Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

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Aliases & Classifications for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

MalaCards integrated aliases for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Name: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome ¹¹ ¹⁹ ⁵⁸ ⁷⁵ ⁴³ ¹⁴ ⁷¹

Painful Ophthalmoplegia ¹⁹ ⁵⁸

Nonspecific Inflammation of the Cavernous Sinus or Superior Orbital Fissure ¹⁹

Ophthalmoplegia, Painful ⁷¹

Tolosa Hunt Syndrome ¹⁹

Ths ¹⁹

Characteristics:

Age Of Onset:

All ages ⁵⁸

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases
Anatomical: Eye diseases Neuronal diseases Muscle diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³²

Diseases of the eye and adnexa

Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction

Paralytic strabismus

Other paralytic strabismus

Orphanet: ⁵⁸

Rare eye diseases

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹¹ DOID:1278

MeSH ⁴³ D020333

NCIt ⁴⁹ C85193

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁸ 75111000

MESH via Orphanet ⁴⁴ C531833 D020333

ICD10 via Orphanet ³² H49.8

UMLS via Orphanet ⁷² C0040381 C0392060

Orphanet ⁵⁸ ORPHA64686

UMLS ⁷¹ C0040381 C0392060

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Summaries for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

GARD: ¹⁹ Tolosa Hunt syndrome (THS) is a rare condition characterized by painful ophthalmoplegia (paralysis and/or weakness of the eye muscles). Signs and symptoms include a constant pain behind the eye; decreased eye movements; and signs of cranial nerve paralysis such as drooping of the upper eyelid (ptosis), double vision (diplopia), large pupil, and facial numbness. Although it is considered a benign condition, permanent neurologic deficits can occur and relapses are common. The features of THS are caused by inflammation of the cavernous sinus (an area at the base of the brain) but the underlying cause of the inflammation is unknown.

MalaCards based summary: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome, also known as painful ophthalmoplegia, is related to bell's palsy and sarcoidosis 1, and has symptoms including ophthalmoplegia An important gene associated with Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome is PRTN3 (Proteinase 3). Affiliated tissues include eye, brain and pituitary, and related phenotype is cardiovascular system.

Orphanet: ⁵⁸ Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is an ophthalmoplegic syndrome, affecting all age groups, characterized by acute attacks (lasting a few days to a few weeks) of periorbital pain, ipsilateral ocular motor nerve palsies, ptosis, disordered eye movements and blurred vision usually caused by a non-specific inflammatory process in the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure. It has an unpredicatable course with spontaneous remission occurring in some and recurrence of attacks in others.

Wikipedia: ⁷⁵ Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe and unilateral headaches with orbital... more...

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Related Diseases for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Diseases related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 392)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	bell's palsy	31.3	CRP ACE
2	sarcoidosis 1	31.0	PRTN3 CRP ACE
3	cranial nerve palsy	31.0	PRTN3 CRP ACE
4	facial paralysis	30.9	PRTN3 CRP ACE
5	multiple cranial nerve palsy	30.8	PRTN3 CRP ACE
6	sclerosing keratitis	30.5	PRTN3 CRP
7	arteriolosclerosis	30.4	CRP ACE
8	papilledema	30.4	CRP ACE
9	mononeuropathy	30.3	PRTN3 CRP ACE
10	scleritis	30.3	PRTN3 CRP
11	igg4-related disease	30.2	PRTN3 CRP
12	pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive	30.1	PRTN3 CRP ACE
13	posterior scleritis	30.1	PRTN3 CRP ACE
14	neurosarcoidosis	30.1	PRTN3 CRP ACE
15	coronary heart disease 1	29.9	CRP ACE
16	temporal arteritis	29.7	PRTN3 MTUS2 MTUS1 CRP ACE
17	aseptic meningitis	29.6	MTUS2 MTUS1 CRP
18	orbital plasma cell granuloma	29.4	PRTN3 MTUS2 MTUS1 CRP
19	exanthem	29.0	PRTN3 MTUS2 MTUS1 CRP ACE
20	herpes zoster oticus	11.4
21	kearns-sayre syndrome	11.2
22	acute ackee fruit intoxication	11.0
23	ptosis	10.8
24	headache	10.7
25	abducens palsy	10.6
26	meningioma, familial	10.6
27	papillon-lefevre syndrome	10.6
28	sarcoidosis 2	10.6
29	migraine with or without aura 1	10.5
30	vascular disease	10.5
31	b-cell lymphoma	10.4
32	burkitt lymphoma	10.4
33	systemic lupus erythematosus	10.4
34	trigeminal neuralgia	10.4
35	myasthenia gravis	10.4
36	central diabetes insipidus	10.4
37	actinomycosis	10.4
38	neuropathy	10.4
39	diabetes insipidus	10.4
40	polyarteritis nodosa	10.4
41	3-methylglutaconic aciduria, type iii	10.3
42	systemic lupus erythematosus 1	10.3
43	lymphoma	10.3
44	fourth cranial nerve palsy	10.3
45	optic nerve disease	10.3
46	thyroiditis	10.3
47	lupus erythematosus	10.3
48	hypopituitarism	10.3
49	bicipital tenosynovitis	10.3	PRTN3 CRP
50	orbital granuloma	10.3	PRTN3 CRP

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

UMLS symptoms related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

ophthalmoplegia

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

⁴⁵

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cardiovascular system	MP:0005385	9.23	ACE CD2BP2 CNDP2 CRP FKBPL GALC

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Search Clinical Trials, NIH Clinical Center for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Cochrane evidence based reviews: tolosa-hunt syndrome

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Genetic Tests for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

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Anatomical Context for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Organs/tissues related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

MalaCards : Eye, Brain, Pituitary, Salivary Gland, Smooth Muscle, Small Intestine, Breast

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Publications for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Articles related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

(show top 50) (show all 639)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Trigeminal neuralgia following Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Durmaz GS...Celebisoy N	33826103	2022
2	Complete ophthalmoplegia diagnosed as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome on interval MRI. ⁶²	Bowman S...Helming A	36328364	2022
3	A 57-year-old man with painful ophthalmoplegia and cavernous sinus involvement: Why this is not Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Rodriguez SS...Garcia-Monco JC	36073199	2022
4	Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy with Unilateral Oculomotor and Trochlear Nerve Palsy in an 8-year-old Girl. ⁶²	Akhondian J...Hashemi N	35867412	2022
5	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Encephalitis Presenting in a Patient after COVID-19 Vaccination Followed by COVID-19 Infection. ⁶²	Gogu AE...Jianu DC	35884709	2022
6	Neuro-Ophthalmological Complications of the COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review. ⁶²	Lotan I...Levy M	35427282	2022
7	A Case Report on a Unique Explanation for Headache With Ophthalmoplegia: The Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome. ⁶²	Alhakeem A...Elmahdi M	35875300	2022
8	A case of total ophthalmoplegia associated with a COVID-19 infection: case report. ⁶²	Hajjar D...Kayyali A	35619686	2022
9	Remarkable Benefit of Infliximab Therapy in Recurrent Tolosa Hunt Syndrome. ⁶²	Usha...Mugundhan K	35864695	2022
10	Tolosa hunt syndrome: A new challenge for anaesthesia. ⁶²	Devika G...Zachariah KV	36171926	2022
11	Invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis with normal findings on initial diagnostic tests that mimics Tolosa-Hunt syndrome-a diagnostic dilemma: a case report. ⁶²	Jeong YH...Seok HY	35272433	2022
12	Hypopituitarism and cranial nerve involvement mimicking Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as the initially presenting feature of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report. ⁶²	Kishimoto S...Matsuoka TA	35287660	2022
13	Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting with features of a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and pituitary enlargement. ⁶²	Sim NK...Hassan A	35232735	2022
14	Critical peritonitis secondary to gastrointestinal mucormycosis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report. ⁶²	Hattori S...Kajiyama K	34273082	2022
15	Possibility of arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging sequences with steroid therapy for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: A case report and review of literature. ⁶²	Imai M...Shimoda M	35127227	2022
16	Clinical and Cerebrospinal Fluid Characteristics in 55 Cases of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Retrospective Analytical Study. ⁶²	Yang Q...Wang J	35263741	2022
17	Frozen overnight: Acute orbital apex syndrome caused by aspergillosis. ⁶²	Pellegrini F...Meli S	35001696	2022
18	Double Down on Double Vision: An Unusual Case of Painful Diplopia. ⁶²	Oghene J...Dalal D	35111483	2021
19	Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in a Child Accompanied by Idiopathic Aseptic Meningitis. ⁶²	Ishikura T...Koga H	34583233	2021
20	Multiple Cranial Neuropathies and Pachymeningitis in a Patient With a Pathogenic Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Polymorphism. ⁶²	Vegunta S...Warner J	34788239	2021
21	Painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome, beyond Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. A case series. ⁶²	Arenas Diaz RD...Calderon Castro AP	34844691	2021
22	Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: a cause for recurrent third nerve palsy in a child. ⁶²	Nandana J...Sundaram S	34764123	2021
23	Escaping from the hunt. ⁶²	Park B...Bilyk JR	33129799	2021
24	From left to right: an unusual presentation of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with bilateral eye involvement. ⁶²	Cowie M...Alamri Y	34695104	2021
25	Painful ophthalmoplegia in a patient with a history of marginal zone lymphoma. ⁶²	Van Bogaert C...Goldman S	34617167	2021
26	Primary intracranial aggressive fibromatosis arising in sella turcica: illustrative case. ⁶²	Ujifuku K...Matsuo T	35855410	2021
27	The demographics of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in Qatar. ⁶²	Ata F...Zahid M	34355072	2021
28	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Misdiagnosed as Surgical Complication After Frontal Balloon Sinuplasty. ⁶²	Lee KI...In SM	33534326	2021
29	The youngest Japanese case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Emori K...Kaneko K	34176188	2021
30	Multiple Spontaneous Visceral Arterial Dissections in a Patient With Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome on Corticosteroid Therapy. ⁶²	Zhang N...Chen B	33838239	2021
31	Steroid responsive cavernous sinus syndrome due to Rosai-Dorfman disease: beyond Tolosa-Hunt syndrome - a case report. ⁶²	Nobrega PR...Braga-Neto P	34225703	2021
32	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Presenting After COVID-19 Vaccination. ⁶²	Chuang TY...Athar K	34513398	2021
33	Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Thu PW...Liu WM	34386372	2021
34	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report. ⁶²	K C S...Dhungana K	34508416	2021
35	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome With Anisocoria as the Sole Presenting Ophthalmic Sign. ⁶²	Arora H...Sharma V	34115450	2021
36	Dynamic alteration of internal carotid artery related to granuloma in a case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Wada T...Takahashi R	34184194	2021
37	The clinical features and outcomes of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. ⁶²	Kim H...Oh SY	34044807	2021
38	Recurrent Amaurosis Fugax Secondary to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Phenotypes and Pathology. ⁶²	Kesserwani H...Heersink M	34221749	2021
39	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Review of Diagnostic Criteria and Unresolved Issues. ⁶²	Dutta P...Anand K	34409218	2021
40	Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as initial presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. ⁶²	Lee KP...Lee WA	34549400	2021
41	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome as an Initial Presentation of Sarcoidosis. ⁶²	Brandy-Garcia A...Caminal-Montero L	31488356	2021
42	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in Childhood and Adolescence: A Literature Review in the Last 10 Years. ⁶²	Gama BP...Silva-Neto RP	32892335	2021
43	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with underlying latent tuberculosis: a diagnostic dilemma. ⁶²	Rafique Ali AA...Ramli N	33875960	2021
44	Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy revealing oculomotor nerve schwannoma. ⁶²	Mrabet S...Gouider R	35261021	2021
45	Tolosa-Hunt syndrome relapse during pregnancy following chronic intake of combined oral contraceptives. ⁶²	Piamonte BLC...Cenina AR	33462037	2021
46	[Primary vasculitis of internal carotid and vertebral arteries: a role of cytokines, transforming growth factor beta 1 and basic fibroblast growth factor]. ⁶²	Kalashnikova LA...Lesnykh TA	34460152	2021
47	Ophthalmoplegia and cranial nerve deficits in an adolescent with headache. ⁶²	Corredor MM...Holmberg PJ	34178348	2021
48	Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as a manifestation of Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis. ⁶²	Dutta P	32910772	2021
49	Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus computed tomographic scan (CT scan) of brain in evaluation of suspected cavernous sinus syndrome. ⁶²	Bhatkar S...Lal V	33283671	2020
50	Cavernous sinus lesions. ⁶²	Munawar K...Hagiwara M	32574933	2020

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Genes for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Genes related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (0 elite genes):

(show all 13)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	PRTN3	Proteinase 3	Protein Coding	5.48	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
2	ACE	Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme	Protein Coding	4.99	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
3	CASC21	Cancer Susceptibility 21	RNA Gene	4.93	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
4	FKBPL	FKBP Prolyl Isomerase Like	Protein Coding	4.86	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
5	HTR1F	5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1F	Protein Coding	4.82	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
6	CRP	C-Reactive Protein	Protein Coding	4.81	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
7	PIERCE1	Piercer Of Microtubule Wall 1	Protein Coding	4.32	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
8	CNDP2	Carnosine Dipeptidase 2	Protein Coding	4.32	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
9	GALC	Galactosylceramidase	Protein Coding	4.14	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
10	MTRNR2L7	MT-RNR2 Like 7 (Pseudogene)	Pseudogene	4.13	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
11	MTUS2	Microtubule Associated Scaffold Protein 2	Protein Coding	4.08	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
12	MTUS1	Microtubule Associated Scaffold Protein 1	Protein Coding	4.07	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴
13	CD2BP2	CD2 Cytoplasmic Tail Binding Protein 2	Protein Coding	3.96	DISEASES inferred ¹⁴

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Variations for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

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Expression for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

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Pathways for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

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GO Terms for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Molecular functions related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	metallodipeptidase activity	GO:0070573	8.92	CNDP2 ACE

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Sources for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

¹ BitterDB

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⁸ Cosmic

⁹ dbSNP

¹⁰ DGIdb

¹¹ Disease Ontology

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¹⁹ GARD

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

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²⁶ GEO DataSets

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³⁰ HPO

³¹ ICD10

³² ICD10 via Orphanet

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³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ LifeMap

³⁷ LncRNADisease

³⁸ LOVD

³⁹ MalaCards

⁴⁰ MedGen

⁴¹ MedlinePlus

⁴² MedlinePlus Genetics

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

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⁴⁹ NCIt

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⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NINDS

⁵³ Novoseek

⁵⁴ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁵ ODiseA

⁵⁶ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁷ OMIM® (Updated 08-Dec-2022)

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubChem

⁶² PubMed

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⁶⁴ QIAGEN

⁶⁵ R&D Systems

⁶⁶ Reactome

⁶⁷ Sino Biological

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ WikiPathways

⁷⁵ Wikipedia

THS MCID: TLS001 MIFTS: 34	Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS) Categories: Eye diseases, Muscle diseases, Neuronal diseases, Rare diseases	Data Licensing For inquiries, contact: [email protected]
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Symptoms & Phenotypes Expand all tables

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS)

Aliases & Classifications for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

MalaCards integrated aliases for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Characteristics:

Age Of Onset:

Classifications:

External Ids:

Summaries for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Related Diseases for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Diseases related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

UMLS symptoms related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Drugs & Therapeutics for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Cochrane evidence based reviews: tolosa-hunt syndrome

Genetic Tests for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Anatomical Context for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Organs/tissues related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Publications for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Articles related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

Genes for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Genes related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (0 elite genes):

Variations for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Expression for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Pathways for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

GO Terms for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Molecular functions related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

Sources for Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome