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MCID: TRC012
MIFTS: 49

Trichuriasis

Categories: Rare diseases, Infectious diseases
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Symptoms & Phenotypes Drugs
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Aliases & Classifications for Trichuriasis

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MalaCards integrated aliases for Trichuriasis:

Name: Trichuriasis 12 53 3 44 15
Whipworm Infection 53 3
Infection by Trichuris Trichiura 73
Infection by Trichuris Trichura 12
Trichuris Trichiura Infection 12
Trichuriasis Infection 12
Trichocephaliasis 53
Whipworm Disease 12

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Rare diseases Infectious diseases
See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)
ICD10: 33


External Ids:

Disease Ontology 12 DOID:1252
ICD10 33 B79
ICD9CM 35 127.3
MeSH 44 D014257
UMLS 73 C0040954
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Summaries for Trichuriasis

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Disease Ontology : 12 A parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease that involves parasitic infection located in intestine in humans, has material basis in Trichuris trichiura, which is transmitted by ingestion of food contaminated with egg-carrying soil. The infection has symptom abdominal pain, has symptom diarrhea, has symptom rectal prolapse and has symptom growth retardation.

MalaCards based summary : Trichuriasis, also known as whipworm infection, is related to enterobiasis and schistosomiasis, and has symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhea and rectal prolapse. An important gene associated with Trichuriasis is IL9 (Interleukin 9), and among its related pathways/superpathways are TGF-Beta Pathway and Akt Signaling. The drugs Albendazole and Mebendazole have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include intestine in humans, colon and t cells.

CDC : 3 An estimated 604-795 million people in the world are infected with whipworm. Whipworm, hookworm, and Ascaris are known as soil-transmitted helminths (parasitic worms). Together, they account for a major burden of disease worldwide.

Wikipedia : 76 Trichuriasis, also known as whipworm infection, is an infection by the parasitic worm Trichuris... more...

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Related Diseases for Trichuriasis

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Diseases related to Trichuriasis via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 195)
# Related Disease Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 enterobiasis 30.8 IL13 IL9
2 schistosomiasis 29.9 IL10 IL13 TNF
3 necatoriasis 29.7 CXCL8 IL10
4 parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease 29.2 IL10 IL13 STH TNF
5 colitis 29.2 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
6 tungiasis 29.1 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
7 gastroenteritis 29.0 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
8 malaria 27.8 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
9 cytokine deficiency 10.7 IL13 IL9
10 angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia 10.7 IL13 TNF
11 actinic prurigo 10.6 IL13 TNF
12 apple allergy 10.6 IL10 IL13
13 beta-lactam allergy 10.6 IL10 IL13
14 myelitis 10.6 IL9 TNF
15 peanut allergy 10.6 IL10 IL13
16 punctate inner choroidopathy 10.6 IL10 TNF
17 tropical endomyocardial fibrosis 10.6 IL10 TNF
18 lipoid nephrosis 10.5 IL10 IL13
19 microscopic polyangiitis 10.5 IL10 TNF
20 multifocal choroiditis 10.5 IL10 TNF
21 endomyocardial fibrosis 10.5 IL10 TNF
22 transient hypogammaglobulinemia 10.5 IL10 TNF
23 choroiditis 10.5 IL10 TNF
24 idiopathic achalasia 10.5 IL10 TNF
25 mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 10.5 IL10 TNF
26 primary systemic mycosis 10.5 IL10 TNF
27 poliomyelitis 10.5 IL10 TNF
28 intermediate uveitis 10.5 IL10 TNF
29 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis 10.5 IL10 TNF
30 paranasal sinus disease 10.5 IL10 IL13
31 orofacial granulomatosis 10.5 IL10 TNF
32 post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease 10.5 IL10 TNF
33 coccidiosis 10.5 IL10 TNF
34 eales disease 10.5 IL10 TNF
35 hemorrhagic fever 10.5 IL10 TNF
36 spotted fever 10.5 IL10 TNF
37 mast cell disease 10.5 IL13 IL9
38 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 10.5 IL10 TNF
39 panuveitis 10.5 IL10 TNF
40 scrub typhus 10.5 IL10 TNF
41 plasmodium vivax malaria 10.5 IL10 TNF
42 q fever 10.4 IL10 TNF
43 lacrimal apparatus disease 10.4 IL10 TNF
44 aphthous stomatitis 10.4 IL10 TNF
45 churg-strauss syndrome 10.4 IL10 TNF
46 severe hemophilia a 10.4 IL10 TNF
47 epstein-barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma 10.4 IL10 TNF
48 lepromatous leprosy 10.4 IL10 TNF
49 leukocyte disease 10.4 IL13 TNF
50 hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome 10.4 IL10 TNF

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Trichuriasis:



Diseases related to Trichuriasis
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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Trichuriasis

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Symptoms:

12
  • • abdominal pain
  • • diarrhea
  • • rectal prolapse
  • • growth retardation
Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Trichuriasis

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Drugs for Trichuriasis (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 26)
# Name Status Phase Clinical Trials Cas Number PubChem Id
1
Albendazole Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable 54965-21-8 2082
2
Mebendazole Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3,Not Applicable 31431-39-7 4030
3
Piperazine Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 110-85-0 4837
4
Pyrantel Approved, Vet_approved Phase 4 15686-83-6
5
Citric Acid Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved Phase 4,Phase 3 77-92-9 311
6 Anthelmintics Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
7 Anti-Infective Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
8 Antimitotic Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
9 Antiparasitic Agents Phase 4,Phase 3,Phase 2,Not Applicable
10 Antiprotozoal Agents Phase 4,Phase 2,Not Applicable
11 Neuromuscular Agents Phase 4
12 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Phase 4
13 Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents Phase 4
14 Oxantel Phase 4
15 Peripheral Nervous System Agents Phase 4
16 Piperazine citrate Phase 4,Phase 3
17 Pyrantel Pamoate Phase 4
18 Adjuvants, Immunologic Phase 4
19 Antirheumatic Agents Phase 4
20 Citrate Nutraceutical Phase 4,Phase 3
21
Oxfendazole Investigational, Vet_approved Phase 2 53716-50-0 40854
22 Vaccines Phase 2
23 Pharmaceutical Solutions Phase 2
24 Cayenne Nutraceutical Phase 2
25
Ivermectin Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Not Applicable 70288-86-7 6474909
26
Praziquantel Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Not Applicable 55268-74-1 4891

Interventional clinical trials:

(show all 18)
# Name Status NCT ID Phase Drugs
1 The Efficacy of Five Anthelmintic Regimes Against Trichuris Trichiura Infections in Schoolchildren in Jimma, Ethiopia Completed NCT01327469 Phase 4 Albendazole, 2 x 400mg;Albendazole 400mg;Mebendazole 500mg;Mebendazole 2 x 500mg;Pyrantel-oxantel + mebendazole
2 Efficacy Albendazole and Levamisole Against STH on Unguja Completed NCT00659997 Phase 4 Albendazole;Levamisole
3 A Safety Study of Mebendazole in Children 2 to 10 Years of Age Completed NCT01173562 Phase 3 Mebendazole
4 Efficacy and Safety of IVM/ALB Co-administration Not yet recruiting NCT03527732 Phase 2, Phase 3 Albendazole;Albendazole and Ivermectin
5 Inoculating Celiac Disease Patients With the Human Hookworm Necator Americanus: Evaluating Immunity and Gluten-sensitivity Completed NCT00671138 Phase 2
6 Trichuris Suis Ova (TSO) Suspension Versus Placebo in Active Crohn's Disease Completed NCT01279577 Phase 2 Low dose TSO;Medium dose TSO;High dose TSO;Placebo
7 Probiotic Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis With Trichuris Suis Ova (TSO) Recruiting NCT03565939 Phase 2
8 Efficacy of Oxfendazole in the Treatment of Trichuris Trichiura Infection in Adults Not yet recruiting NCT03435718 Phase 2 Oxfendazole;Albendazole
9 Study of the Efficacy of Oxfendazole Compared to Albendazole in the Treatment of Trichuris Trichiura Infection in Adults Not yet recruiting NCT02636803 Phase 2 oxfendazole;albendazole
10 Albendazole Dose Finding and Pharmacokinetics in Children and Adults Not yet recruiting NCT03527745 Phase 2 Albendazole;Albendazole;Albendazole;Albendazole;Placebo
11 Efficacy and Safety of Ascending Dosages of Moxidectin and Moxidectin-albendazole Against Trichuris Trichiura Not yet recruiting NCT03501251 Phase 2 Moxidectin 8mg;Moxidectin 8 mg + albendazole 400 mg;Moxidectin 16 mg;Moxidectin 16 mg + albendazole 400 mg;Moxidectin 24 mg;Moxidectin 24 mg + albendazole 400 mg
12 TSO in Pediatric Autistic Spectrum Disorders Terminated NCT01734941 Phase 2 TSO;Placebo
13 The Sero-Prevalence and Genetic Study for the Infectious Diseases and Metabolic Syndrome in Solomon Islands Completed NCT01080989 Not Applicable
14 Effectiveness of Combined Albendazole and Ivermectin Treatment for Intestinal Worm Infections Completed NCT00207753 Not Applicable albendazole vs. combined albendazole/ivermectin treatment
15 Empiric Therapy of Helminth Co-infection to Reduce HIV-1 Disease Progression Completed NCT00507221 Not Applicable Albendazole;Praziquantel;Current standard of care in Kenya
16 Immune Modulation From Trichuris Suis Completed NCT03079700
17 Immune Modulation From Trichuris Trichiura Completed NCT02399683
18 Parasitic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract Terminated NCT00001162

Search NIH Clinical Center for Trichuriasis

Inferred drug relations via UMLS 73 / NDF-RT 51 :


Cochrane evidence based reviews: trichuriasis

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Genetic Tests for Trichuriasis

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Anatomical Context for Trichuriasis

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The Foundational Model of Anatomy Ontology organs/tissues related to Trichuriasis:

19
Intestine In Humans

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Trichuriasis:

41
Colon, T Cells
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Publications for Trichuriasis

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Articles related to Trichuriasis:

(show top 50) (show all 102)
# Title Authors Year
1
Trichuriasis. ( 29406051 )
2018
2
Clinical correlates of trichuriasis diagnosed at colonoscopy. ( 29058208 )
2017
3
A First Case of Human Trichuriasis from a Roman Lead Coffin in France. ( 27853119 )
2016
4
Current status of human hookworm infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis, schistosomiasis mekongi and other trematodiases in Lao People's Democratic Republic. ( 24515942 )
2014
5
Trichuriasis diagnosed by colonoscopy: case report and review of the literature spanning 22 years in mainland China. ( 23523058 )
2013
6
Growth reduction among primary schoolchildren with light trichuriasis in Malaysia treated with albendazole. ( 23682433 )
2013
7
Household social determinants of ascariasis and trichuriasis in North Central Venezuela. ( 24029148 )
2012
8
Utilizing environmental, socioeconomic data and GIS techniques to estimate the risk for ascariasis and trichuriasis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. ( 22041638 )
2012
9
Effects of chronic ascariasis and trichuriasis on cytokine production and gene expression in human blood: a cross-sectional study. ( 21666788 )
2011
10
Trichuriasis and low-iron status in schoolchildren from Northwest Mexico. ( 20700138 )
2010
11
Colonic transcriptional profiling in resistance and susceptibility to trichuriasis: phenotyping a chronic colitis and lessons for iatrogenic helminthosis. ( 20687192 )
2010
12
Trichuriasis colitis detected by Doppler sonography. ( 20571789 )
2010
13
Sonographic whipworm dance in trichuriasis. ( 19321687 )
2009
14
Computed tomographic findings of trichuriasis. ( 16830393 )
2006
15
Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm. ( 16679166 )
2006
16
Immunity, immunoregulation and the ecology of trichuriasis and ascariasis. ( 15771679 )
2004
17
Comparative efficacy of albendazole and three brands of mebendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis. ( 15293971 )
2004
18
Prolonged treatment with albendazole for massive trichuriasis infection. ( 15545874 )
2004
19
A case of gastroenteritis associated with gastric trichuriasis. ( 12808334 )
2003
20
Age- and infection intensity-dependent cytokine and antibody production in human trichuriasis: the importance of IgE. ( 11865424 )
2002
21
Comparative clinical studies of nitazoxanide, albendazole and praziquantel in the treatment of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hymenolepiasis in children from Peru. ( 12055813 )
2002
22
A comparison of cellular and humoral immune responses to trichuroid derived antigens in human trichuriasis. ( 11874563 )
2002
23
Trichuriasis: localized inflammatory responses in the colon. ( 12236416 )
2002
24
Epidemiology of human geohelminth infections (ascariasis, trichuriasis and necatoriasis) in Lushui and Puer Counties, Yunnan Province, China. ( 11288999 )
2000
25
Efficacy of multiple dose mebendazole against trichuriasis in Thai and Karen patients. ( 11289001 )
2000
26
Use of Fenbendazole in Treating Trichuriasis in Colobus Monkeys. ( 23985619 )
1999
27
Randomised trial of albendazole and pyrantel in symptomless trichuriasis in children. ( 9798586 )
1998
28
Ascariasis, trichuriasis, and growth of schoolchildren in Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. ( 10772554 )
1998
29
Trichuriasis associated to severe transient Coomb's-negative hemolytic anemia and macroscopic hematuria. ( 11995911 )
1995
30
Case in point. Trichuriasis. ( 7852465 )
1995
31
Transmission of trichuriasis in a sexual setting? ( 7849126 )
1994
32
Serum isotype responses after treatment of human trichuriasis. ( 7974688 )
1994
33
Basal and ACTH-stimulated plasma aldosterone concentrations are normal or increased in dogs with trichuriasis-associated pseudohypoadrenocorticism. ( 7983625 )
1994
34
Does ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection predispose to non-specific abdominal symptoms among adults in endemic areas? ( 8009635 )
1994
35
School performance, nutritional status and trichuriasis in Jamaican schoolchildren. ( 7531045 )
1994
36
Immunoepidemiology of intestinal helminth infections. 4. Immunopathology in trichuriasis: lessons from the mouse model. ( 7974660 )
1994
37
Do ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections predispose to non-specific abdominal symptoms among adults in endemic areas? ( 8273160 )
1993
38
A comparative study on the efficacy of albendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of ascariasis, hookworm infection and trichuriasis. ( 7939948 )
1993
39
Modulation of cytokine production and response phenotypes in murine trichuriasis. ( 1437236 )
1992
40
Ascariasis and trichuriasis in Cameroon. ( 2068772 )
1991
41
Helper T-cell subsets in mouse trichuriasis. ( 15463401 )
1991
42
Trichuris and trichuriasis in humans. ( 2683614 )
1989
43
Host predisposition to trichuriasis: the mouse--T. muris model. ( 2762038 )
1989
44
The evidence for predisposition to trichuriasis in humans: comparison of institutional and community studies. ( 3250338 )
1988
45
Gastric trichuriasis in a black and white colobus monkey. ( 3505990 )
1986
46
Epidemiological aspects of Trichuris and trichuriasis in Caribbean communities. ( 3299888 )
1986
47
Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis. ( 4039128 )
1985
48
Selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. XII. Ascariasis and trichuriasis. ( 6377443 )
1984
49
Benzimidazoles in the treatment of trichuriasis: a review. ( 6378109 )
1984
50
Efficacy Of Mebendazole In Treatment And Control Of Trichuriasis In Korea. ( 12902674 )
1983
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Variations for Trichuriasis

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Expression for Trichuriasis

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Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Trichuriasis.
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Pathways for Trichuriasis

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Pathways related to Trichuriasis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 27)
# Super pathways Score Top Affiliating Genes
1
TGF-Beta Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.24 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
2
Akt Signaling 64
Show member pathways
 13.14 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
3
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system 66
Show member pathways
 13.09 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
4
PAK Pathway 64
Show member pathways
 13.03 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
5
Allograft rejection 1 37
Show member pathways
 12.65 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
6
NF-kappaB Signaling 4
12.32 IDO1 IL10 TNF
7
Th17 cell differentiation 37
Show member pathways
 12.23 IL10 IL13 TNF
8
T cell receptor signaling pathway 37
Show member pathways
 12.21 IL10 IL9 TNF
9
Regulation of IFNA signaling 66
Show member pathways
 12.15 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
10
IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways 65
Show member pathways
 12.12 CXCL8 IL13 TNF
11
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Susceptibility Pathways 1
11.95 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 TNF
12
Immune response IFN gamma signaling pathway 22
Show member pathways
 11.87 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9
13
Amoebiasis 37
11.71 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
14
Interleukin-4 and 13 signaling 66
11.61 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 TNF
15
Pertussis 37
11.59 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
16
Lung fibrosis 1
11.5 CXCL8 IL13 TNF
17
Malaria 37
11.36 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
18
Th2 Differentiation Pathway 65
11.32 IL10 IL13 IL9
19
African trypanosomiasis 37
11.18 IDO1 IL10 TNF
20
IL-10 Pathway 64
11.16 IL10 TNF
21
Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways 65
11.16 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
22
Development and heterogeneity of the ILC family 1
11.09 IL13 IL9 TNF
23
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response 1
11.02 IL10 IL13 TNF
24
EBV LMP1 signaling 1
10.97 CXCL8 TNF
25
OX40 Pathway 64
10.91 IL10 IL13 IL9
26
Overview of nanoparticle effects 1
10.85 CXCL8 TNF
27
Interleukin-10 signaling 66
10.61 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 TNF
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GO Terms for Trichuriasis

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Cellular components related to Trichuriasis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 extracellular space GO:0005615 9.35 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
2 extracellular region GO:0005576 9.1 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 PROK2 TNF

Biological processes related to Trichuriasis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 20)
# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0019221 9.71 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 TNF
2 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0071222 9.67 CXCL8 IL10 TNF
3 negative regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042130 9.59 IDO1 IL10
4 positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:1904707 9.58 IL10 TNF
5 negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process GO:2000352 9.58 IL10 IL13
6 negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle GO:0045930 9.57 IL10 TNF
7 positive regulation of cytokine secretion GO:0050715 9.56 IL10 TNF
8 response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 9.56 CXCL8 IDO1 IL10 IL13
9 negative regulation of interleukin-6 production GO:0032715 9.55 IL10 TNF
10 immune response GO:0006955 9.55 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
11 embryonic digestive tract development GO:0048566 9.54 CXCL8 TNF
12 positive regulation of macrophage activation GO:0043032 9.52 IL10 IL13
13 negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host GO:0044130 9.51 IL10 TNF
14 response to molecule of bacterial origin GO:0002237 9.48 CXCL8 IL10
15 positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion GO:0034116 9.46 IL10 TNF
16 endothelial cell apoptotic process GO:0072577 9.43 IL10 TNF
17 negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response GO:0002740 9.37 IL10 TNF
18 regulation of signaling receptor activity GO:0010469 9.35 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
19 receptor biosynthetic process GO:0032800 9.32 IL10 TNF
20 inflammatory response GO:0006954 9.17 CXCL8 IDO1 IL10 IL13 IL9 PROK2

Molecular functions related to Trichuriasis according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

# Name GO ID Score Top Affiliating Genes
1 cytokine activity GO:0005125 9.02 CXCL8 IL10 IL13 IL9 TNF
2 cytokine receptor binding GO:0005126 8.96 IL13 IL9
Sources

Sources for Trichuriasis

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3 CDC
7 CNVD
9 Cosmic
10 dbSNP
11 DGIdb
17 ExPASy
19 FMA
28 GO
29 GTR
30 HGMD
31 HMDB
32 HPO
33 ICD10
34 ICD10 via Orphanet
35 ICD9CM
36 IUPHAR
37 KEGG
38 LifeMap
40 LOVD
42 MedGen
44 MeSH
45 MESH via Orphanet
46 MGI
49 NCI
50 NCIt
51 NDF-RT
54 NINDS
55 Novoseek
57 OMIM
58 OMIM via Orphanet
62 PubMed
64 QIAGEN
69 SNOMED-CT via HPO
70 SNOMED-CT via Orphanet
71 TGDB
72 Tocris
73 UMLS
74 UMLS via Orphanet
The MalaCards human disease database index: 1-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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