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MCID: THY030
MIFTS: 50

Thyroid Gland Disease

Categories: Endocrine diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Thyroid Gland Disease

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Thyroid Gland Disease:

Name: Thyroid Gland Disease 12 15
Abnormality of the Thyroid Gland 29 6
Thyroid Diseases 44 70

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Endocrine diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 32


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:50
ICD9CM 34 246.9
MeSH 44 D013959
NCIt 50 C26893
SNOMED-CT 67 14304000
ICD10 32 E07.9
UMLS 70 C0040128
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Summaries for Thyroid Gland Disease

About this section
Disease Ontology : 12 An endocrine system disease that is located in the thyroid.

MalaCards based summary : Thyroid Gland Disease, also known as abnormality of the thyroid gland, is related to hyperthyroxinemia and hyperthyroidism. An important gene associated with Thyroid Gland Disease is COL7A1 (Collagen Type VII Alpha 1 Chain), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Allograft rejection and Aldosterone synthesis and secretion. The drugs Hyaluronic acid and Nitroprusside have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include thyroid, eye and lymph node, and related phenotype is limbs/digits/tail.

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Related Diseases for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Diseases related to Thyroid Gland Disease via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 462)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 hyperthyroxinemia 32.3 TSHR TRH TPO THRB SERPINA7
2 hyperthyroidism 32.2 TSHR TRH TPO THRB TG SERPINA7
3 graves disease 1 32.2 TSHR TRH TPO THRB TG SERPINA7
4 graves' disease 32.1 TSHR TPO THRB TG SERPINA7 PAX8
5 goiter 32.1 TSHR TRH TPO THRB TG SERPINA7
6 hypothyroidism 32.0 TSHR TSHB TRH TPO THRB TG
7 alpha/beta t-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta t-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity 31.7 TSHR TPO TG INS
8 nodular goiter 31.7 TSHR TPO TG RET CALCA
9 adenoma 31.7 TSHR TRH TG RET
10 multinodular goiter 31.5 TSHR TPO TG PAX8 CALCA
11 subacute thyroiditis 31.4 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
12 plummer's disease 31.3 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
13 autoimmune disease 31.2 TSHR TPO TG INS ICOSLG CCR6
14 endemic goiter 31.1 TSHR TSHB TPO TG SERPINA7 CALCA
15 myxedema 31.1 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
16 hypoparathyroidism 31.1 TPO RET INS CALCA
17 congenital hypothyroidism 31.1 TSHR TSHB TRH TPO TG SERPINA7
18 pernicious anemia 31.0 TPO TG CCR6
19 exophthalmos 31.0 TSHR TPO TG
20 vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease susceptibility 1 31.0 TPO ICOSLG CCR6
21 nontoxic goiter 31.0 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 ICOSLG CALCA
22 differentiated thyroid carcinoma 31.0 TSHR TPO TG RET PAX8
23 celiac disease 1 31.0 TPO TG INS ICOSLG H2AC18 CCR6
24 thyroid carcinoma, familial medullary 30.9 TG RET CALCA
25 toxic diffuse goiter 30.8 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
26 thyroid gland medullary carcinoma 30.8 TG RET PAX8 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR183
27 thyroid crisis 30.7 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7
28 connective tissue disease 30.7 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 ICOSLG H2AC18 CCR6
29 thyroid gland cancer 30.6 TSHR TPO THRB TG RET PAX8
30 turner syndrome 30.6 TPO TG SERPINA7 INS
31 multiple endocrine neoplasia 30.6 TG RET CALCA
32 skin disease 30.6 MIR9-1 INS ICOSLG H2AC18 COL7A1 CCR6
33 hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 2 30.6 TSHR TG PAX8
34 acute thyroiditis 30.6 TPO TG SERPINA7 CALCA
35 postsurgical hypothyroidism 30.5 TPO TG
36 thyroid carcinoma 30.5 TSHR TPO TG RET PAX8 CALCA
37 papillary carcinoma 30.5 TSHR TPO TG RET PAX8 CALCA
38 bone resorption disease 30.5 MIR222 INS H2AC18 CCR6 CALCA
39 hashimoto thyroiditis 30.5 TSHR TPO TG SERPINA7 RET CCR6
40 systemic scleroderma 30.4 TPO INS ICOSLG H2AC18 CCR6
41 pendred syndrome 30.4 TPO TG PAX8
42 follicular adenoma 30.4 TSHR TPO TG RET PAX8 MIR222
43 thyroiditis 30.4 TSHR TSHB TPO TG SERPINA7 RET
44 mucoepidermoid carcinoma 30.3 TG PAX8 CALCA
45 euthyroid sick syndrome 30.3 TRH TG SERPINA7
46 eye disease 30.3 TSHR MIR9-1 MIR146B INS ICOSLG H2AC18
47 generalized resistance to thyroid hormone 30.3 TRH THRB
48 fetal adenoma 30.3 TG CALCA
49 hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 1 30.3 TSHR TSHB TG PAX8
50 autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome 30.3 TPO TG INS CCR6

Comorbidity relations with Thyroid Gland Disease via Phenotypic Disease Network (PDN):


Hypertension, Essential Hypothyroidism

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Thyroid Gland Disease:



Diseases related to Thyroid Gland Disease
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Thyroid Gland Disease

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MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 limbs/digits/tail MP:0005371 9.17 COL7A1 PAX8 RET TG THRB TPO
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Drugs for Thyroid Gland Disease (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 355)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Hyaluronic acid Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 9004-61-9 53477741
2
Nitroprusside Approved, Investigational Phase 4 15078-28-1 11963622
3
Nitric Oxide Approved Phase 4 10102-43-9 145068
4
Triamcinolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 124-94-7 31307
5
Diazepam Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 439-14-5 3016
6
Prednisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 53-03-2 5865
7
Guaifenesin Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 93-14-1 3516
8
Acetaminophen Approved Phase 4 103-90-2 1983
9
Tramadol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 27203-92-5 33741
10
Phenylpropanolamine Approved, Vet_approved, Withdrawn Phase 4 14838-15-4 26934
11
Codeine Approved, Illicit Phase 4 76-57-3 5284371
12
Metformin Approved Phase 4 657-24-9 4091 14219
13
Tyrosine Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical Phase 4 60-18-4 6057
14 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4
15 Vasodilator Agents Phase 4
16 Viscosupplements Phase 4
17 Proxymetacaine Phase 4
18 Triamcinolone diacetate Phase 4
19 triamcinolone acetonide Phase 4
20 Triamcinolone hexacetonide Phase 4
21 Methylene diphosphonate Phase 4
22 Diphosphonates Phase 4
23 Technetium Tc 99m Medronate Phase 4
24 Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Phase 4
25 Narcotics Phase 4
26 Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Phase 4
27 Respiratory System Agents Phase 4
28 Analgesics Phase 4
29 Chlorpheniramine, phenylpropanolamine drug combination Phase 4
30 Analgesics, Opioid Phase 4
31 Antitussive Agents Phase 4
32 Antipyretics Phase 4
33 Hormone Antagonists Phase 4
34
protease inhibitors Phase 4
35 HIV Protease Inhibitors Phase 4
36 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 4
37 insulin Phase 4
38 Hypoglycemic Agents Phase 4
39 Insulin, Globin Zinc Phase 4
40 Selenium Supplement Phase 4
41 Sitagliptin Phosphate Phase 4
42 Incretins Phase 4
43 Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors Phase 4
44
Dexamethasone acetate Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 1177-87-3
45
Dexamethasone Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 3 50-02-2 5743
46
Ursodeoxycholic acid Approved, Investigational Phase 3 128-13-2 31401
47
Esomeprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 3 161973-10-0, 161796-78-7, 119141-88-7 4594 9568614
48
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Phase 3 15307-86-5 3033
49
Simvastatin Approved Phase 3 79902-63-9 54454
50
Tocopherol Approved, Investigational Phase 2, Phase 3 1406-66-2

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 738)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Total Thyroidectomy With Harmonic Scalpel® Versus Standard Surgery. Open Multicentric Randomized Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT00385983 Phase 4
2 Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Cough Response and Postoperative Recovery Quality in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery With General anesthesia---a Randomized Control Double-Blind Clinical Trial Unknown status NCT02613806 Phase 4 Dexmeditomidine;normal saline
3 Does Sodium Nitroprusside Infusion Affect Thyroidal Function in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. Unknown status NCT00636584 Phase 4 sodium nitroprusside;placebo
4 Open-Label, Multi-Center, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Phase 4 Study of rAd-p53 Gene Mono-Therapy, With Concurrent Radioactive Iodine , or Combination With Surgery in Subjects With Advanced Malignant Thyroid Tumors Unknown status NCT00902122 Phase 4 rAd-p53 gene;p53 gene therapy
5 The Use of Lu177 in the Treatment of Progressive and Unresectable Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Unknown status NCT01915485 Phase 4
6 Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine for Cough Suppression During Anesthetic Emergence in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Controlled Trial Unknown status NCT03312413 Phase 4 Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride;Normal Saline;Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride;Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride
7 Phase IV Study of Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Upper Lid Retraction in Active Stage Thyroid Eye Disease Unknown status NCT01738243 Phase 4 Hyaluronic Acid Gel injection;Saline injection
8 Is the Routine Pressure Dressing After Thyroidectomy Necessary? A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Completed NCT00400465 Phase 4
9 A Dosimetry Study of Radioiodine (131-I) Uptake Following the Administration of Thyrogen and Hypothyroid States During Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal Completed NCT00001730 Phase 4 Thyrogen
10 A Double-masked, Methylprednisolone-control, Efficacy and Safety Study of 99Tc-MDP for Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy. Completed NCT03948191 Phase 4 Methylprednisolone;99Tc-MDP(99Technetium-Methylenediphosphonate Injection)
11 Effect of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Fatigability in Untreated Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism Completed NCT02500342 Phase 4 Levothyroxine;Placebo
12 Novel Biomarkers and Skeletal Outcomes Associated With Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction: a Prospective Evaluation and Impact of Treatment Completed NCT02491008 Phase 4 Levothyroxine;Placebo
13 Diagnostic Accuracy Study of Indocyanine Green for Parathyroid Perfusion Assessment Completed NCT03969108 Phase 4 Indocyanine Green
14 Impact of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Cardiac Function: a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism Completed NCT02832960 Phase 4 Levothyroxine;Placebo
15 Impact of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on Progression of Atherosclerosis : a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Older Adults With Subclinical Hypothyroidism. Completed NCT02832934 Phase 4 Levothyroxine;Placebo
16 Is it Possible to Increase Quality of Life, Using Recombinant TSH Instead of Withdrawal of Thyroid Hormone Treatment, Before Iodine Uptake in Patients With Thyroid Cancer? Completed NCT00604318 Phase 4 rhTSH
17 Treatment of Upper Eyelid Retraction Related to Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using Subconjunctival Triamcinolone Injections Completed NCT01599273 Phase 4 subconjunctival triamcinolone injection
18 Multicentric Randomized Controlled Study of Percutaneous Laser Ablation Versus Follow Up in Benign Thyroid Nodules. Long Term Results Completed NCT00858104 Phase 4
19 Randomized Controlled Trial of Preoperative Steroids in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Recruiting NCT04542278 Phase 4 Prednisone
20 Intravenous Or Topical Lidocaine And Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery (IOLANT Study) Recruiting NCT04574947 Phase 4 Intravenous lidocaine;Intravenous placebo
21 The Beneficial Effect of L-Thyroxine Long -Term Replacement on Lipid Profiles and Atherosclerosis in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Study Active, not recruiting NCT01831869 Phase 4 L-thyroxine
22 Prospective Single Arm Post Marketing Phase IV Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Lenvatinib in Subjects With Locally Recurrent or Metastatic, Progressive, Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Active, not recruiting NCT03573960 Phase 4 Lenvatinib
23 A Randomized, Double-blind Study To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cabozantinib (XL184) at 60 mg/Day Compared to a 140 mg/Day in Progressive, Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients Active, not recruiting NCT01896479 Phase 4 Cabozantinib (XL184) 140 mg;Cabozantinib (XL184) 60 mg;Placebo tablet;Placebo capsule
24 Effects of Long-term L-thyroxine Replacement on Serum Lipid and Atherosclerosis in Patients With Hypothyroidism Active, not recruiting NCT01848171 Phase 4 L-thyroxine
25 An International, Randomised, Double-Blind, Two-Arm Study To Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Vandetanib 150 And 300mg/Day In Patients With Unresectable Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Progressive Or Symptomatic Disease Active, not recruiting NCT01496313 Phase 4 300mg vandetanib;150mg vandetanib
26 Minimizing Narcotic Analgesics After Thyroid or Parathyroid Surgery Active, not recruiting NCT03469310 Phase 4 Acetaminophen 500Mg Cap;Tylenol #3 Oral Tablet;Tramadol
27 Distribution of Selenium in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Effect of Selenium Supplement on Prognosis of Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma. Not yet recruiting NCT04683575 Phase 4 Selenium Yeast;Placebo
28 Efficacy of Metformin Versus Sitagliptin on Benign Thyroid Nodules Size in Type 2 Diabetes: a 2-years Prospective Multicentric Study Not yet recruiting NCT04298684 Phase 4 METFORMIN;Sitagliptin
29 A Phase 4, Randomized, Double-masked, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TEPEZZA® in Treating Patients With Chronic (Inactive) Thyroid Eye Disease Not yet recruiting NCT04583735 Phase 4 Placebo
30 Levothyroxine Replacement With Liquid Gel Capsules or Tablets in Post-thyroidectomy Stage in Low Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Terminated NCT02946918 Phase 4 Levothyroxine
31 Pilot Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Trial of Levothyroxine in Pregnant Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients With Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Withdrawn NCT01276782 Phase 4 Levothyroxine
32 The Secondary Beneficial Effects of Prostaglandin Analog Treatment in Thyroid Eye Disease Patients. Withdrawn NCT01927406 Phase 4 Prostaglandin Analog;Timolol
33 A Pivotal Phase III Study of Cyclotron-produced Tc-99m Pertechnetate (CTC) Compared to Generator-produced Tc-99m Pertechnetate (G-PERT) in Subjects With Thyroid Disorders Unknown status NCT02980679 Phase 3 CTC;G-PERT
34 Medico-Economic Comparison of Four Strategies of Radioiodine Ablation in Thyroid Carcinoma Patients - Estimabl Unknown status NCT00435851 Phase 3 Thyrogen, thyroid hormone withdrawal, iode 131
35 Effect of the Radioiodine Dose in Thyroid Ablation- A Randomized Comparison of 1110 MBq to 3700 MBq Unknown status NCT00115895 Phase 3 Radioactive iodine
36 Ultrasound Guided Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation on Benign Thyroid Nodules Unknown status NCT00150150 Phase 3
37 Phase Ⅱ Non-randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial About Effect of Remnant Ablation Therapy on the Recurrence in Low-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Unknown status NCT02418247 Phase 2, Phase 3 I131;I123
38 Medico-economic Evaluation Comparing the Use of Ultrasonic Scissors to the Conventional Techniques of Haemostasis in Thyroid Surgery by Cervicotomy Unknown status NCT01551914 Phase 3
39 Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind, Multicenter Study for Hyalobarrier ® to Evaluate Anti-adhesive Effect and Safety Compared to Guardix-SG® After Thyroidectomy Completed NCT01696305 Phase 3
40 Efficacy of Subfascial Approach in Thyroidectomy to Quality of Life in Thyroid Disease Patients: Prospective Randomized Study Completed NCT01616316 Phase 2, Phase 3
41 A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multi-National Pilot Study of Thyroid Remnant Ablation Comparing the Safety and Ablation Rate Following 131I Administration Using Thyrogen® Versus the Safety and Ablation Rate Following 131I Administration in the Hypothyroid State Completed NCT00196729 Phase 3 Thyrogen + Radioiodine (131I)
42 Preoperative Single-dose Steroid Application for the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting After Thyroid Surgery Completed NCT01189292 Phase 3 Dexamethasone
43 Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy to Lateral Neck Lymph Node in Thyroid Carcinoma: Prospective Study Completed NCT01137097 Phase 2, Phase 3
44 Decision Aid on Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Early Stage Papillary Thyroid Cancer (Randomized Controlled Trial) Completed NCT01083550 Phase 2, Phase 3
45 A Double-Blind Randomized Phase III Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Sorafenib Compared to Placebo in Locally Advanced/Metastatic RAI-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed NCT00984282 Phase 3 Sorafenib (Nexavar, BAY43-9006);Placebo
46 Follow-up of Thyroid Cancer Patients From Study THYR-008-00 Who Received Thyroid Remnant Ablation Using Either the Hypothyroid or the Thyrogen Method. Completed NCT00295763 Phase 3 Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa for injection)
47 Phase 3 Trial of Adjuvant External Beam Radiotherapy for Locally Invasive Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Completed NCT00144079 Phase 3
48 Impact and Cost Efficiency of Bilateral, Superficial Cervical Block in Thyroid Surgery Under General Anesthesia Completed NCT00472446 Phase 2, Phase 3 bilateral superficial cervical block;placebo bilateral superficial cervical block
49 A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib Versus Placebo in Patients With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma(ALTER01031) Completed NCT02586350 Phase 2, Phase 3 Anlotinib;Placebo
50 A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial of Lenvatinib (E7080) in 131I-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Completed NCT01321554 Phase 3 Lenvatinib;Placebo;Lenvatinib

Search NIH Clinical Center for Thyroid Gland Disease

Cochrane evidence based reviews: thyroid diseases

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Genetic Tests for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Genetic tests related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Abnormality of the Thyroid Gland 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Thyroid Gland Disease

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The Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology organs/tissues related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

19
Thyroid

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

40
Thyroid, Eye, Lymph Node, Bone, Pituitary, Breast, T Cells
Sources

Publications for Thyroid Gland Disease

About this section

Articles related to Thyroid Gland Disease:

(show top 50) (show all 4968)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
A trial for improving thyroid gland dysfunction in rats by using a marine organism extract. 61
32935817 2021
2
Thyroid cancer risk factors and Pakistani University students' awareness towards its preventive practice. 61
32437225 2021
3
Effects of fetal involvement of inadvertent radioactive iodine therapy for the treatment of thyroid diseases during an unsuspected pregnancy. 61
33588237 2021
4
Thyroid crisis mimicking clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion: A pediatric case report. 61
33408037 2021
5
Evaluation of the thyroid disorders in children with familial Mediterranean fever. 61
32996072 2021
6
Acne keloidalis nuchae and thyroid diseases: a population-based cohort study. 61
33301179 2021
7
Subclinical thyroid diseases and isolated hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy. 61
33792240 2021
8
Could the level of nitrite/nitrate contribute to malignant thyroid nodule diagnostics? 61
33799155 2021
9
Reliability of thyroid doses due to 131I intake exceeding 5 Gy in a cohort of Belarusian children exposed to Chernobyl fallout. 61
33392786 2021
10
Potential Interaction Between SARS-CoV-2 and Thyroid: A Review. 61
33543236 2021
11
“Gap in the shield” – imaging of the thyroid gland from the multidisciplinary perspective 61
33784246 2021
12
Radioiodine treatment: an historical and future perspective. 61
33690155 2021
13
The relation between thyroid dysregulation and impaired cognition/behaviour: An integrative review. 61
33655583 2021
14
Thyroid and COVID-19: a review on pathophysiological, clinical and organizational aspects. 61
33765288 2021
15
Incidence of thyroid disorders in the second decade of adequate iodine supply in Slovenia. 61
32377868 2021
16
Clinical, sonographical, and pathological findings of pediatric thyroid nodules. 61
33772338 2021
17
Selected Topics in the Pathology of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands in Children and Adolescents. 61
33723755 2021
18
Dietary Intake of Endocrine Disrupting Substances Presents in Environment and Their Impact on Thyroid Function. 61
33800806 2021
19
Proteomic analysis of thyroid tissue reveals enhanced catabolic activity in Graves' disease compared to toxic multinodular goitre. 61
33728674 2021
20
Protocol for a Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma. 61
33752303 2021
21
Association of thyroid autoimmunity and the response to recombinant human growth hormone in Turner syndrome. 61
33662192 2021
22
Thyroid hormone action in epidermal development and homeostasis and its implications in the pathophysiology of the skin. 61
33683663 2021
23
Cushing's Syndrome Effects on the Thyroid. 61
33808529 2021
24
Efficacy of Ethanol Ablation for Benign Thyroid Cysts and Predominantly Cystic Nodules: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 61
33677930 2021
25
[DNA double-strand breaks repair capacity and risk of differentiated thyroid cancer: a case-control study]. 61
33548942 2021
26
2020 Imaging Guidelines for Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. 61
33660459 2021
27
Rabbit thyroid extracellular matrix as a 3D bioscaffold for thyroid bioengineering: a preliminary in vitro study. 61
33563294 2021
28
Determining minimal important change for the thyroid-related quality of life questionnaire ThyPRO. 61
33617467 2021
29
Thyroid cancer and its associated factors: A population-based case-control study. 61
33634859 2021
30
Association of thyroid hormones with blood pressure and arterial stiffness in the general population: The Dali study. 61
33369115 2021
31
Spot urine iodine levels below the WHO recommendation are not related to impaired thyroid function in healthy children and adolescents. 61
32390124 2021
32
A cohort study on risk factors of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol hypolipidemia among urban Chinese adults. 61
33618731 2021
33
The role of coping strategies, depression and anxiety in thyroid disease 61
33582652 2021
34
Iodine concentration and prevalence of thyroid disease in older people after salt iodization in Turkey. 61
33665799 2021
35
Development of a risk prediction model for early discrimination between permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism. 61
33616836 2021
36
Current Iodine Nutrition Status and Morbidity of Thyroid Nodules in Mainland China in the Past 20 Years. 61
33582938 2021
37
Delta Neutrophil Index and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in the Differentiation of Thyroid Malignancy and Nodular Goiter. 61
33067685 2021
38
Differences in the dielectric properties of various benign and malignant thyroid nodules. 61
33119125 2021
39
Thyroid complications of SARS and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 61
33473054 2021
40
Analyses of the Relation between BPPV and Thyroid Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study. 61
33671325 2021
41
Do medullary thyroid carcinoma patients with high calcitonin require bilateral neck lymph node clearance? A case report. 61
33644201 2021
42
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Graves' Disease in Genetic Syndromes in Pediatric Age. 61
33557156 2021
43
Factors Associated with Incident Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: a Nationwide Study. 61
33547781 2021
44
Case of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3 complicated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-receptor encephalitis. 61
32603545 2021
45
Thyroid Diseases During Pregnancy: Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Publications. 61
33538681 2021
46
Gender differences in estimating I-131 thyroid uptake from Tc-99m thyroid uptake for benign thyroid disease. 61
33242250 2021
47
Graves' disease: introducing new genetic and epigenetic contributors. 61
33295879 2021
48
Clinical association between thyroid disease and immune thrombocytopenia. 61
33165625 2021
49
Third generation radioimmunoassay (RIA) for TSH receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) - one step less, similar results? 61
33535269 2021
50
Structured Digital Self-Assessment of Patient Anamnesis Prior to Computed Tomography: Performance Evaluation and Added Value. 61
33511485 2021
Sources

Variations for Thyroid Gland Disease

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ClinVar genetic disease variations for Thyroid Gland Disease:

6
# Gene Name Type Significance ClinVarId dbSNP ID Position
1 COL7A1 NM_000094.3(COL7A1):c.1442G>A (p.Arg481His) SNV Likely pathogenic 373954 rs147040026 GRCh37: 3:48629171-48629171
GRCh38: 3:48591738-48591738
Sources

Expression for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Thyroid Gland Disease.
Sources

Pathways for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Pathways related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Allograft rejection 1 36
Show member pathways
 12.48 TSHR TSHB TPO TG INS ICOSLG
2
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion 36
Show member pathways
 12.47 TSHR TSHB TPO TG SERPINA7 PAX8
3
Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) signaling pathway 1
11.38 TSHR TSHB PAX8
4
Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes 36
11.25 TSHR TSHB INS
5
Cell Differentiation - Index 1
10.84 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR146B
6
Hormone ligand-binding receptors 65
10.52 TSHR TSHB
7
Thyroxine (Thyroid Hormone) Production 1
9.7 TSHR TRH TPO TG
Sources

GO Terms for Thyroid Gland Disease

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Cellular components related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.36 TSHB TPO TG SERPINA7 MIR222 MIR221

Biological processes related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 17)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 gene silencing by miRNA GO:0035195 9.96 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR183 MIR146B
2 positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0051897 9.78 RET MIR222 MIR221 INS
3 miRNA mediated inhibition of translation GO:0035278 9.74 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221
4 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010634 9.61 MIR222 MIR221 CCR6
5 positive regulation of axon regeneration GO:0048680 9.55 MIR222 MIR221
6 negative regulation by host of viral genome replication GO:0044828 9.54 MIR222 MIR221
7 hormone biosynthetic process GO:0042446 9.52 TPO TG
8 negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell GO:1904995 9.51 MIR222 MIR221
9 negative regulation of feeding behavior GO:2000252 9.49 TRH INS
10 negative regulation of interleukin-21 production GO:0032705 9.46 MIR222 MIR221
11 negative regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway GO:1903122 9.4 MIR222 MIR221
12 positive regulation of Schwann cell migration GO:1900149 9.37 MIR222 MIR221
13 cell-cell signaling GO:0007267 9.35 TSHR TSHB TRH INS CALCA
14 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration GO:1905046 9.32 MIR222 MIR221
15 negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation GO:1902034 9.26 MIR222 MIR221
16 thyroid-stimulating hormone signaling pathway GO:0038194 9.16 TSHR PAX8
17 hormone-mediated signaling pathway GO:0009755 8.92 TSHR TSHB TRH THRB

Molecular functions related to Thyroid Gland Disease according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 mRNA binding involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing GO:1903231 9.55 MIR9-1 MIR222 MIR221 MIR183 MIR146B
2 hormone activity GO:0005179 9.02 TSHB TRH TG INS CALCA
3 thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity GO:0004996 8.96 TSHR PAX8
Sources

Sources for Thyroid Gland Disease

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
20 GARD
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM via Orphanet
57 OMIM® (Updated 05-Apr-2021)
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN
68 SNOMED-CT via HPO
69 Tocris
70 UMLS
71 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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