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MCID: TRM010
MIFTS: 56

Traumatic Brain Injury

Categories: Ear diseases, Neuronal diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Traumatic Brain Injury:

Name: Traumatic Brain Injury 38 54 43 3

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Anatomical: Neuronal diseases Ear diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)


Sources

Summaries for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MedlinePlus : 43 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) happens when a bump, blow, jolt, or other head injury causes damage to the brain. Every year, millions of people in the U.S. suffer brain injuries. More than half are bad enough that people must go to the hospital. The worst injuries can lead to permanent brain damage or death. Half of all TBIs are from motor vehicle accidents. Military personnel in combat zones are also at risk. Symptoms of a TBI may not appear until days or weeks following the injury. A concussion is the mildest type. It can cause a headache or neck pain, nausea, ringing in the ears, dizziness, and tiredness. People with a moderate or severe TBI may have those, plus other symptoms: A headache that gets worse or does not go away Repeated vomiting or nausea Convulsions or seizures Inability to awaken from sleep Slurred speech Weakness or numbness in the arms and legs Dilated eye pupils Health care professionals use a neurological exam and imaging tests to assess TBI. Serious traumatic brain injuries need emergency treatment. Treatment and outcome depend on how severe the injury is. TBI can cause a wide range of changes affecting thinking, sensation, language, or emotions. TBI can be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. People with severe injuries usually need rehabilitation. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

MalaCards based summary : Traumatic Brain Injury is related to head injury and persistent vegetative state. An important gene associated with Traumatic Brain Injury is APOE (Apolipoprotein E), and among its related pathways/superpathways are PAK Pathway and Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency. The drugs Mannitol and Midazolam have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include Bone, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are Decreased viability with paclitaxel and Decreased viability with paclitaxel

CDC : 3 CDC defines a traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a disruption in the normal function of the brain that can be caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, or penetrating head injury. Everyone is at risk for a TBI, especially children and older adults.

NINDS : 54 Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue.  Symptoms of a TBI can be mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the extent of the damage to the brain. A person with a mild TBI may remain conscious or may experience a loss of consciousness for a few seconds or minutes. Other symptoms of mild TBI include headache, confusion, lightheadedness, dizziness, blurred vision or tired eyes, ringing in the ears, bad taste in the mouth, fatigue or lethargy, a change in sleep patterns, behavioral or mood changes, and trouble with memory, concentration, attention, or thinking.  A person with a moderate or severe TBI may show these same symptoms, but may also have a headache that gets worse or does not go away, repeated vomiting or nausea, convulsions or seizures, an inability to awaken from sleep, dilation of one or both pupils of the eyes, slurred speech, weakness or numbness in the extremities, loss of coordination, and increased confusion, restlessness, or agitation.

Wikipedia : 76 Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as intracranial injury, occurs when an external force injures... more...

Sources

Related Diseases for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 367)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 head injury 32.9 APOE ENO2 S100B
2 persistent vegetative state 32.6 APOE ENO2
3 brain edema 31.1 AQP4 GFAP IL6
4 brain injury 30.9 APOE BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2 ENO2
5 post-traumatic stress disorder 30.8 APOE BDNF COMT DRD2
6 spinal cord injury 30.5 AQP4 BDNF CASP3 GFAP IL6
7 alzheimer disease 30.4 APOE BDNF CASP3 GFAP S100B UCHL1
8 hydrocephalus 30.3 APOE ENO2 GFAP IGF1 MBP
9 psychotic disorder 30.2 BDNF COMT DRD2 S100B
10 status epilepticus 30.1 BDNF CASP3 ENO2 GFAP
11 mood disorder 30.0 BDNF COMT DRD2 IL6
12 bacterial meningitis 30.0 IL10 IL6 S100B
13 neurilemmoma 29.9 ENO2 GFAP S100B
14 substance abuse 29.9 BDNF COMT DRD2
15 chiari malformation 29.9 GFAP MBP
16 neuroaxonal dystrophy 29.8 ENO2 IGF1 MBP
17 appendicitis 29.8 ENO2 IL10 IL6
18 polysubstance abuse 29.7 COMT DRD2
19 personality disorder 29.7 BDNF COMT DRD2
20 stroke, ischemic 29.6 APOE AQP4 CASP3 ENO2 MBP
21 disease of mental health 29.6 APOE BDNF COMT DRD2
22 obsessive-compulsive disorder 29.5 BDNF COMT DRD2
23 myocardial infarction 29.4 APOE CASP3 IL10 IL6 S100B
24 major depressive disorder 29.4 APOE BDNF COMT DRD2 IL6
25 brain cancer 29.4 AQP4 CASP3 ENO2 GFAP MBP
26 parkinson disease, late-onset 29.2 APOE BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2 UCHL1
27 multiple sclerosis 29.2 APOE AQP4 BDNF GFAP IL10 IL6
28 moderate and severe traumatic brain injury 12.6
29 locked-in syndrome 11.6
30 dementia pugilistica 11.5
31 pseudobulbar affect 11.5
32 shaken baby syndrome 11.5
33 post-traumatic epilepsy 11.5
34 cerebral atrophy 11.5
35 dysphagia 11.4
36 apraxia 11.4
37 agnosia 11.4
38 swallowing disorders 11.4
39 diarrhea 5, with tufting enteropathy, congenital 11.1
40 prosopagnosia 11.1
41 childhood apraxia of speech 11.1
42 tremor 11.1
43 hypopituitarism 10.7
44 intracranial hypertension 10.7
45 ocular motor apraxia 10.6
46 pituitary gland disease 10.5
47 depression 10.5
48 amnestic disorder 10.5
49 encephalopathy 10.4
50 anxiety 10.4

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury:



Diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury
Sources

Symptoms & Phenotypes for Traumatic Brain Injury

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GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Decreased viability with paclitaxel GR00179-A-1 8.92 CASP3 IGF1 IL10
2 Decreased viability with paclitaxel GR00179-A-2 8.92 IGF1

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

46 (show all 20)
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.4 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
2 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.36 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2
3 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.32 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 GFAP
4 cellular MP:0005384 10.32 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2 GFAP
5 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.32 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
6 nervous system MP:0003631 10.25 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
7 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10.23 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 GFAP
8 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 10.22 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 GFAP
9 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.22 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
10 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.21 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
11 immune system MP:0005387 10.19 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 GFAP
12 integument MP:0010771 10.13 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 IGF1 IL10
13 hearing/vestibular/ear MP:0005377 10.01 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 IGF1 MBP
14 muscle MP:0005369 9.98 APOE CASP3 DRD2 GFAP IGF1 IL10
15 normal MP:0002873 9.97 BDNF DRD2 GFAP IGF1 IL10 MBP
16 renal/urinary system MP:0005367 9.92 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
17 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.91 APOE BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
18 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.9 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
19 taste/olfaction MP:0005394 9.35 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2
20 vision/eye MP:0005391 9.23 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 GFAP IL10
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Drugs for Traumatic Brain Injury (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 451)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Mannitol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 69-65-8 453 6251
2
Midazolam Approved, Illicit Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1 59467-70-8 4192
3
Morphine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2 57-27-2 5288826
4
Zinc Approved, Investigational Phase 4 7440-66-6
5
Citalopram Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 59729-33-8 2771
6
Dopamine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
7
Methylphenidate Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 113-45-1 4158
8
Amantadine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 768-94-5 2130
9
Cisatracurium Approved Phase 4 96946-41-7
10
Atracurium Approved, Experimental, Investigational Phase 4 64228-79-1 47319
11
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 15307-86-5 3033
12
Aspirin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2 50-78-2 2244
13 tannic acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable
14
Benzocaine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable 94-09-7, 1994-09-7 2337
15
Tranexamic Acid Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 1197-18-8 5526
16
Tramadol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 27203-92-5 33741
17
Norepinephrine Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 51-41-2 439260
18
Enoxaparin Approved Phase 4,Phase 1 9005-49-6 772
19
Ethanol Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 64-17-5 702
20
Acetylcholine Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable 51-84-3 187
21
Sertraline Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 3,Not Applicable 79617-96-2 68617
22
Acetaminophen Approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1,Not Applicable,Early Phase 1 103-90-2 1983
23
Valproic Acid Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Not Applicable 99-66-1 3121
24
Hydrocortisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 50-23-7 5754
25
Hydrocortisone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 50-03-3
26
Propranolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2,Phase 1 525-66-6 4946
27
Rivastigmine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 123441-03-2 77991
28
Methyltestosterone Approved Phase 4,Phase 2 58-18-4 6010
29
Testosterone undecanoate Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2 5949-44-0
30
Testosterone enanthate Approved Phase 4,Phase 2 315-37-7 9416
31
Testosterone Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 58-22-0 6013
32
Dalteparin Approved Phase 4,Phase 3 9005-49-6
33
Heparin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3 9005-49-6 772 46507594
34
Thiopental Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 76-75-5 3000715
35
Topiramate Approved Phase 4,Early Phase 1 97240-79-4 5284627
36
Fosphenytoin Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 93390-81-9 56339
37 Piracetam Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 7491-74-9
38
Phenytoin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Early Phase 1,Not Applicable 57-41-0 1775
39
Simvastatin Approved Phase 4 79902-63-9 54454
40
Tizanidine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 1 51322-75-9 5487
41
Guaifenesin Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2 93-14-1 3516
42
Dextromethorphan Approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2 125-71-3 5360696 5362449
43
Quinidine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Phase 2 56-54-2 441074
44
Progesterone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 1,Phase 2 57-83-0 5994
45
Fluoxetine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Not Applicable 54910-89-3 3386
46
Paroxetine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 61869-08-7 43815
47
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2 2921-57-5
48
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2 83-43-2 6741
49
Memantine Approved, Investigational Phase 4,Not Applicable 19982-08-2 4054
50
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 1,Phase 2 50-24-8 5755

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1246)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Effect of Rozerem on Sleep Among People With Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT01207050 Phase 4 Ramelteon
2 A Clinical Trial of the Effect of Midazolam on the Cerebral Metabolism and Inflammatory Response in Patients With Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT02071407 Phase 4 Midazolam;Placebo
3 Intensive Versus Nonintensive Insulin Therapy for Hyperglycemia After Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT02161055 Phase 4 Insulin
4 Antidepressant Maintenance in Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT00162916 Phase 4 citalopram;Placebo
5 The CAPTAIN Trial: Cerebrolysin Asian Pacific Trial in Acute Brain Injury and Neurorecovery Unknown status NCT01606111 Phase 4 Cerebrolysin;0.9% NaCl, saline
6 Methylphenidate for Attention Problems After Pediatric TBI Unknown status NCT01933217 Phase 4 Methylphenidate;Placebo
7 Amantadine for Treatment of Symptoms of the Post-Traumatic Confusional State Unknown status NCT00693121 Phase 4 Amantadine hydrochloride;Placebo capsule
8 Is Sensory Stimulation Effective in Reducing Time Spent in a Coma or Vegetative State Unknown status NCT00163878 Phase 4
9 Treatment of Intracranial Hypertension of Severe Tramatic Brain Injured Patients. Physiopathologic Effects of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Unknown status NCT02404779 Phase 4 cisatracurium besilate
10 Normothermia in Patients With Acute Cerebral Damage Unknown status NCT00491192 Phase 4 Diclofenac
11 Does Discontinuation of Aspirin Treatment Following Head Trauma Decrease the Incidence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma? Unknown status NCT01470040 Phase 4 discontinuation of aspirin therapy;continuation of aspirin therapy
12 Intensive Insulin Therapy for Strict Glycemic Control in Neurosurgical Patients: Safety and Efficacy Unknown status NCT00505505 Phase 4 Insulin (Actrapid)
13 TXA in the EMS on the Helicopter and the Ambulance Unknown status NCT02354885 Phase 4 Tranexamic Acid
14 Tramadol Extended-Release (ER) for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Unknown status NCT01517711 Phase 4 Tramadol;Placebo
15 Using Propranolol in Traumatic Brain Injury to Reduce Sympathetic Storm Phenomenon Completed NCT03401515 Phase 4 Propranolol Hydrochloride 1 MG/ML
16 An Extension Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Rivastigmine in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) With Persistent Cognitive Deficits Completed NCT00219245 Phase 4 Rivastigmine
17 Pharmacological Intervention in Depression After Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00205491 Phase 4 Venlafaxine
18 The Relationship Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Dopamine (a Chemical in the Brain) Completed NCT02015949 Phase 4 Methylphenidate;Placebo
19 The Study of Cognitive Rehabilitation Effectiveness for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT01339806 Phase 4
20 Anterior Pituitary Hormone Replacement in Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00957671 Phase 4 Recombinant human growth hormone
21 Depression and Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00254007 Phase 4 citalopram (celexa)
22 Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Methylphenidate Effects on Early Recovery Completed NCT00035139 Phase 4 methylphenidate
23 Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects of Testosterone Therapy Completed NCT01201863 Phase 4 Androgel (Testosterone Gel);Androgel Placebo
24 Optimized Therapy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injured Patients Completed NCT02130674 Phase 4 Dipeptiven
25 Beta Blockade in in Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT02957331 Phase 4 Propranolol
26 The Use of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00170378 Phase 4 Enoxaparin
27 Bispectral Index Value Changes During Induction and Surgical Decompression in Head Injury Patients Completed NCT03480880 Phase 4
28 Topiramate Treatment of Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Use in Veterans With TBI Completed NCT01750268 Phase 4 Topiramate;Placebo
29 Assess Safety and Efficacy of Levetiracetam(LEV;Keppra)for Seizure Prevention Completed NCT00618436 Phase 4 Levetiracetam;Phenytoin
30 Simvastatin for mTBI Completed NCT01952288 Phase 4 simvastatin;Placebo Oral Tablet
31 BOTOX® Versus Zanaflex® for the Treatment of Post-Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury Upper Limb Spasticity Completed NCT00430196 Phase 4 BOTOX®;Zanaflex®
32 Safety, Tolerability and Effectiveness of Nuedexta in the Treatment of Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA) Completed NCT01799941 Phase 4 Nuedexta (DM 20 mg/Q 10 mg)
33 Enteral Glutamine in Neurologically-injured Patients Completed NCT00204971 Phase 4
34 Does Oral Micronized Progesterone Shorten Time of Symptoms From Concussion Completed NCT01809639 Phase 4 Progesterone;Placebo
35 NIMI-NICU: Non Invasive Monitoring of the Intracranial Pressure - NeuroIntensive Care Unit Completed NCT01685476 Phase 4
36 Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Fluoxetine for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: a Practical Trial Completed NCT00680602 Phase 4 SSRI (fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram)
37 Effect of IV Acetaminophen on Patients in the Neurocritical Care Unit Completed NCT01948505 Phase 4 Intravenous acetaminophen;Placebo for IV acetaminophen
38 Mannitol Versus Hypertonic Saline Solution in the Treatment of Elevated Intracranial Pressure Completed NCT00447018 Phase 4 20% mannitol;7.45% hypertonic saline solution
39 Does Short-Term Anti-Seizure Prophylaxis After Traumatic Brain Injury Decrease Seizure Rates? Recruiting NCT03054285 Phase 4 Levetiracetam
40 Effect of Amantadine Administration on Spatial Functioning Following Traumatic Brain Injury Recruiting NCT02321761 Phase 4 Amantadine hydrochloride
41 Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)-Related Attention Deficits in Children Recruiting NCT02712996 Phase 4 Lisdexamfetamine;Placebo
42 Prazosin and CSF Biomarkers in mTBI Recruiting NCT03221751 Phase 4 prazosin hydrochloride;placebo
43 Prazosin for Post-Concussive Headaches Recruiting NCT02965027 Phase 4 Prazosin;Placebos
44 Citicholine-Amantadine Trial in Traumatic Brain Injury Active, not recruiting NCT03430817 Phase 4 Citicholine;Amantadine
45 Quality Improvement and Practice Based Research in Neurology Using the EMR Enrolling by invitation NCT02670161 Phase 4 Listed for each disorder below, up to three drugs per disorder (too many characters to list in this field; see Intervention Description)
46 Timing of VTE Prophylaxis in TBI Suspended NCT03081169 Phase 4 Enoxaparin Sodium 150 MG/ML Prefilled Syringe;Heparin
47 Effect of Namenda on Short Term Memory and Attention in Patients With Mild to Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Terminated NCT00462228 Phase 4 Memantine;Placebo
48 A Comparison of Propofol Versus Midazolam to Sedate Critically Brain Injury; Measurement of Cytokine Response and Assessment of Function Terminated NCT01712477 Phase 4 Intravenous sedation using propofol;Intravenous sedation with midazolam
49 Treatment Of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency After Traumatic Brain Injury Terminated NCT00555009 Phase 4 Genotropin;Placebo
50 Neuropsychological Effects of Hydrocortisone in Patients With Partial Adrenal Insufficiency Terminated NCT01089075 Phase 4 Hydrocortisone;Placebo

Search NIH Clinical Center for Traumatic Brain Injury

Cell-based therapeutics:


LifeMap Discovery
Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
Read about Traumatic Brain Injury cell therapies at LifeMap Discovery.
Stem-cell-based therapeutic approaches for Traumatic Brain Injury:
MultiStem�, bone marrow-derived cells for neurological disorders
Embryonic/Adult Cultured Cells Related to Traumatic Brain Injury:
Bone marrow-derived adherent progenitor cells (MultiStem) PMIDs: 23205020 20637752 23020860 21175285 21248119
Sources

Genetic Tests for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Sources

Anatomical Context for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

41
Brain, Testes, Eye, Bone, Pituitary, Spinal Cord, Heart
LifeMap Discovery
Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database

Cells/anatomical compartments in embryo or adult related to Traumatic Brain Injury:
# Tissue Anatomical CompartmentCell Relevance
1 Bone Bone Marrow Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Potential therapeutic candidate
Sources

Publications for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Articles related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

(show top 50) (show all 2810)
# Title Authors Year
1
ICU Structure and Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 30557260 )
2019
2
The pig as a preclinical traumatic brain injury model: current models, functional outcome measures, and translational detection strategies. ( 30539807 )
2019
3
Intensive care admission criteria for traumatic brain injury patients across Europe. ( 30447560 )
2019
4
Rehabilitation Assessment and Management of Neurosensory Deficits After Traumatic Brain Injury in the Polytrauma Veteran. ( 30470419 )
2019
5
Vision Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 30470420 )
2019
6
Rehabilitation of Cognitive Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 30470421 )
2019
7
Outcomes of children with severe traumatic brain injury. ( 30473438 )
2019
8
The Pediatric Guideline Adherence and Outcomes (PEGASUS) programme in severe traumatic brain injury: a single-centre hybrid implementation and effectiveness study. ( 30473440 )
2019
9
Prognostic significance of serum translocator protein in patients with traumatic brain injury. ( 30385279 )
2019
10
Evaluation of serum pannexin-1 as a prognostic biomarker for traumatic brain injury. ( 30414433 )
2019
11
Inhibitory role of lentivirus-mediated aquaporin-4 gene silencing in the formation of glial scar in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. ( 30246455 )
2019
12
Predictive value of early MRI findings on neurocognitive and psychiatric outcomes in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. ( 30218878 )
2019
13
Comparison of two prehospital predictive models for mortality and impaired consciousness after severe traumatic brain injury. ( 30117150 )
2019
14
A review of research efforts to address the 2008 ACEP guideline for mild traumatic brain injury. ( 29776825 )
2019
15
Effects of pregabalin on brain edema, neurologic and histologic outcomes in experimental traumatic brain injury. ( 29730418 )
2018
16
Impaired autophagic flux is associated with the severity of trauma and the role of A<sub>2A</sub>R in brain cells after traumatic brain injury. ( 29449536 )
2018
17
Alpha desynchronization/synchronization during working memory testing is compromised in acute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). ( 29444081 )
2018
18
OXIDIZED PHOSPHOLIPID SIGNALING IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY. ( 29964171 )
2018
19
Phenol neurolysis for management of shoulder spasticity in early recovery from traumatic brain injury - a case report. ( 29933094 )
2018
20
Inhibition of HMGB1 mediates neuroprotection of traumatic brain injury by modulating the microglia/macrophage polarization. ( 29448108 )
2018
21
Safety, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Dextromethorphan/Quinidine for Pseudobulbar Affect Among Study Participants With Traumatic Brain Injury: Results From the PRISM-II Open Label Study. ( 29477412 )
2018
22
Epileptiform activity in traumatic brain injury predicts post-traumatic epilepsy. ( 29537656 )
2018
23
Intracranial pressure thresholds in severe traumatic brain injury: Con : The injured brain is not aware of ICP thresholds! ( 29978388 )
2018
24
Mild traumatic brain injury: evaluation of olfactory dysfunction and clinical-neurological characteristics. ( 29446651 )
2018
25
Corrigendum: Image of the month: Dysphagia due to injury of the corticobulbar tract following traumatic brain injury. ( 29436459 )
2018
26
Long-term and delayed functional recovery in patients with severe cerebrovascular and traumatic brain injury requiring tracheostomy. ( 29979120 )
2018
27
Comparing disability between traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury using the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 and the WHO minimal generic data set covering functioning and health. ( 29962230 )
2018
28
Traumatic Brain Injury and Firearm Use and Risk of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Among Veterans. ( 29973911 )
2018
29
Clinical predictive score of intracranial hemorrhage in mild traumatic brain injury. ( 29440905 )
2018
30
The incidence of anosmia after traumatic brain injury: the SHEFBIT cohort. ( 29874472 )
2018
31
Susceptibility-weighted and diffusion kurtosis imaging to evaluate encephalomalacia with epilepsy after traumatic brain injury. ( 29761118 )
2018
32
Evidence- and Consensus-Based Guidelines for the Management of Communication and Swallowing Disorders Following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 29385009 )
2018
33
The development of a new computer-adaptive test to evaluate strain in caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury: TBI-CareQOL Caregiver Strain. ( 29966647 )
2018
34
Risk of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Taiwan. ( 29970331 )
2018
35
Intracranial pressure thresholds in severe traumatic brain injury: Pro. ( 29978389 )
2018
36
Roles of elevated 20a89HETE in the breakdown of blood brain barrier and the severity of brain edema in experimental traumatic brain injury. ( 29568904 )
2018
37
Understanding health-related quality of life in caregivers of civilians and service members/veterans with traumatic brain injury: Reliability and validity data for the TBI-CareQOL measurement system. ( 29966648 )
2018
38
Obesity and Overweight Problems Among Individuals 1 to 25 Years Following Acute Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury: A NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study. ( 29975254 )
2018
39
Alpha-Linolenic Acid Treatment Reduces the Contusion and Prevents the Development of Anxiety-Like Behavior Induced by a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. ( 28844093 )
2018
40
Management of traumatic brain injury patients. ( 29441170 )
2018
41
A CONCOMITANT BONE FRACTURE DELAYS COGNITIVE RECOVERY FROM TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY. ( 29787539 )
2018
42
Trovafloxacin attenuates neuroinflammation and improves outcome after traumatic brain injury in mice. ( 29439712 )
2018
43
Chronic Hypopituitarism Associated with Increased Postconcussive Symptoms Is Prevalent after Blast-Induced Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 29515515 )
2018
44
Brain Oxygenation with a Non-vasoactive Perfluorocarbon Emulsion in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 29356218 )
2018
45
Hypertonic Saline Alleviates Brain Edema After Traumatic Brain Injury via Downregulation of Aquaporin 4 in Rats. ( 29600800 )
2018
46
Biomechanical simulation of traumatic brain injury in the rat. ( 29449041 )
2018
47
Efficacy and Harms of Pharmacological Interventions for Neurobehavioral Symptoms in Post Traumatic Amnesia after Traumatic Brain Injury - A Systematic Review. ( 29969935 )
2018
48
A Comparative Study of Two Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Models: Changes in Monoamine and Galanin Systems Following Single and Repeated Exposure. ( 29973912 )
2018
49
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Correlates of Self-Reported Sleep Quality and Depression Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. ( 29973910 )
2018
50
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Stroke, and Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanisms of Hyperpolarized, Depolarized, and Flow-Through Ion Channels Utilized as Tri-Coordinate Biomarkers of Electrophysiologic Dysfunction. ( 29951646 )
2018
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Variations for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Expression for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Traumatic Brain Injury.
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Pathways for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Pathways related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 20)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
PAK Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.13 BDNF CASP3 GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
2
Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency 64
Show member pathways
 13.1 AQP4 BDNF CASP3 GH1 IGF1 IL6
3
PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 37
Show member pathways
 12.83 BDNF CASP3 GH1 IGF1 IL6
4
JAK-STAT signaling pathway (KEGG) 37
Show member pathways
 12.2 GFAP GH1 IL10 IL6
5
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 12.04 BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
6
Neuroscience 4
12.03 APOE COMT ENO2 GFAP MBP S100B
7
Immune response IFN gamma signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 11.87 BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
8
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
11.87 AQP4 BDNF CASP3 IL10 IL6
9
HIF-1 signaling pathway 37
11.72 ENO2 IGF1 IL6
10
Amoebiasis 37
11.68 CASP3 IL10 IL6
11
Pertussis 37
11.57 CASP3 IL10 IL6
12
Neural Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways and Lineage-specific Markers 65
11.57 BDNF GFAP IGF1 S100B
13
G-protein signaling_RhoA regulation pathway 22
11.55 BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL6
14
Microglia Activation During Neuroinflammation: Microglia Polarization 65
11.47 BDNF IGF1 IL10 IL6
15
Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma 1
11.38 CASP3 IL6 UCHL1
16
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
11.31 APOE IGF1 IL6
17
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.18 AQP4 BDNF CASP3 GFAP IL6 MBP
18
Microglia Activation During Neuroinflammation: Steady-State Microglia 65
11.11 BDNF DRD2 IGF1 IL10
19
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 22
10.78 BDNF GFAP GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
20
ERK Pathway in Huntingtons Disease 1
10.71 BDNF CASP3
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GO Terms for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Cellular components related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.86 APOE BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
2 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.76 APOE BDNF ENO2 GH1 IGF1 IL10
3 myelin sheath GO:0043209 9.26 ENO2 GFAP MBP UCHL1
4 neuronal cell body GO:0043025 9.1 APOE CASP3 ENO2 MBP S100B UCHL1

Biological processes related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 12)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 response to drug GO:0042493 9.76 CASP3 COMT DRD2 IL10
2 axonogenesis GO:0007409 9.58 DRD2 S100B UCHL1
3 regulation of signaling receptor activity GO:0010469 9.55 BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
4 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731 9.54 GH1 IGF1 IL6
5 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation GO:0060252 9.51 GFAP IL6
6 negative regulation of B cell proliferation GO:0030889 9.49 CASP3 IL10
7 dopamine metabolic process GO:0042417 9.48 COMT DRD2
8 positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0043568 9.43 GH1 IGF1
9 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.43 GH1 IGF1 IL6
10 negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion GO:0034115 9.32 IL10 MBP
11 response to inactivity GO:0014854 8.96 DRD2 IL10
12 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 8.92 CASP3 IL10 IL6 S100B

Molecular functions related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 protein binding GO:0005515 9.83 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 ENO2
2 tau protein binding GO:0048156 9.16 APOE S100B
3 growth factor activity GO:0008083 9.02 BDNF GH1 IGF1 IL10 IL6
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Sources for Traumatic Brain Injury

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet