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MCID: TBC004
MIFTS: 60

Tobacco Addiction

Categories: Genetic diseases, Mental diseases
Genes Variations Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
Sources

Aliases & Classifications for Tobacco Addiction

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Tobacco Addiction:

Name: Tobacco Addiction 57
Nicotine Dependence 57 12 29 15 73
Tobacco Addiction, Susceptibility to 57 29 6 40
Tobacco Use Disorder 12 29 6 44
Nicotine Dependence, Protection Against 57 6
Nicotine Addiction, Protection from 57 13
Smoking Habit 57 55
Cigarette Habituation, Susceptibility to 57
Nicotine Dependence, Susceptibility to 57
Nicotine Addiction, Susceptibility to 57
Smoking Habit, Susceptibility to 57
Cigarette Habituation 57
Nicotine Addiction 57

Characteristics:

OMIM:

57
Inheritance:
genetic factors seem to contribute only in light smokers and heavy smokers


Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Genetic diseases
Anatomical: Mental diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

OMIM 57 188890
Disease Ontology 12 DOID:0050742
MeSH 44 D014029
NCIt 50 C54203
SNOMED-CT 68 56294008
UMLS 73 C0028043
Sources

Summaries for Tobacco Addiction

About this section
MalaCards based summary : Tobacco Addiction, also known as nicotine dependence, is related to smoking as a quantitative trait locus 3 and mood disorder. An important gene associated with Tobacco Addiction is SLC6A3 (Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 3), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Peptide ligand-binding receptors and Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency. The drugs Nicotine and Bupropion have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include brain, testes and lung, and related phenotypes are behavior/neurological and homeostasis/metabolism

Description from OMIM: 188890
Sources

Related Diseases for Tobacco Addiction

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Diseases related to Tobacco Addiction via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 69)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 smoking as a quantitative trait locus 3 31.1 CHRNA3 CHRNA5
2 mood disorder 30.4 COMT DRD2 MAOA TPH1
3 drug dependence 30.2 ANKK1 CHRNA6 CHRNB3 DRD2 OPRM1
4 bipolar disorder 29.8 CHRNA7 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
5 epilepsy, nocturnal frontal lobe, 3 11.1 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
6 autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 2 11.0 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
7 hearing loss, noise-induced 11.0 GSTM1 GSTT1
8 sister chromatid exchange, frequency of 11.0 GSTM1 GSTT1
9 alcohol-induced mental disorder 11.0 DRD2 SLC6A3
10 pathological gambling 10.9 DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
11 schizophreniform disorder 10.9 COMT DRD2
12 isolated cleft lip 10.9 GSTM1 GSTT1
13 phobia, specific 10.9 COMT MAOA
14 toxic encephalopathy 10.9 GSTM1 GSTT1 SLC6A3
15 eating disorder 10.9 COMT DRD2 SLC6A3
16 opioid addiction 10.9 COMT DRD2 OPRM1
17 early-onset schizophrenia 10.9 COMT DRD2 MAOA
18 polysubstance abuse 10.9 COMT DRD2
19 kleine-levin hibernation syndrome 10.8 COMT SLC6A3 TPH1
20 alexithymia 10.8 ANKK1 COMT DRD2
21 post-traumatic stress disorder 10.8 COMT DRD2 MAOA
22 gilles de la tourette syndrome 10.8 COMT DRD2 SLC6A3
23 specific developmental disorder 10.8 COMT OPRM1 SLC6A3
24 autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 10.8 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNB2
25 heroin dependence 10.8 ANKK1 DRD2 OPRM1
26 brunner syndrome 10.8 COMT MAOA TPH1
27 oppositional defiant disorder 10.8 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
28 generalized anxiety disorder 10.8 DRD2 MAOA TPH1
29 opiate dependence 10.8 DRD2 OPRM1 TPH1
30 cannabis abuse 10.8 CHRNA3 CHRNB3
31 borderline personality disorder 10.8 COMT MAOA TPH1
32 substance abuse 10.8 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
33 mental depression 10.8 COMT MAOA TPH1
34 somatoform disorder 10.7 COMT OPRM1 TPH1
35 neonatal abstinence syndrome 10.7 COMT OPRM1
36 restless legs syndrome 10.7 DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
37 chronic pain 10.7 COMT OPRM1
38 epilepsy, idiopathic generalized 10.7 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 OPRM1
39 narcolepsy 10.6 COMT DRD2 SLC6A3 TPH1
40 tardive dyskinesia 10.6 COMT DRD2
41 conduct disorder 10.5 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
42 personality disorder 10.5 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
43 antisocial personality disorder 10.5 ANKK1 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
44 obsessive-compulsive disorder 10.5 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
45 migraine with or without aura 1 10.5 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
46 major depressive disorder 10.5 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3 TPH1
47 psychotic disorder 10.5 CHRNA7 COMT DRD2 SLC6A3 TPH1
48 anxiety 10.4 COMT MAOA TPH1
49 disease of mental health 10.4 CHRNA4 COMT DRD2 MAOA OPRM1 SLC6A3
50 autism 10.4 CHRNA7 COMT DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Tobacco Addiction:



Diseases related to Tobacco Addiction
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Tobacco Addiction

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Symptoms via clinical synopsis from OMIM:

57
Misc:
smoking habit


Clinical features from OMIM:

188890

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Tobacco Addiction:

46
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.13 AKR1B10 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
2 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 9.93 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB4 COMT
3 integument MP:0010771 9.56 GABBR2 OPRM1 SLC6A3 TPH1 CHRNA4 CHRNB2
4 nervous system MP:0003631 9.44 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Tobacco Addiction

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Drugs for Tobacco Addiction (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 225)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Nicotine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 54-11-5 942 89594
2
Bupropion Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 34841-39-9, 34911-55-2 444
3
Dopamine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
4
Varenicline Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 249296-44-4 5310966
5
Ethanol Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable 64-17-5 702
6
Carbon monoxide Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 630-08-0 281
7
Oxytocin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable 50-56-6 439302 53477758
8
Naltrexone Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1 16590-41-3 5360515
9
Aripiprazole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 129722-12-9 60795
10
Acetylcholine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 51-84-3 187
11
Citalopram Approved Phase 4 59729-33-8 2771
12
Fluoxetine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 54910-89-3 3386
13
Paroxetine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 61869-08-7 43815
14
Sertraline Approved Phase 4 79617-96-2 68617
15
Olanzapine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 132539-06-1 4585
16
Buprenorphine Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 52485-79-7 40400 644073
17
Naloxone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 465-65-6 5284596
18
Progesterone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 1,Not Applicable 57-83-0 5994
19
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 1994-09-7, 94-09-7 2337
20
Methadone Approved Phase 4,Phase 1,Not Applicable 76-99-3 4095
21
Eszopiclone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 138729-47-2 969472
22 tannic acid Approved, Nutraceutical Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable
23 Lobeline Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 90-69-7
24 Autonomic Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
25 Central Nervous System Stimulants Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
26 Cholinergic Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
27 Neurotransmitter Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
28 Nicotinic Agonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
29 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
30 Antidepressive Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
31 Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
32 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
33 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
34 Dopamine Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
35 Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
36 Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable
37 Psychotropic Drugs Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
38 Antipsychotic Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
39 Central Nervous System Depressants Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
40 Tranquilizing Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1
41 Respiratory System Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
42 Oxytocics Phase 4,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
43 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
44 Anti-Infective Agents, Local Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable
45 Narcotic Antagonists Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1
46 Narcotics Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
47 Antiparkinson Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
48 Cholinergic Antagonists Phase 4
49 Muscarinic Antagonists Phase 4
50 Parasympatholytics Phase 4

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 601)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Duration of Behavioral Counseling Treatment Needed to Optimize Smoking Abstinence Unknown status NCT01038414 Phase 4
2 The END Perioperative Smoking Pilot Study Unknown status NCT02482233 Phase 4 NRT (NicoDerm CQ)
3 High Cessation Rates in Smokers Using Personal Vaporizers Completed NCT02124200 Phase 4
4 An Effectiveness Trial of Maintenance Therapy for Nicotine Dependence Completed NCT01047527 Phase 4 Transdermal nicotine patch
5 Treatment of Nicotine Dependence and Acute Depression Completed NCT00186446 Phase 4 bupropion and smoking cessation behavioral intervention
6 Effects of Chantix on Relapse Prevention for Smoking Cessation Completed NCT00948649 Phase 4 Placebo;Varenicline
7 Behavioral/Drug Therapy for Alcohol-Nicotine Dependence (Naltrexone/Nicotine Patch) Completed NCT00000447 Phase 4 naltrexone (Revia);nicotine replacement patch
8 Bupropion for ADHD in Adolescents With Substance Use Disorder Completed NCT00936299 Phase 4 Bupropion
9 Bupropion as an Adjunct to the Nicotine Patch Plus CBT Completed NCT00142831 Phase 4 Pharmacotherapies for Smoking Cessation
10 Stress Neuroadaptation in Tobacco Dependence Completed NCT03262233 Phase 4
11 Association of Functional COMT Val108/Met Polymorphism With Smoking Cessation in Nicotine Replacement Therapy Completed NCT01980550 Phase 4 sublingual nicotine
12 Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) and Bupropion Mechanisms of Effectiveness in Smokers Completed NCT01048944 Phase 4 Bupropion SR;Nicotine Patch;Placebo Patch and Placebo Pill
13 Measuring Smoking Behaviors While Using Varenicline Completed NCT00948155 Phase 4 Varenicline
14 Smoking Cessation Medications: Efficacy, Mechanisms and Algorithms Completed NCT00332644 Phase 4 nicotine patch;nicotine lozenge;nicotine patch + nicotine lozenge;bupropion;bupropion + lozenge;placebo
15 Behaviorally Enhanced Counseling on Nicotine Dependence (BEACON) Trial. Completed NCT00991081 Phase 4 Pharmacotherapy
16 Helping Those With Mental Illness Quit Smoking Completed NCT01783912 Phase 4 Nicotine Patch
17 Neuropsychological Prognosis Factors of Smoking Cessation Completed NCT01554436 Phase 4
18 Varenicline in Drug Treatment Completed NCT01286584 Phase 4 varenicline;placebo
19 Nicotine Replacement for Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy Completed NCT01656733 Phase 4 Nicotrol Inhaler
20 Electronic Cigarettes in Daily Dependent Smokers Completed NCT02108626 Phase 4 Nicotine;Placebo
21 Comparison of Internet Stop Smoking Intervention to Usual Care on Smoking Cessation at 6 Months Completed NCT01639079 Phase 4
22 Evaluation of the Safety Profile, Quit and Reduction Rate After Nicorette® Gum and Patch Treatment Completed NCT00749463 Phase 4 Nicotine Gum;Nicotine Patch
23 Identifying Treatments to Motivate Smokers to Quit Completed NCT01122238 Phase 4 Nicotine Patch;Nicotine Gum;Nicotine Patch + Nicotine Gum
24 A Comparison of Bupropion SR and Placebo for Smoking Cessation Completed NCT00176449 Phase 4 Bupropion SR;Placebo Oral Tablet
25 Effect of Switch to Aripiprazole on Health and Smoking Parameters in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study Completed NCT00167817 Phase 4 Aripiprazole
26 STOP Study: Effectiveness of Zyban in a Clinical Population Completed NCT01015170 Phase 4 bupropion HCl
27 Evaluation of National Cancer Institute (NCI) Smoking Intervention Resources Completed NCT01342523 Phase 4
28 Identifying Optimal Smoking Cessation Intervention Components (Cessation) Completed NCT01116986 Phase 4 Long Term Nicotine Patch+ Nicotine Gum During Quit Attempt;Short Term Nicotine Patch + Nicotine Gum during the quit attempt;Pre-Quit Nicotine Gum;Pre-Quit Nicotine Patch;Pre-Quit Nicotine Patch + Pre-Quit Nicotine Gum
29 Varenicline Effects In Schizophrenic Smokers Completed NCT00548470 Phase 4 Varenicline
30 Randomized Trial of Ultrashort Psychotherapy vs Sustained-Release Bupropion for Smoking Cessation Completed NCT00484692 Phase 4 sustained-release bupropion (Zyban(R))
31 Safety And Efficacy Of 12 Weeks Of Varenicline For Smoking Cessation In Smokers With Depression Completed NCT01078298 Phase 4 varenicline;placebo
32 Smoking Cessation in Alcoholism Treatment Completed NCT00000454 Phase 4 nicotine replacement patch
33 A Study of Varenicline for Prevention of Relapse to Smoking in Patients With Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder Completed NCT00621777 Phase 4 Varenicline;Placebo
34 Predictors of Antidepressant Response Completed NCT02178696 Phase 4 Celexa or other antidepressant as clinically indicated
35 The Effects of Nicotine Withdrawal on Reward Responsivity in Schizophrenia Completed NCT00373126 Phase 4 transdermal nicotine patch
36 Varenicline for Light Smokers Completed NCT01639560 Phase 4 Varenicline;Placebo
37 Impact of Smoking Cessation on Sleep - 5 Completed NCT00132821 Phase 4 Bupropion;Transdermal Nicotine Patch;Placebo Bupropion;Placebo transdermal nicotine patch
38 Message Priming and Enrollment in, and Response to, a Smoking Cessation Program: A Pilot Study Completed NCT00596882 Phase 4
39 Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Varenicline Tartrate to Placebo in Smoking Cessation When Subjects Are Allowed to Set Their Own Quit Date Completed NCT00691483 Phase 4 placebo;varenicline
40 Evaluation of Treatments to Improve Smoking Cessation Medication Adherence Completed NCT01120704 Phase 4 Short Term Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy (patch + gum);Long Term Combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy (patch + gum)
41 Controlled Study of the Ability of a Smokefree Tobacco Product to Increase the Quit Rate Among Cigarette Smokers Completed NCT00843622 Phase 4 Low-nitrosamine smokefree tobacco product for oral use
42 Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) With Atomoxetine in Young Adults and Its Effects on Functional Outcomes Completed NCT00510276 Phase 4 Atomoxetine hydrochloride;Placebo
43 Trial Comparing Different Methods of Support With Stopping Smoking (PORTSSS/Stop Together Trial) Completed NCT00775944 Phase 4 Offer of voucher for cost-free Nicotine Replacement Therapy
44 Treatment of Smoking Lapses and Relapses Completed NCT01807871 Phase 4 nicotine patch, experimental use;nicotine patch, labeled use
45 Appetite Increase in Schizophrenia Patients Treated With Atypical Antipsychotics Completed NCT00290121 Phase 4 Olanzapine
46 Extended-Release Naltrexone vs. Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment Completed NCT02032433 Phase 4 Extended-Release Naltrexone;Buprenorphine-Naloxone
47 Nicotine Dependence, Withdrawal and Replacement Therapy Assessed by PET Imaging Recruiting NCT01664741 Phase 4 Nicotine patch - transdermal;placebo
48 Progesterone and Brain Imaging Study Recruiting NCT01954966 Phase 4 Progesterone;Placebo
49 Varenicline (Chantix) Treatment for Waterpipe Smoking Cessation Recruiting NCT02575183 Phase 4 Varinecline (Chantix);Placebo (for Varenicline)
50 Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Cigarette Smoking Recruiting NCT02595749 Phase 4 Oxytocin;Placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Tobacco Addiction

Cochrane evidence based reviews: tobacco use disorder

Sources

Genetic Tests for Tobacco Addiction

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Genetic tests related to Tobacco Addiction:

# Genetic test Affiliating Genes
1 Tobacco Addiction, Susceptibility to 29 CHRNA4 CYP2A6 GABBR2 SLC6A3
2 Nicotine Dependence 29
3 Tobacco Use Disorder 29
Sources

Anatomical Context for Tobacco Addiction

About this section

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Tobacco Addiction:

41
Brain, Testes, Lung, Endothelial, Skin, Amygdala, Cortex
Sources

Publications for Tobacco Addiction

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Articles related to Tobacco Addiction:

(show top 50) (show all 624)
# Title Authors Year
1
Building the case for comprehensive hospital-based tobacco addiction services: Applying the Ottawa Model to the City of Manchester. ( 29739705 )
2018
2
A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of contingency management for treatment of waterpipe tobacco addiction. ( 29569328 )
2018
3
What role does dopamine really play in tobacco addiction? ( 29766605 )
2018
4
Mental health service user and staff perspectives on tobacco addiction and smoking cessation: A meta-synthesis of published qualitative studies. ( 29498459 )
2018
5
Twenty Years of the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group: Past, Present, and Future. ( 27798085 )
2018
6
The lack of association between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and nicotine dependence in multiple sclerosis. ( 28127518 )
2017
7
eNOS and XRCC4 VNTR variants contribute to formation of nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia. ( 29050484 )
2017
8
Tobacco addiction in the psychiatric population and in the general population. ( 29211192 )
2017
9
Chronic low-grade peripheral inflammation is associated with severe nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: results from the national multicentric FACE-SZ cohort. ( 28238173 )
2017
10
Anxiety and Nicotine Dependence: Emerging Role of the Habenulo-Interpeduncular Axis. ( 27890353 )
2017
11
Targeted sequencing identifies genetic polymorphisms of flavin-containing monooxygenase genes contributing to susceptibility of nicotine dependence in European American and African American. ( 28413702 )
2017
12
Addiction Potential of Cigarettes With Reduced Nicotine Content in Populations With Psychiatric Disorders and Other Vulnerabilities to Tobacco Addiction. ( 28832876 )
2017
13
Association of ankyrin repeats &amp;amp; kinase domain containing 1 (<i>ANKK1</i>) gene polymorphism with co-morbid alcohol &amp;amp; nicotine dependence: A pilot study from a tertiary care treatment centre in north India. ( 28574012 )
2017
14
The insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and nicotine dependence in schizophrenia patients. ( 28028641 )
2017
15
An association between the PPARI+-L162V polymorphism and nicotine dependency among patients with schizophrenia. ( 27624431 )
2016
16
The Sociopharmacology of Tobacco Addiction: Implications for Understanding Health Disparities. ( 25890832 )
2016
17
Association Between CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 Nicotine Receptor Subunit Gene Variants and Nicotine Dependence in an Isolated Populationof Kashubians in Poland. ( 27127891 )
2016
18
Genetic Relationship between Schizophrenia and Nicotine Dependence. ( 27164557 )
2016
19
The association of dopamine pathway gene score, nicotine dependence and smoking cessation in a rural male population of Shandong, China. ( 27490263 )
2016
20
Rare, low frequency and common coding variants in CHRNA5 and their contribution to nicotine dependence in European and African Americans. ( 26239294 )
2016
21
Crucial roles of the CHRNB3-CHRNA6 gene cluster on chromosome 8 in nicotine dependence: update and subjects for future research. ( 27327258 )
2016
22
A New Blueprint for Addressing Tobacco Use Disparities to Reduce Health Disparities: The Sociopharmacology Theory of Tobacco Addiction. ( 26759341 )
2016
23
Exploring the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) as a possible measure of nicotine dependence. ( 26566575 )
2016
24
Cigarette Use and Striatal Dopamine D2/3 Receptors: Possible Role in the Link between Smoking and Nicotine Dependence. ( 27634830 )
2016
25
A study of pyrazines in cigarettes and how additives might be used to enhance tobacco addiction. ( 26063608 )
2016
26
A hierarchical instrumental decision theory of nicotine dependence. ( 25655891 )
2015
27
A functional polymorphism in the interleukin-1beta and severity of nicotine dependence in male schizophrenia: A case-control study. ( 25858413 )
2015
28
CYP2B6 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms in an Italian population sample and relationship with nicotine dependence. ( 25489907 )
2015
29
Call to action: Training in tobacco addiction in Canada. ( 26566376 )
2015
30
Genome-wide association study of nicotine dependence in American populations: identification of novel risk loci in both African-Americans and European-Americans. ( 25555482 )
2015
31
Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals common splice site acceptor variant in CHRNA4 associated with nicotine dependence. ( 26440539 )
2015
32
The role of mesoaccumbens dopamine in nicotine dependence. ( 25638334 )
2015
33
The possible role of maternal bonding style and CHRNB2 gene polymorphisms in nicotine dependence and related depressive phenotype. ( 25640319 )
2015
34
Nicotine dependence in an isolated population of Kashubians from North Poland: a population survey. ( 25652844 )
2015
35
Effect of variation in BDNF Val(66)Met polymorphism, smoking, and nicotine dependence on symptom severity of depressive and anxiety disorders. ( 25618300 )
2015
36
Association between genetic variants on chromosome 15q25 locus and several nicotine dependence traits in Polish population: a case-control study. ( 25632390 )
2015
37
The contribution of rare and common variants in 30 genes to risk nicotine dependence. ( 25450229 )
2015
38
Comparisons of three nicotine dependence scales in a multiethnic sample of young adult menthol and non-menthol smokers. ( 25744873 )
2015
39
Increased impulsivity in pathological gambling: Considering nicotine dependence. ( 25819174 )
2015
40
Tobacco addiction and smoking cessation in Austrian migrants: a cross-sectional study. ( 26044757 )
2015
41
Elevated Risk of Nicotine Dependence Among Sib-pairs Discordant for Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy: Evidence from a 40-year Longitudinal Study. ( 25767988 )
2015
42
Genetic susceptibility to oral cancer due to combined effects of GSTT1, GSTM1 and CYP1A1 gene variants in tobacco addicted patients of Pashtun ethnicity of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. ( 25735346 )
2015
43
Correlation between nicotine dependence and barriers to cessation between exclusive cigarette smokers and dual (water pipe) smokers among Arab Americans. ( 25674035 )
2015
44
A multiancestry study identifies novel genetic associations with CHRNA5 methylation in human brain and risk of nicotine dependence. ( 26220977 )
2015
45
Nicotine Dependence, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior among Adult Smokers. ( 25839000 )
2015
46
Associations between the orexin (hypocretin) receptor 2 gene polymorphism Val308Ile and nicotine dependence in genome-wide and subsequent association studies. ( 26289589 )
2015
47
Interrupting the disease of tobacco addiction. ( 25691019 )
2015
48
Relationships Between Craving Beliefs and Abstinence Self-Efficacy are Mediated by Smoking Motives and Moderated by Nicotine Dependence. ( 25744968 )
2015
49
From directive to practice: are pictorial warnings and plain packaging effective to reduce the tobacco addiction? ( 26452706 )
2015
50
T76. Baclofen as a Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Concurrent Alcohol and Nicotine Dependence: A Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial. ( 25868070 )
2015
Sources

Variations for Tobacco Addiction

About this section

ClinVar genetic disease variations for Tobacco Addiction:

6
# Gene Variation Type Significance SNP ID Assembly Location
1 GABBR2 GABABR2, HAPLOTYPE, TATA (rs1435252, rs3780422, rs2779562, rs3750344) undetermined variant risk factor
2 GABBR2 GABABR2, HAPLOTYPE, CACA (rs1435252, rs3780422, rs2779562, rs3750344) undetermined variant protective
3 SLC6A3 SLC6A3*9 undetermined variant protective
4 CHRNA4 NM_000744.6(CHRNA4): c.1316A> C (p.Lys439Thr) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs796052318 GRCh37 Chromosome 20, 61981447: 61981447
5 CHRNA4 NM_000744.6(CHRNA4): c.1316A> C (p.Lys439Thr) single nucleotide variant Uncertain significance rs796052318 GRCh38 Chromosome 20, 63350095: 63350095
6 CHRNA4 NM_000744.6(CHRNA4): c.274G> C (p.Glu92Gln) single nucleotide variant Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity rs146651027 GRCh37 Chromosome 20, 61987436: 61987436
7 CHRNA4 NM_000744.6(CHRNA4): c.274G> C (p.Glu92Gln) single nucleotide variant Conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity rs146651027 GRCh38 Chromosome 20, 63356084: 63356084

Copy number variations for Tobacco Addiction from CNVD:

7
# CNVD ID Chromosom Start End Type Gene Symbol CNVD Disease
1 256991 9 99300000 102600000 Gain or loss GPR51 Nicotine dependence
Sources

Expression for Tobacco Addiction

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Tobacco Addiction.
Sources

Pathways for Tobacco Addiction

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Pathways related to Tobacco Addiction according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 20)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Peptide ligand-binding receptors 66
Show member pathways
 13.41 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
2
Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency 64
Show member pathways
 13.13 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
3
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type 66
Show member pathways
 13.06 AKR1B10 COMT CYP2A6 GSTM1 GSTT1 MAOA
4
Circadian entrainment 37
Show member pathways
 12.8 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB4
5
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 37
Show member pathways
 12.63 CHRNA7 CYP2A6 GSTM1 GSTT1 MAOA
6
Transmission across Chemical Synapses 66
Show member pathways
 12.59 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
7
Neuroscience 4
12.43 COMT GABBR2 OPRM1 TPH1
8
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
12.01 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB4 MAOA TPH1
9
Amphetamine addiction 37
Show member pathways
 11.83 DRD2 MAOA SLC6A3
10
Nicotine Pathway (Dopaminergic Neuron), Pharmacodynamics 61
Show member pathways
 11.74 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNB2 DRD2
11
Acetaminophen Pathway (therapeutic doses), Pharmacokinetics 61
Show member pathways
 11.6 CYP2A6 GSTM1 GSTT1
12
Nicotine addiction 37
11.27 CHRNA4 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
13
Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors 66
Show member pathways
 11.15 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
14
Neurotransmitter Clearance In The Synaptic Cleft 66
Show member pathways
 11.09 COMT MAOA SLC6A3
15
Naphthalene metabolism 22
11.01 CYP2A6 GSTM1 GSTT1
16
Biogenic Amine Synthesis 1
Show member pathways
 10.95 COMT MAOA TPH1
17
noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation 1
Show member pathways
 10.74 COMT MAOA
18
Dopamine metabolism 1
10.7 COMT MAOA
19
acetone degradation I (to methylglyoxal) 1
Show member pathways
 10.59 AKR1B10 CYP2A6
20
Nicotine Pathway (Chromaffin Cell), Pharmacodynamics 61
Show member pathways
 10.41 CHRNA3 CHRNB4
Sources

GO Terms for Tobacco Addiction

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Cellular components related to Tobacco Addiction according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 synapse GO:0045202 9.91 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
2 dendrite GO:0030425 9.88 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 COMT DRD2 OPRM1
3 postsynaptic membrane GO:0045211 9.85 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
4 axon GO:0030424 9.81 COMT DRD2 OPRM1 SLC6A3
5 neuron projection GO:0043005 9.73 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
6 plasma membrane raft GO:0044853 9.58 CHRNA3 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
7 acetylcholine-gated channel complex GO:0005892 9.23 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
8 membrane GO:0016020 10.37 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
9 integral component of membrane GO:0016021 10.31 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
10 plasma membrane GO:0005886 10.27 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
11 integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887 10.1 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
12 cell junction GO:0030054 10.02 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2

Biological processes related to Tobacco Addiction according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 42)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 response to ethanol GO:0045471 9.97 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 DRD2 OPRM1 SLC6A3
2 excitatory postsynaptic potential GO:0060079 9.96 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
3 neuromuscular synaptic transmission GO:0007274 9.95 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNB2 CHRNB3
4 response to hypoxia GO:0001666 9.94 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 DRD2
5 nervous system process GO:0050877 9.92 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
6 regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential GO:0060078 9.91 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB3
7 response to cocaine GO:0042220 9.87 CHRNB2 DRD2 OPRM1 SLC6A3
8 regulation of dopamine secretion GO:0014059 9.85 CHRNA4 CHRNA6 CHRNB2 DRD2
9 response to nicotine GO:0035094 9.85 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
10 cation transmembrane transport GO:0098655 9.83 CHRNA3 CHRNA6 CHRNB3
11 sensory perception of pain GO:0019233 9.82 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 OPRM1
12 cognition GO:0050890 9.81 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
13 associative learning GO:0008306 9.8 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 DRD2
14 B cell activation GO:0042113 9.8 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
15 acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway GO:0095500 9.8 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
16 negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity GO:0007194 9.79 DRD2 GABBR2 OPRM1
17 membrane depolarization GO:0051899 9.79 CHRNA4 CHRNA6 CHRNB2
18 action potential GO:0001508 9.78 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CHRNB4
19 behavioral response to ethanol GO:0048149 9.77 CHRNA7 DRD2 OPRM1
20 dopamine catabolic process GO:0042420 9.76 COMT MAOA SLC6A3
21 synaptic transmission involved in micturition GO:0060084 9.71 CHRNA3 CHRNB2 CHRNB4
22 response to acetylcholine GO:1905144 9.7 CHRNA3 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
23 smooth muscle contraction GO:0006939 9.69 CHRNB2 CHRNB4
24 regulation of smooth muscle contraction GO:0006940 9.68 CHRNA3 CHRNB4
25 response to iron ion GO:0010039 9.68 DRD2 SLC6A3
26 positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation GO:1900273 9.68 CHRNA7 DRD2
27 dopamine metabolic process GO:0042417 9.68 COMT DRD2
28 prepulse inhibition GO:0060134 9.67 DRD2 SLC6A3
29 neurotransmitter catabolic process GO:0042135 9.67 COMT MAOA
30 catecholamine metabolic process GO:0006584 9.67 COMT MAOA
31 regulation of dopamine metabolic process GO:0042053 9.66 CHRNB2 SLC6A3
32 short-term memory GO:0007614 9.66 CHRNA7 COMT
33 adenohypophysis development GO:0021984 9.65 DRD2 SLC6A3
34 regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic GO:0032225 9.63 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
35 synaptic transmission, cholinergic GO:0007271 9.56 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
36 behavioral response to nicotine GO:0035095 9.1 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB4
37 signal transduction GO:0007165 10.33 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
38 ion transport GO:0006811 10.16 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
39 chemical synaptic transmission GO:0007268 10.13 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
40 ion transmembrane transport GO:0034220 10.11 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
41 regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391 10.06 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
42 locomotory behavior GO:0007626 10.02 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNB2 CHRNB4 DRD2 OPRM1

Molecular functions related to Tobacco Addiction according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 ion channel activity GO:0005216 9.97 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
2 acetylcholine binding GO:0042166 9.92 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
3 ligand-gated ion channel activity GO:0015276 9.86 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
4 transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888 9.83 CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB3 CHRNB4
5 acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity GO:0022848 9.76 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
6 drug binding GO:0008144 9.71 CHRNB2 CHRNB4 DRD2 SLC6A3
7 acetylcholine receptor activity GO:0015464 9.56 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
8 dopamine binding GO:0035240 9.46 DRD2 SLC6A3
9 extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity GO:0005230 9.23 CHRNA3 CHRNA4 CHRNA5 CHRNA6 CHRNA7 CHRNB2
Sources

Sources for Tobacco Addiction

About this section
3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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