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MCID: TRM010
MIFTS: 51

Traumatic Brain Injury

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Aliases & Classifications for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Traumatic Brain Injury:

Name: Traumatic Brain Injury 53 42 3 37

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Summaries for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MedlinePlus : 42 What is traumatic brain injury (TBI)? Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden injury that causes damage to the brain. It may happen when there is a blow, bump, or jolt to the head. This is a closed head injury. A TBI can also happen when an object penetrates the skull. This is a penetrating injury. Symptoms of a TBI can be mild, moderate, or severe. Concussions are a type of mild TBI. The effects of a concussion can sometimes be serious, but most people completely recover in time. More severe TBI can lead to serious physical and psychological symptoms, coma, and even death. What causes traumatic brain injury (TBI)? The main causes of TBI depend on the type of head injury: Some of the common causes of a closed head injury include Falls. This is the most common cause in adults age 65 and older. Motor vehicle crashes. This is the most common cause in young adults. Sports injuries Being struck by an object Child abuse. This is the most common cause in children under age 4. Blast injuries due to explosions Some of the common causes of a penetrating injury include Being hit by a bullet or shrapnel Being hit by a weapon such as a hammer, knife, or baseball bat A head injury that causes a bone fragment to penetrate the skull Some accidents such as explosions, natural disasters, or other extreme events can cause both closed and penetrating TBI in the same person. Who is at risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI)? Certain groups are at higher risk of TBI: Men are more likely to get a TBI than women. They are also more likely to have serious TBI. Adults aged 65 and older are at the greatest risk for being hospitalized and dying from a TBI What are the symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI)? The symptoms of TBI depend on the type of injury and how serious the brain damage is. The symptoms of mild TBI can include A brief loss of consciousness in some cases. However, many people with mild TBI remain conscious after the injury. Headache Confusion Lightheadedness Dizziness Blurred vision or tired eyes Ringing in the ears Bad taste in the mouth Fatigue or lethargy A change in sleep patterns Behavioral or mood changes Trouble with memory, concentration, attention, or thinking If you have a moderate or severe TBI, you may have those same symptoms. You may also have other symptoms such as A headache that gets worse or does not go away Repeated vomiting or nausea Convulsions or seizures Not being able to wake up from sleep Larger than normal pupil (dark center) of one or both eyes. This is called dilation of the pupil. Slurred speech Weakness or numbness in the arms and legs Loss of coordination Increased confusion, restlessness, or agitation How is traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosed? If you have a head injury or other trauma that may have caused a TBI, you need to get medical care as soon as possible. To make a diagnosis, your health care provider Will ask about your symptoms and the details of your injury Will do a neurologic exam May do imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI May use a tool such as the Glasgow coma scale to determine how severe the TBI is. This scale measures your ability to open your eyes, speak, and move. May do neuropsychological tests to check how your brain is functioning What are the treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI)? The treatments for TBI depend on many factors, including the size, severity, and location of the brain injury. For mild TBI, the main treatment is rest. If you have a headache, you can try taking over-the-counter pain relievers. It is important to follow your health care provider's instructions for complete rest and a gradual return to your normal activities. If you start doing too much too soon, it may take longer to recover. Contact your provider if your symptoms are not getting better or if you have new symptoms. For moderate to severe TBI, the first thing health care providers will do is stabilize you to prevent further injury. They will manage your blood pressure, check the pressure inside your skull, and make sure that there is enough blood and oxygen getting to your brain. Once you are stable, the treatments may include Surgery to reduce additional damage to your brain, for example to Remove hematomas (clotted blood) Get rid of damaged or dead brain tissue Repair skull fractures Relieve pressure in the skull Medicines to treat the symptoms of TBI and to lower some of the risks associated with it, such as Anti-anxiety medication to lessen feelings of nervousness and fear Anticoagulants to prevent blood clots Anticonvulsants to prevent seizures Antidepressants to treat symptoms of depression and mood instability Muscle relaxants to reduce muscle spasms Stimulants to increase alertness and attention Rehabilitation therapies, which can include therapies for physical, emotional, and cognitive difficulties: Physical therapy, to build physical strength, coordination, and flexibility Occupational therapy, to help you learn or relearn how to perform daily tasks, such as getting dressed, cooking, and bathing Speech therapy, to help you to with speech and other communication skills and treat swallowing disorders Psychological counseling, to help you learn coping skills, work on relationships, and improve your emotional well-being Vocational counseling, which focuses on your ability to return to work and deal with workplace challenges Cognitive therapy, to improve your memory, attention, perception, learning, planning, and judgment Some people with TBI may have permanent disabilities. A TBI can also put you at risk for other health problems such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Treating these problems can improve your quality of life. Can traumatic brain injury (TBI) be prevented? There are steps you can take to prevent head injuries and TBIs: Always wear your seatbelt and use car seats and booster seats for children Never drive under the influence of drugs or alcohol Wear a properly fitting helmet when riding a bicycle, skateboarding, and playing sports like hockey and football Prevent falls by Making your house safer. For example, you can install railings on the stairs and grab bars in the tub, get rid of tripping hazards, and use window guards and stair safety gates for young children. Improving your balance and strength with regular physical activity

MalaCards based summary : Traumatic Brain Injury is related to head injury and persistent vegetative state. An important gene associated with Traumatic Brain Injury is APOE (Apolipoprotein E), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Parkinson disease and Neuroscience. The drugs Diclofenac and Cisatracurium have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include Bone, brain and testes, and related phenotypes are Increased viability with paclitaxel and behavior/neurological

CDC : 3 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health problem in the United States. Each year, traumatic brain injuries contribute to a substantial number of deaths and cases of permanent disability. In 2014, there were approximately 2.87 million TBI-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in the US, including over 837,000 of these health events among children. 1 A TBI is caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain. Not all blows or jolts to the head result in a TBI. The severity of a TBI may range from "mild," i.e., a brief change in mental status or consciousness to "severe," i.e., an extended period of unconsciousness or amnesia after the injury. CDC's research and programs work to prevent TBI and help people better recognize, respond, and recover if a TBI occurs.

NINDS : 53 Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue.  Symptoms of a TBI can be mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the extent of the damage to the brain. A person with a mild TBI may remain conscious or may experience a loss of consciousness for a few seconds or minutes. Other symptoms of mild TBI include headache, confusion, lightheadedness, dizziness, blurred vision or tired eyes, ringing in the ears, bad taste in the mouth, fatigue or lethargy, a change in sleep patterns, behavioral or mood changes, and trouble with memory, concentration, attention, or thinking.  A person with a moderate or severe TBI may show these same symptoms, but may also have a headache that gets worse or does not go away, repeated vomiting or nausea, convulsions or seizures, an inability to awaken from sleep, dilation of one or both pupils of the eyes, slurred speech, weakness or numbness in the extremities, loss of coordination, and increased confusion, restlessness, or agitation.

Wikipedia : 74 A traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as an intracranial injury, is an injury to the brain caused... more...

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Related Diseases for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 794)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 head injury 33.7 S100B ENO2 APOE
2 persistent vegetative state 33.3 ENO2 APOE
3 normal pressure hydrocephalus 32.3 IGF1 GFAP BDNF AQP4 APOE
4 amnestic disorder 31.7 S100B DRD2 BDNF APOE
5 dementia 31.6 UCHL1 GFAP DRD2 COMT BDNF APOE
6 obsessive-compulsive disorder 31.6 IL6 IGF1 DRD2 COMT BDNF APOE
7 brain edema 31.4 MMP9 IL6 GFAP AQP4
8 cerebral hypoxia 31.4 IGF1 CASP3
9 post-traumatic stress disorder 31.4 DRD2 COMT BDNF APOE
10 substance abuse 31.3 DRD2 COMT BDNF
11 mental depression 30.9 IL6 DRD2 COMT BDNF
12 generalized anxiety disorder 30.8 DRD2 COMT BDNF
13 hemiplegia 30.8 S100B MMP9 ENO2
14 cerebral artery occlusion 30.8 BDNF AQP4 APOE
15 personality disorder 30.8 DRD2 COMT BDNF
16 pituitary gland disease 30.8 IGF1 GH1 DRD2
17 brain injury 30.7 UCHL1 S100B MBP IL6 IGF1 GFAP
18 alexithymia 30.7 IL6 DRD2 COMT
19 anxiety 30.7 IL6 DRD2 COMT BDNF APOE
20 sleep disorder 30.6 IL6 IGF1 DRD2 BDNF APOE
21 psychotic disorder 30.6 S100B DRD2 COMT BDNF
22 akinetic mutism 30.6 S100B MBP ENO2
23 obstructive hydrocephalus 30.5 GFAP ENO2 AQP4
24 attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder 30.5 S100B IL6 DRD2 COMT BDNF
25 spinal cord injury 30.4 MMP9 IL6 GFAP CASP3 BDNF AQP4
26 decubitus ulcer 30.4 MMP9 IL6 IGF1
27 arteriovenous malformation 30.4 MMP9 IL6 APOE
28 status epilepticus 30.3 GFAP ENO2 DRD2 CASP3 BDNF
29 chiari malformation 30.3 MBP GFAP
30 ganglioglioma 30.3 S100B GFAP ENO2
31 leukoencephalopathy, hereditary diffuse, with spheroids 30.3 S100B MBP GFAP
32 endogenous depression 30.2 IL6 COMT BDNF
33 disease of mental health 30.2 IL6 DRD2 COMT BDNF APOE
34 nervous system disease 30.2 MMP9 IL6 BDNF APOE
35 non-functioning pituitary adenoma 30.2 S100B GH1
36 peripheral artery disease 30.2 IL6 IGF1 APOE
37 central precocious puberty 30.2 IGF1 GH1
38 borderline personality disorder 30.1 DRD2 COMT BDNF
39 panic disorder 30.1 IL6 DRD2 COMT BDNF
40 constipation 30.1 S100B IL6 BDNF AQP4
41 pneumococcal meningitis 30.1 MMP9 CASP3
42 mood disorder 30.1 MMP9 IL6 GFAP DRD2 COMT BDNF
43 somatoform disorder 30.0 IL6 COMT BDNF
44 apnea, obstructive sleep 30.0 IL6 IGF1 APOE
45 carotid artery occlusion 30.0 MBP GFAP CASP3
46 encephalomalacia 30.0 S100B MBP IL6 GFAP CASP3 BDNF
47 hyperprolactinemia 30.0 IGF1 GH1 DRD2
48 prion disease 30.0 GFAP ENO2 APOE
49 optic nerve disease 29.9 MBP IL6 GFAP BDNF AQP4
50 polysubstance abuse 29.9 DRD2 COMT

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury:



Diseases related to Traumatic Brain Injury
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Traumatic Brain Injury

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GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

26
# Description GenomeRNAi Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 Increased viability with paclitaxel GR00179-A-1 8.32 CASP3

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

45 (show all 20)
# Description MGI Source Accession Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 behavior/neurological MP:0005386 10.44 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
2 growth/size/body region MP:0005378 10.39 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2
3 cardiovascular system MP:0005385 10.36 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 GFAP
4 homeostasis/metabolism MP:0005376 10.36 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
5 cellular MP:0005384 10.35 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2 GFAP
6 nervous system MP:0003631 10.28 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
7 digestive/alimentary MP:0005381 10.27 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 GFAP
8 mortality/aging MP:0010768 10.27 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 DRD2 GFAP
9 hematopoietic system MP:0005397 10.26 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
10 immune system MP:0005387 10.24 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 GFAP
11 endocrine/exocrine gland MP:0005379 10.21 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
12 integument MP:0010771 10.18 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 IGF1 IL10
13 muscle MP:0005369 10.03 APOE CASP3 DRD2 GFAP IGF1 IL10
14 hearing/vestibular/ear MP:0005377 10.01 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 IGF1 MBP
15 normal MP:0002873 9.97 BDNF DRD2 GFAP IGF1 IL10 MBP
16 renal/urinary system MP:0005367 9.97 APOE AQP4 CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
17 reproductive system MP:0005389 9.96 APOE BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2 IGF1
18 respiratory system MP:0005388 9.93 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 COMT DRD2
19 taste/olfaction MP:0005394 9.35 APOE BDNF CASP3 DRD2 ENO2
20 vision/eye MP:0005391 9.28 APOE AQP4 BDNF CASP3 GFAP IL10
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Drugs for Traumatic Brain Injury (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 428)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Diclofenac Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 15307-86-5 3033
2
Cisatracurium Approved Phase 4 96946-41-7
3
Ketamine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 6740-88-1 3821
4
Quinidine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 56-54-2 441074
5
Phenytoin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 57-41-0 1775
6
Ethanol Approved Phase 4 64-17-5 702
7
Thiopental Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 76-75-5 3000715
8
Citalopram Approved Phase 4 59729-33-8 2771
9
Fosphenytoin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 93390-81-9 56339
10
Simvastatin Approved Phase 4 79902-63-9 54454
11
Sertraline Approved Phase 4 79617-96-2 68617
12
Nicotine Approved Phase 4 54-11-5 942 89594
13
Phenylephrine Approved Phase 4 59-42-7 6041
14
Oxymetazoline Approved, Investigational Phase 4 1491-59-4 4636
15
Dextromethorphan Approved Phase 4 125-71-3 5360696 5362449
16
Lidocaine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 137-58-6 3676
17
Haloperidol Approved Phase 4 52-86-8 3559
18
Diazepam Approved, Illicit, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 439-14-5 3016
19
Histamine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 51-45-6 774
20
Mirtazapine Approved Phase 4 85650-52-8, 61337-67-5 4205
21
Pseudoephedrine Approved Phase 4 90-82-4 7028
22
Ephedrine Approved Phase 4 299-42-3 9294
23
Prazosin Approved Phase 4 19216-56-9 4893
24
Doxycycline Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 4 564-25-0 54671203
25
Sargramostim Approved, Investigational Phase 4 83869-56-1, 123774-72-1
26
Rivastigmine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 123441-03-2 77991
27
Propranolol Approved, Investigational Phase 4 525-66-6 4946
28
Topiramate Approved Phase 4 97240-79-4 5284627
29
Levetiracetam Approved Phase 4 102767-28-2 441341
30
Valproic acid Approved, Investigational Phase 4 99-66-1 3121
31
Aspirin Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-78-2 2244
32
Prednisolone phosphate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 302-25-0
33
Methylprednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 83-43-2 6741
34
Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate Approved Phase 4 2921-57-5
35
Prednisolone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-24-8 5755
36 Prednisolone acetate Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 52-21-1
37
Rotigotine Approved Phase 4 99755-59-6, 92206-54-7 57537
38
Lamotrigine Approved, Investigational Phase 4 84057-84-1 3878
39
Amitriptyline Approved Phase 4 50-48-6 2160
40
Pregabalin Approved, Investigational Phase 4 148553-50-8 5486971
41
Sumatriptan Approved, Investigational Phase 4 103628-46-2 5358
42
Clopidogrel Approved Phase 4 113665-84-2, 120202-66-6 60606
43
Rizatriptan Approved Phase 4 144034-80-0, 145202-66-0 5078
44
Pramipexole Approved, Investigational Phase 4 104632-26-0 119570 59868
45
Zolmitriptan Approved, Investigational Phase 4 139264-17-8 441240 60857
46
Donepezil Approved Phase 4 120014-06-4 3152
47
Amantadine Approved Phase 4 768-94-5 2130
48
Buspirone Approved, Investigational Phase 4 36505-84-7 2477
49
Dopamine Approved Phase 4 51-61-6, 62-31-7 681
50
Hydrocortisone Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 50-23-7 5754

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 1476)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Intensive Versus Nonintensive Insulin Therapy for Hyperglycemia After Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT02161055 Phase 4 Insulin
2 A Clinical Trial of the Effect of Midazolam on the Cerebral Metabolism and Inflammatory Response in Patients With Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT02071407 Phase 4 Midazolam;Placebo
3 Normothermia in Patients With Acute Cerebral Damage Unknown status NCT00491192 Phase 4 Diclofenac
4 A Randomized Controlled Trial of Antidepressant Maintenance for Major Depression Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT00162916 Phase 4 citalopram;Placebo
5 Treatment of Intracranial Hypertension of Severe Tramatic Brain Injured Patients. Physiopathologic Effects of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents. A Controlled Randomized Study Versus Placebo Unknown status NCT02404779 Phase 4 cisatracurium besilate
6 Pilot Study: The Effect of Rozerem on Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT01207050 Phase 4 Ramelteon
7 Effects of Intensive Insulin Therapy on Mortality, Morbidity and Long Term Neurologic Outcome in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Patients Unknown status NCT00505505 Phase 4 Insulin (Actrapid)
8 Citicholine-Amantadine Trial in Traumatic Brain Injury Unknown status NCT03430817 Phase 4 Citicholine;Amantadine
9 A Randomised Control Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of Sensory Stimulation Program in Reducing the Length of Time Spent by Severely Brain Injured Patients in a Vegetative State in the Acute Hospital Environment Unknown status NCT00163878 Phase 4
10 Administration of Tranexamic Acid in the Preclinical Setting and Its Effect on Coagulation Parameters and Outcome in Multiple Trauma Patients and Isolated TBI in EMS (Schutz Und Rettung Zürich) and Helicopter Rescue(REGA). Unknown status NCT02354885 Phase 4 Tranexamic Acid
11 Efficiency and Tolerance of a Small-peptide Enteral Feeding Formula Compared to a Whole-protein Formula in the Critically Ill Patient : a Prospective Randomized Trial Unknown status NCT01833624 Phase 4
12 Does Discontinuation of Aspirin Treatment Following Head Trauma Decrease the Incidence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma? Unknown status NCT01470040 Phase 4 discontinuation of aspirin therapy;continuation of aspirin therapy
13 Efficacy of Methylphenidate for Management of Long-Term Attention Problems After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Completed NCT01933217 Phase 4 Methylphenidate;Placebo
14 The Use of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00170378 Phase 4 Enoxaparin
15 A 26-Week Open-Label Extension to Protocol No. CENA713BUS11: A 12-Week, Prospective, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Rivastigmine 3 to 6 mg/Day in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) With Persistent Cognitive Deficits Completed NCT00219245 Phase 4 Rivastigmine
16 Pharmacological Intervention in Depression After Traumatic Brain Injury (A Research Study Within the Traumatic Brain Injury Model System) Completed NCT00205491 Phase 4 Venlafaxine
17 Improvement of Therapy in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Differential Impact of Local and Systemic Changes and Routinely Applied Drugs Completed NCT02130674 Phase 4 Dipeptiven
18 Treatment Outcomes With Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate (Vyvanse) in Children With Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Attention Deficits Completed NCT02712996 Phase 4 Lisdexamfetamine;Placebo
19 Topiramate Treatment of Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Use in Veterans With TBI Completed NCT01750268 Phase 4 Topiramate;Placebo
20 Beta-Adrenergic Blockade for Suppression of Catecholamine Surge Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Trial Completed NCT02957331 Phase 4 Propranolol
21 Anterior Pituitary Hormone Replacement in Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00957671 Phase 4 Recombinant human growth hormone
22 Using Propranolol in Traumatic Brain Injury to Reduce Sympathetic Storm Phenomenon: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Injury to Reduce Sympathetic Storm Phenomenon: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Completed NCT03401515 Phase 4 Propranolol Hydrochloride 1 MG/ML
23 Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects of Testosterone Therapy Completed NCT01201863 Phase 4 Androgel (Testosterone Gel);Androgel Placebo
24 Simvastatin: Proof-of-Concept for Prevention of Neurodegeneration in Mild TBI Completed NCT01952288 Phase 4 simvastatin;Placebo Oral Tablet
25 Assessment of Seizure Prophylaxis Protocols Using Intravenous Levetiracetam in a Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit Completed NCT00618436 Phase 4 Levetiracetam;Phenytoin
26 Phase IV Study of Cognitive Rehabilitation Effectiveness for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT01339806 Phase 4
27 Amantadine Hydrochloride for Treatment of Symptoms of the Post-traumatic Confusional State Among Neurorehabilitation Admissions With TBI: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Completed NCT00693121 Phase 4 Amantadine hydrochloride;Placebo capsule
28 The Control of Brain Networks After Traumatic Brain Injury: a Neuroimaging and Neuropsychological Study of Dopamine and Cognition Completed NCT02015949 Phase 4 Methylphenidate;Placebo
29 Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Methylphenidate Effects on Early Recovery Completed NCT00035139 Phase 4 methylphenidate
30 The Serotonin Transporter Gene Polymorphism and Major Depression Following Traumatic Brain Injury Completed NCT00254007 Phase 4 citalopram (celexa)
31 Bispectral Index Value Changes During Induction and Surgical Decompression in Head Injury Patients Completed NCT03480880 Phase 4
32 Equimolar Doses of Mannitol and Hypertonic Saline in the Treatment of Elevated Intracranial Pressure Completed NCT00447018 Phase 4 20% mannitol;7.45% hypertonic saline solution
33 Micronized Oral Progesterone and Effect on Time Symptomatic From Concussion: A Pilot Study Completed NCT01809639 Phase 4 Progesterone;Placebo
34 A Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability and Effectiveness of Nuedexta (Dextromethorphan 20 mg/Quinidine 10 mg) in the Treatment of Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA) Completed NCT01799941 Phase 4 Nuedexta (DM 20 mg/Q 10 mg)
35 Video and Temporal Spatial Parameters Assessment of Gait After Dysport Treatment. A Pilot Study Completed NCT03501043 Phase 4 Dysport
36 Abobotulinumtoxina Efficacy in Post-Traumatic Headache Completed NCT03928496 Phase 4 AbobotulinumtoxinA;Normal saline
37 An Open-Label Trial of Memantine for Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Completed NCT02258828 Phase 4 Memantine;Placebo
38 The Effect of Amantadine on Movement Disorder in Ataxia-Telangiectasia Completed NCT00950196 Phase 4 amantadine sulphate
39 Comparative Efficacy of Three Preparations of Botox-A in Treating Spasticity Completed NCT00178646 Phase 4 Botox
40 Progesterone Augmentation of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Study Completed NCT02685072 Phase 4 Progesterone (200 mgs BID);Placebo
41 Dexmedetomidine Addition to Benzodiazepines for Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in the ICU: a Randomised Controlled Study Completed NCT02496650 Phase 4 Dexmedetomidine
42 Restrictive vs. Liberal Oxygen Therapy for Trauma Patients. PILOT: The TRAUMOX Trial Completed NCT03491644 Phase 4 Titrated Oxygen;Liberal Oxygen
43 Combined Mirtazapine and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Completed NCT01178671 Phase 4 Mirtazapine;Sertraline
44 Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous Fluid In Severely Injured Paediatric Trauma Patients: Comparison of Normal Saline Versus Ringer's Lactate Completed NCT01692769 Phase 4 Normal Saline;Ringer's Lactate
45 Influence of Vasopressors on Brain Oxygenation and Microcirculation in Anesthetized Patients With Cerebral Tumors Completed NCT02713087 Phase 4 Ephedrine;Phenylephrine
46 A Study of Sertraline to Prevent PTSD Completed NCT00182078 Phase 4 Placebo;Sertraline
47 A Multi-Center, Open Label Randomized Stratified Controlled Trial of the Effects of Blood Glucose Management on 90-Day All-Cause Mortality in a Heterogenous Population of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients. Completed NCT00220987 Phase 4
48 EFFICACY OF KETAMINE-PROPOFOL COMBINATION FOR SHORT SURGICAL PROCEDURES Completed NCT01651988 Phase 4 Ketamina-Propofol Combination
49 Cerebral Protection of Dexmedetomidine Against Paroxysmal Sympathetic Overexcited in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Recruiting NCT04006054 Phase 4 Dexmedetomidine;Midazolam
50 Effect of Amantadine Administration on Spatial Functioning Following Traumatic Brain Injury Recruiting NCT02321761 Phase 4 Amantadine hydrochloride

Search NIH Clinical Center for Traumatic Brain Injury

Cell-based therapeutics:


LifeMap Discovery
Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
Read about Traumatic Brain Injury cell therapies at LifeMap Discovery.
Stem-cell-based therapeutic approaches for Traumatic Brain Injury:
MultiStem, bone marrow-derived cells for neurological disorders
Embryonic/Adult Cultured Cells Related to Traumatic Brain Injury:
Bone marrow-derived adherent progenitor cells (MultiStem) PMIDs: 23205020 20637752 23020860 21175285 21248119
Sources

Genetic Tests for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Sources

Anatomical Context for Traumatic Brain Injury

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MalaCards organs/tissues related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

40
Brain, Testes, Bone, Spinal Cord, Cortex, Eye, Pituitary
LifeMap Discovery
Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database

Cells/anatomical compartments in embryo or adult related to Traumatic Brain Injury:
# Tissue Anatomical CompartmentCell Relevance
1 Bone Bone Marrow Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Potential therapeutic candidate
Sources

Publications for Traumatic Brain Injury

About this section

Articles related to Traumatic Brain Injury:

(show top 50) (show all 30001)
# Title Authors PMID Year
1
Is trauma center designation associated with disparities in discharge to rehabilitation centers among elderly patients with Traumatic Brain Injury? 42 61
32178839 2020
2
Tranexamic acid is safe to use following mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury. 61 42
32161036 2020
3
Treatment Thresholds in Neurotrauma. 42
32059269 2020
4
Acute effects of human protein S administration after traumatic brain injury in mice. 61
32394965 2020
5
Injury of the dentatorubrothalamic tract in patients with post-traumatic tremor following mild traumatic brain injury: a case-control study. 61
32394963 2020
6
Impaired cerebral blood flow regulation in chronic traumatic brain injury. 61
32505751 2020
7
Effects of seawater immersion on open traumatic brain injury in rabbit model. 61
32445716 2020
8
The pathologic outcomes and efficacy of epothilone treatment following traumatic brain injury is determined by age. 61
32480164 2020
9
Visualization of cortical cerebral blood flow dynamics during craniotomy in acute subdural hematoma using laser speckle imaging in a rat model. 61
32445715 2020
10
The single intravenous administration of methylene blue after traumatic brain injury diminishes neurological deficit, blood-brain barrier disruption and decrease in the expression of S100 protein in rats. 61
32339501 2020
11
Progesterone treatment following traumatic brain injury in the 11-day-old rat attenuates cognitive deficits and neuronal hyperexcitability in adolescence. 61
32335121 2020
12
Long-term beneficial effects of hematopoietic growth factors on brain repair in the chronic phase of severe traumatic brain injury. 61
32360282 2020
13
TMT-based proteomics analysis reveals the protective effects of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in a rat model of traumatic brain injury. 61
32298754 2020
14
Cathepsin B in neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, and related brain disorders. 61
32305689 2020
15
Predicting the need for tracheostomy in trauma patients without severe head injury. 61
31948704 2020
16
D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio for the prediction of progressive hemorrhagic injury after traumatic brain injury. 61
32333859 2020
17
Spermidine Exhibits Protective Effects Against Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
31916070 2020
18
γ' fibrinogen levels are associated with blood clot strength in traumatic brain injury patients. 61
31948701 2020
19
Disparity in discharging elderly traumatic brain injury patients to rehabilitation centers based on trauma center level. 61
32370875 2020
20
TGFβ1 alleviates axonal injury by regulating microglia/macrophages alternative activation in traumatic brain injury. 61
32389801 2020
21
Modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress to prevent epilepsy and improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury. 61
31837825 2020
22
Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury-associated epilepsy in western China: An analysis of multicenter data. 61
32438297 2020
23
Associations between coping style, illness perceptions and self-reported symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury in prospectively studied pre-morbidly healthy individuals. 61
30560733 2020
24
Identification of adverse events in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury patients to target evidence-based prevention for increased performance improvement and patient safety. 61
32446657 2020
25
Establishing the Factor Structure of a Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement System for Caregivers of Persons Living With Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
32315649 2020
26
Participation in competitive employment after severe traumatic brain injury: New employment versus return to previous (pre-injury) employment. 61
30404583 2020
27
The reliability of evaluating conversations between people with traumatic brain injury and their communication partners via videoconferencing. 61
30520702 2020
28
The Effect of Age and Pain on Quantitative Sensory Testing Measurements After Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Preliminary Findings. 61
32208852 2020
29
Low-pressure fluid percussion minimally adds to the sham craniectomy-induced neurobehavioral changes: Implication for experimental traumatic brain injury model. 61
32240659 2020
30
Fast-tracking regenerative medicine for traumatic brain injury. 61
31960797 2020
31
Reading eye movements in traumatic brain injury. 61
31784207 2020
32
Mitochondrial damage & lipid signaling in traumatic brain injury. 61
32289317 2020
33
Genetic Variation in the TP53 Gene and Patient Outcomes Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
32207313 2020
34
Usefulness of serum glucose and potassium ratio as a predictor for 30-day death among patients with severe traumatic brain injury. 61
32240656 2020
35
Predictors of intracranial hypertension in children undergoing ICP monitoring after severe traumatic brain injury. 61
31970473 2020
36
Functional outcome, in-hospital healthcare consumption and in-hospital costs for hospitalised traumatic brain injury patients: a Dutch prospective multicentre study. 61
32410121 2020
37
Early cognitive impairment is common after intracranial hemorrhage with mild traumatic brain injury. 61
32102043 2020
38
Association of Insurance Status With Treatment and Outcomes in Pediatric Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
32427612 2020
39
Microglia and macrophage metabolism in CNS injury and disease: The role of immunometabolism in neurodegeneration and neurotrauma. 61
32289316 2020
40
The factor structure of the Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI) following traumatic brain injury. 61
30616440 2020
41
Formoterol, a β2-adrenoreceptor agonist, induces mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury. 61
32289370 2020
42
Early life stress increases vulnerability to the sequelae of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury. 61
32305419 2020
43
The Difference Rehabilitation Makes. 61
32516257 2020
44
Hope After TBI Begins with Rehabilitation. 61
32516256 2020
45
Akt and Src mediate the photocrosslinked fibroin-induced neural differentiation. 61
32467514 2020
46
Letter: Blood Pressure Variability and Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure - New Therapeutic Targets in Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
32294201 2020
47
Alternative continuous intracranial pressure-derived cerebrovascular reactivity metrics in traumatic brain injury: a scoping overview. 61
32385635 2020
48
The role of amantadine in cognitive recovery early after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. 61
32244036 2020
49
VEGI Improves Outcomes in the Early Phase of Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. 61
32380270 2020
50
Alcohol consumption during adolescence alters the hippocampal response to traumatic brain injury. 61
32505350 2020
Sources

Variations for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Sources

Expression for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Traumatic Brain Injury.
Sources

Pathways for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Pathways related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 15)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
Parkinson disease 36
Show member pathways
 12.97 UCHL1 IL6 DRD2 CASP3 BDNF APOE
2
Neuroscience 4
12.03 UCHL1 S100B MBP GFAP ENO2 COMT
3
Immune response IFN alpha/beta signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 11.98 IL6 IL10 IGF1 GH1 BDNF
4
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
11.76 IL6 IL10 CASP3 BDNF AQP4
5
Amoebiasis 36
11.72 IL6 IL10 CASP3
6
Pertussis 36
11.57 IL6 IL10 CASP3
7
LPA receptor mediated events 1
11.48 MMP9 IL6 CASP3
8
Endochondral Ossification 1
11.47 MMP9 IGF1 GH1
9
Neural Stem Cells and Lineage-specific Markers 64
11.46 S100B IGF1 GFAP BDNF
10
Lung fibrosis 1
11.43 MMP9 IL6 IGF1
11
Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma 1
11.32 UCHL1 IL6 CASP3
12
Spinal Cord Injury 1
11.25 MMP9 MBP IL6 GFAP CASP3 BDNF
13
Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis 22
11.23 IL6 IGF1 APOE
14
G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway 22
10.7 IL6 IL10 IGF1 GH1 GFAP BDNF
15
ERK Pathway in Huntingtons Disease 1
10.69 CASP3 BDNF
Sources

GO Terms for Traumatic Brain Injury

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Cellular components related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.81 S100B MMP9 IL6 IL10 IGF1 GH1
2 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.65 SPTAN1 S100B MMP9 IL6 IL10 IGF1
3 astrocyte end-foot GO:0097450 9.26 GFAP AQP4
4 neuronal cell body GO:0043025 9.1 UCHL1 S100B MBP ENO2 CASP3 APOE

Biological processes related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 18)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.87 MMP9 IL6 IL10 CASP3
2 axonogenesis GO:0007409 9.73 UCHL1 S100B DRD2
3 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0050731 9.71 IL6 IGF1 GH1
4 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein GO:0042531 9.67 IL6 IGF1 GH1
5 learning or memory GO:0007611 9.65 S100B CASP3 BDNF
6 response to drug GO:0042493 9.65 IL10 DRD2 COMT CASP3 BDNF
7 negative regulation of amyloid-beta formation GO:1902430 9.58 IGF1 APOE
8 positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:1904707 9.58 MMP9 IL10 IGF1
9 positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0043568 9.55 IGF1 GH1
10 regulation of neuroinflammatory response GO:0150077 9.52 MMP9 IL6
11 negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion GO:0034115 9.51 MBP IL10
12 positive regulation of receptor binding GO:1900122 9.46 MMP9 BDNF
13 regulation of neurotransmitter uptake GO:0051580 9.43 GFAP DRD2
14 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043066 9.43 MMP9 IL6 IL10 IGF1 CASP3 BDNF
15 axon target recognition GO:0007412 9.37 UCHL1 BDNF
16 positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade GO:0046427 9.33 IL6 IL10 GH1
17 response to inactivity GO:0014854 9.32 IL10 DRD2
18 response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 8.92 S100B IL6 IL10 CASP3

Molecular functions related to Traumatic Brain Injury according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 protein binding GO:0005515 9.89 UCHL1 SPTAN1 S100B MMP9 MBP IL6
2 growth factor activity GO:0008083 9.02 IL6 IL10 IGF1 GH1 BDNF
Sources

Sources for Traumatic Brain Injury

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 EFO
18 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HMDB
31 HPO
32 ICD10
33 ICD10 via Orphanet
34 ICD9CM
35 IUPHAR
36 KEGG
37 LifeMap
39 LOVD
41 MedGen
43 MeSH
44 MESH via Orphanet
45 MGI
48 NCI
49 NCIt
50 NDF-RT
53 NINDS
54 Novoseek
56 OMIM
57 OMIM via Orphanet
61 PubMed
63 QIAGEN