 2 Deiodinase Gene Polymorphism and the Treatment of Hypothyroidism Caused	Recruiting	NCT05247476	Phase 4	L-T4;L-T4+T3 (thyroid tablet)
23	Effect of Tramadol on Postoperative Sore Throat in Thyroid Surgery Under General Anesthesia With Endotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Recruiting	NCT04991493	Phase 4	Tramadol hydrochloride
24	Effects of Long-term L-thyroxine Replacement on Serum Lipid and Atherosclerosis in Patients With Hypothyroidism	Active, not recruiting	NCT01848171	Phase 4	L-thyroxine
25	A Phase 4, Randomized, Double-masked, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TEPEZZA® in Treating Patients With Chronic (Inactive) Thyroid Eye Disease	Active, not recruiting	NCT04583735	Phase 4	Placebo
26	A Randomized, Double-blind Study To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cabozantinib (XL184) at 60 mg/Day Compared to a 140 mg/Day in Progressive, Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients	Active, not recruiting	NCT01896479	Phase 4	Cabozantinib (XL184) 140 mg;Cabozantinib (XL184) 60 mg;Placebo tablet;Placebo capsule
27	Prospective Single Arm Post Marketing Phase IV Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Lenvatinib in Subjects With Locally Recurrent or Metastatic, Progressive, Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer	Active, not recruiting	NCT03573960	Phase 4	Lenvatinib
28	An International, Randomised, Double-Blind, Two-Arm Study To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Vandetanib 150 And 300mg/Day In Patients With Unresectable Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Progressive Or Symptomatic Disease	Active, not recruiting	NCT01496313	Phase 4	300mg vandetanib;150mg vandetanib
29	Evaluation of Ropivacaine and Ropivacaine Plus Magnesium Sulphate Infiltration for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy	Enrolling by invitation	NCT05294393	Phase 4	Placebo Comparator: N/S 0.9%;Ropivacaine 10%;Ropivacaine 10% plus magnesium sulphate 10mg/kg
30	Efficacy of Metformin Versus Sitagliptin on Benign Thyroid Nodules Size in Type 2 Diabetes: a 2-years Prospective Multicentric Study	Not yet recruiting	NCT04298684	Phase 4	METFORMIN;Sitagliptin
31	Distribution of Selenium in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Effect of Selenium Supplement on Prognosis of Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.	Not yet recruiting	NCT04683575	Phase 4	Selenium Yeast;Placebo
32	Efficacy Evaluation of Strontium-89 Chloride for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Bone Metastases	Not yet recruiting	NCT05466812	Phase 4	Sr-89
33	Local Betamethasone Versus Triamcinolone Injection in Management of Thyroid-Related Upper Lid Retraction With and Without Proptosis	Not yet recruiting	NCT04976816	Phase 4
34	Evaluation of 99mTc Sestamibi Scans In Patients Who Have Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Elevated Serum Thyroglobulin Levels, and Negative Diagnostic Imaging Studies	Terminated	NCT03065218	Phase 4	99mTc sestamibi
35	Phase IV Study of Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Upper Lid Retraction in Active Stage Thyroid Eye Disease	Terminated	NCT01738243	Phase 4	Hyaluronic Acid Gel injection;Saline injection
36	The Secondary Beneficial Effects of Prostaglandin Analog Treatment in Thyroid Eye Disease Patients.	Withdrawn	NCT01927406	Phase 4	Prostaglandin Analog;Timolol
37	Medico-Economic Comparison of Four Strategies of Radioiodine Ablation in Thyroid Carcinoma Patients - Estimabl	Unknown status	NCT00435851	Phase 3	Thyrogen, thyroid hormone withdrawal, iode 131
38	A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib Versus Placebo in Patients With 131I-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer(ALTER01032)	Unknown status	NCT02586337	Phase 2, Phase 3	Anlotinib;Placebo
39	Phase Ⅱ Non-randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial About Effect of Remnant Ablation Therapy on the Recurrence in Low-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients	Unknown status	NCT02418247	Phase 2, Phase 3	I131;I123
40	Effect of the Radioiodine Dose in Thyroid Ablation- A Randomized Comparison of 1110 MBq to 3700 MBq	Unknown status	NCT00115895	Phase 3	Radioactive iodine
41	Ultrasound Guided Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation on Benign Thyroid Nodules	Unknown status	NCT00150150	Phase 3
42	Medico-economic Evaluation Comparing the Use of Ultrasonic Scissors to the Conventional Techniques of Haemostasis in Thyroid Surgery by Cervicotomy	Unknown status	NCT01551914	Phase 3
43	Preoperative Single-dose Steroid Application for the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting After Thyroid Surgery	Completed	NCT01189292	Phase 3	Dexamethasone
44	A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multicenter Study Evaluating Teprotumumab (HZN-001) Treatment in Subjects With Active Thyroid Eye Disease	Completed	NCT03298867	Phase 3
45	The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) In the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer	Completed	NCT00794053	Phase 3
46	Prophylactic Central Lymph Node Dissection in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial	Completed	NCT00795782	Phase 3
47	Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind, Multicenter Study for Hyalobarrier ® to Evaluate Anti-adhesive Effect and Safety Compared to Guardix-SG® After Thyroidectomy	Completed	NCT01696305	Phase 3
48	Thyroid Hormones Homeostasis and Energy Metabolism Changes During Stimulation of Endogenously Secreted Bile Acids (BAs)	Completed	NCT00706381	Phase 3	Sincalide;Ursodiol;Placebo
49	A Pivotal Phase III Study of Cyclotron-produced Tc-99m Pertechnetate (CTC) Compared to Generator-produced Tc-99m Pertechnetate (G-PERT) in Subjects With Thyroid Disorders	Completed	NCT02980679	Phase 3	CTC;G-PERT
50	An International, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Phase 3 Efficacy Study of XL184 Versus Placebo in Subjects With Unresectable, Locally Advanced, or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer	Completed	NCT00704730	Phase 3	XL184;Placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Thyroid Gland Disease

Cochrane evidence based reviews: thyroid diseases

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Genetic Tests for Thyroid Gland Disease

Genetic tests related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

#	Genetic test	Affiliating Genes
1	Abnormality of the Thyroid Gland ²⁸

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Anatomical Context for Thyroid Gland Disease

Organs/tissues related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

FMA: Thyroid

MalaCards : Thyroid, Lymph Node, Eye, Salivary Gland, Brain, Breast, Fetal Thyroid

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Publications for Thyroid Gland Disease

Articles related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

(show top 50) (show all 75)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Transaxillary gasless endoscopic hemithyroidectomy versus conventional open hemithyroidectomy: early single-centre experience. ⁶²	Jasaitis K...Dauksa A	35489003	2022
2	Thyroid Gland Disease as a Comorbid Condition in COPD. ⁶²	Gumus A...Sahin U	34745661	2021
3	Quantitative Assessment of Thyroid Glands in Healthy Children With Shear Wave Elastography. ⁶²	Uysal E...Ozturk M	30724864	2019
4	Oral lichen planus and thyroid gland diseases: possible associations. ⁶²	Kats L...Gorsky M	31366342	2019
5	Annual Incidence of Thyroid Disease in Patients Who First Time Visit Department for Thyroid Diseases in Tuzla Canton. ⁶²	Sulejmanovic M...Bousbija FM	31452639	2019
6	Retrosternal Goiter: A couple of classification methods with computed tomograpy findings. ⁶²	Perincek G...Celtikci P	30559810	2018
7	Multi-immunoreaction-based dual-color capillary electrophoresis for enhanced diagnostic reliability of thyroid gland disease. ⁶²	Woo N...Kang SH	28645753	2017
8	Surgical treatment of concomitant thyroid and parathyroid disorders: analysis of 4882 cases. ⁶²	Jovanovic MD...Paunovic IR	27619822	2017
9	From Neck Swelling to Abrupt Compromised Airway: A Case of a Hemorrhagic Ruptured Thyroid Cyst. ⁶²	Al-Khalifa MA...AlShehabi M	30787737	2016
10	Antibodies reacting to carbonic anhydrase isozymes (I and II) and albumin in sera from dogs. ⁶²	Nishita T...Orito K	27234558	2016
11	Thyroid Hemiagenesis from Childhood to Adulthood: Review of Literature and Personal Experience. ⁶²	De Sanctis V...Elalaily R	27116848	2016
12	Transcriptional activity of TGFβ1 and its receptors genes in thyroid gland. ⁶²	Kajdaniuk D...Kos-Kudla B	27345036	2016
13	Comparison of the results of total thyroidectomy and Dunhill operation in surgical treatment of multinodular goiter. ⁶²	Mobayen M...Paknejad SA	27011525	2015
14	Sonographic Reference Ranges for the Thyroid Gland in Euthyroid Term Newborns. ⁶²	Mikolajczak A...Bokiniec R	26023906	2015
15	Importance of ectopic thyroid tissue detected in the midline of the neck: single center experience. ⁶²	Oguz A...Cakir B	26331224	2015
16	Does Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Develop De Novo? ⁶²	Baglam T...Sari M	26351606	2015
17	Do thyroid ultrasonographic features change according to age in euthyroid dogs? ⁶²	Muller TR...Mamprim MJ	24450935	2014
18	Cost-of-Illness Trend of Thyroid Gland Disease in Korea. ⁶²	Chung JH	25309782	2014
19	Multiple symmetric lipomatosis: a diagnostic dilemma. ⁶²	Mimica M...Bevanda M	23983713	2013
20	Modern concepts of preoperative preparation of patients with thyroid gland disease. ⁶²	Sabljak V...Paunovic I	21879658	2011
21	Rare developmental abnormalities of thyroid gland, especially multiple ectopia: A review and our experience. ⁶²	Jain A...Pathak S	21713222	2010
22	Localized crossed hyperhidrosis and the coexistence of thyroid gland disease. ⁶²	Serdar ZA...Gunes P	20536672	2010
23	Malignant struma ovarii: a case report. ⁶²	Yucesoy G...Yucesoy I	20119594	2010
24	A report of ten patients with thyroid hemiagenesis: ultrasound screening in patients with thyroid disease. ⁶²	Berker D...Guler S	20033860	2010
25	[Methodology for evaluation of malignancy screening in surgical thyroid gland disease]. ⁶²	Rubio V...Dalmau J	19850274	2009
26	[Activity of antioxidative enzymes and concentration of malondialdehyde as oxidative status markers in women with non-autoimmunological subclinical hyperthyroidism]. ⁶²	Rybus-Kalinowska B...Jochem J	19569020	2009
27	Euthyroid pretibial myxedema and EMO syndrome. ⁶²	Senel E...Gulec AT	19350184	2009
28	Application of thermography for non-invasive diagnosis of thyroid gland disease. ⁶²	Helmy A...Rizkalla M	18334410	2008
29	Computed tomographic features of the normal canine thyroid gland. ⁶²	Taeymans O...Saunders JH	18251288	2008
30	[Hyperparathyroidism, goiter and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A common association with diagnostic implications]. ⁶²	Rivo Vazquez A...Gil Gil P	17580029	2007
31	Methodology of the thyroid gland disease decision-making using profiling in steroid hormone pathway. ⁶²	Kim YS...Yoon CN	17081718	2007
32	[Classification of thyroid gland disease on the basis of selenium concentration in serum]. ⁶²	Dejneka W...Lukasiak J	18246662	2007
33	Papillary thyroid carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cyst: case reports and literature review. ⁶²	Falvo L...De Antoni E	16845854	2006
34	[Clinical features of hypothyroidism depending on intensity of excitatory processes in the central nervous system]. ⁶²	Mukhtarova MZ	17100184	2006
35	[Surgical treatment of thyreopathies. Retrospective assessment of the authors' study group]. ⁶²	Jarosek J...Kupka P	16541632	2006
36	Glucose transporter-1 expression in the thyroid gland: clinicopathological significance for papillary carcinoma. ⁶²	Yasuda M...Osamura Y	16273245	2005
37	[Subclinical and manifested hypothyroidism as a consequence of thyroid autoimmune disease]. ⁶²	Milosevic DP...Markovic N	16405254	2005
38	[Diagnosis of osteoporosis occurring in autoimmune thyroid gland disease]. ⁶²	Radojkovic I...Djurica S	16405255	2005
39	Relationship between the regulatory region polymorphism of human tissue kallikrein gene and essential hypertension. ⁶²	Hua H...Chao J	15905889	2005
40	[Management of thyroid disease-induced tracheostenosis]. ⁶²	Tang YQ...Deng QN	16109576	2005
41	[Surgical treatment of thyroid gland diseases]. ⁶²	Alagic-Smailbegovic J...Hadzic E	16018392	2005
42	[Selenium concentration in serum of women with thyroid gland disease]. ⁶²	Dejneka W...Czarnobaj K	16080447	2005
43	Development of a validated HPLC method for the determination of iodotyrosines and iodothyronines in pharmaceuticals and biological samples using solid phase extraction. ⁶²	Gika HG...Papadoyannis IN	15607721	2005
44	Thyroid gland diseases in Kano. ⁶²	Edino ST...Ochicha O	15300270	2004
45	[Autoimmune processes in diseases of the thyroid gland]. ⁶²	Nesovic M...Jelic S	14692138	2003
46	[The complications of reoperation for thyroid disease after a thyroidectomy]. ⁶²	Deng X...Li J	12815891	2003
47	[Pathomorphology of the thyroid gland after treatment of laryngeal cancer]. ⁶²	Tarnowska C...Dziekan T	12741141	2003
48	[Thyroid gland nodules registered at the Endocrinology Department of the Medical Center in Prokuplje]. ⁶²	Obradovic L	10953554	2000
49	[Increased level of TSH can be a sign of adrenal cortex failure. Not necessarily thyroid gland disease]. ⁶²	Sjoberg S...Werner S	10064931	1999
50	Thyroglossal duct carcinoma: presentation and management, including eight cases reports. ⁶²	O'Connell M...Harmer C	9704182	1998

Sources

Genes for Thyroid Gland Disease

Genes related to Thyroid Gland Disease (0 elite genes):

(show top 50) (show all 69)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	COL7A1	Collagen Type VII Alpha 1 Chain	Protein Coding	27.85	Likely pathogenic ⁵ DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
2	MIR199A1	MicroRNA 199a-1	RNA Gene	11.02	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴ ¹⁴
3	TG	Thyroglobulin	Protein Coding	10.33	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
4	MIR146B	MicroRNA 146b	RNA Gene	9.73	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
5	TSHR	Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor	Protein Coding	9.45	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
6	MIR222	MicroRNA 222	RNA Gene	9.4	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
7	RET	Ret Proto-Oncogene	Protein Coding	9.25	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
8	CALCA	Calcitonin Related Polypeptide Alpha	Protein Coding	9.24	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
9	TPO	Thyroid Peroxidase	Protein Coding	9.16	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
10	MIR221	MicroRNA 221	RNA Gene	9.02	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
11	ICOSLG	Inducible T Cell Costimulator Ligand	Protein Coding	8.75	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
12	H2AC18	H2A Clustered Histone 18	Protein Coding	8.69	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
13	MIR208A	MicroRNA 208a	RNA Gene	8.61	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
14	SERPINA7	Serpin Family A Member 7	Protein Coding	8.57	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
15	MIR138-1	MicroRNA 138-1	RNA Gene	8.56	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
16	TRH	Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone	Protein Coding	8.51	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
17	PAX8	Paired Box 8	Protein Coding	8.48	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
18	MIR9-1	MicroRNA 9-1	RNA Gene	8.36	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
19	INS	Insulin	Protein Coding	8.36	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
20	POMC	Proopiomelanocortin	Protein Coding	8.34	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
21	PTH	Parathyroid Hormone	Protein Coding	8.3	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
22	CCR6	C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 6	Protein Coding	8.25	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
23	TSHB	Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Subunit Beta	Protein Coding	8.19	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
24	DIO2	Iodothyronine Deiodinase 2	Protein Coding	8.18	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
25	SLC5A5	Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 5	Protein Coding	8.17	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
26	THRB	Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta	Protein Coding	8.15	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
27	PRL	Prolactin	Protein Coding	8.12	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
28	MIR183	MicroRNA 183	RNA Gene	8.08	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
29	SLC26A4	Solute Carrier Family 26 Member 4	Protein Coding	8.06	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
30	IGF1	Insulin Like Growth Factor 1	Protein Coding	8	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
31	MIR17	MicroRNA 17	RNA Gene	7.95	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
32	NKX2-1	NK2 Homeobox 1	Protein Coding	7.95	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
33	MIR208B	MicroRNA 208b	RNA Gene	7.95	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
34	SLC16A2	Solute Carrier Family 16 Member 2	Protein Coding	7.92	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
35	FOXE1	Forkhead Box E1	Protein Coding	7.88	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
36	ALB	Albumin	Protein Coding	7.8	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
37	CRP	C-Reactive Protein	Protein Coding	7.78	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
38	CTLA4	Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4	Protein Coding	7.64	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
39	SST	Somatostatin	Protein Coding	7.62	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
40	MIR144	MicroRNA 144	RNA Gene	7.61	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
41	MIR181A1	MicroRNA 181a-1	RNA Gene	7.57	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴ ¹⁴
42	DUOXA2	Dual Oxidase Maturation Factor 2	Protein Coding	7.52	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
43	CD274	CD274 Molecule	Protein Coding	7.49	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
44	THRA	Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha	Protein Coding	7.47	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
45	GPT	Glutamic--Pyruvic Transaminase	Protein Coding	7.41	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
46	TXNRD2	Thioredoxin Reductase 2	Protein Coding	7.4	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
47	IYD	Iodotyrosine Deiodinase	Protein Coding	7.36	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
48	CD4	CD4 Molecule	Protein Coding	7.35	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
49	IL6	Interleukin 6	Protein Coding	7.35	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
50	DUOX2	Dual Oxidase 2	Protein Coding	7.3	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴

Sources

Variations for Thyroid Gland Disease

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Thyroid Gland Disease:

⁵

#	Gene	Name	Type	Significance	ClinVarId	dbSNP ID	Position
1	COL7A1	NM_000094.4(COL7A1):c.1442G>A (p.Arg481His)	SNV	Likely Pathogenic	373954	rs147040026	GRCh37: 3:48629171-48629171 GRCh38: 3:48591738-48591738

Sources

Expression for Thyroid Gland Disease

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Thyroid Gland Disease.

Sources

Pathways for Thyroid Gland Disease

Pathways related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Thyroid hormones production and peripheral downstream signaling effects ⁷⁴	11.35	TSHR TRH POMC
2	Cell differentiation - expanded index ⁷⁴ Show member pathways Cell differentiation - index ⁷⁴	11.25	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B
3	miRNAs involvement in the immune response in sepsis ⁷⁴	11.12	MIR9-1 MIR199A1 MIR146B
4	Thyroxine (thyroid hormone) production ⁷⁴	10.23	TSHR TRH TPO TG

Sources

GO Terms for Thyroid Gland Disease

Cellular components related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.89	TPO TG SERPINA7 POMC MIR222 MIR221
2	RISC complex	GO:0016442	9.4	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR146B MIR138-1

Biological processes related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 17)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	miRNA-mediated gene silencing	GO:0035195	10.21	MIR138-1 MIR146B MIR199A1 MIR208A MIR221 MIR222
2	cell-cell signaling	GO:0007267	10.13	TSHR TRH POMC INS CALCA
3	negative regulation of inflammatory response	GO:0050728	9.81	MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR138-1
4	negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation	GO:0045668	9.74	MIR9-1 MIR208A MIR138-1
5	positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	GO:1900087	9.72	MIR222 MIR221 MIR208A
6	positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	GO:1904707	9.71	MIR222 MIR221 MIR208A
7	positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development	GO:0061051	9.56	MIR208A MIR199A1
8	thyroid-stimulating hormone signaling pathway	GO:0038194	9.56	TSHR PAX8
9	positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress	GO:1903244	9.52	MIR208A MIR199A1
10	negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell	GO:1904995	9.49	MIR222 MIR221
11	negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation	GO:1902034	9.46	MIR222 MIR221
12	negative regulation of interleukin-21 production	GO:0032705	9.4	MIR222 MIR221
13	negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway	GO:1903122	9.37	MIR222 MIR221
14	miRNA-mediated gene silencing by inhibition of translation	GO:0035278	9.35	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR208A MIR138-1
15	positive regulation of Schwann cell migration	GO:1900149	9.32	MIR222 MIR221
16	positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling	GO:0051897	9.23	RET MIR222 MIR221 MIR199A1 MIR138-1 INS
17	positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration	GO:1905046	9.16	MIR222 MIR221

Molecular functions related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	hormone activity	GO:0005179	9.61	TRH TG POMC INS CALCA
2	thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity	GO:0004996	9.46	TSHR PAX8
3	mRNA base-pairing translational repressor activity	GO:1903231	9.17	MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR208A MIR199A1 MIR146B