Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

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Aliases & Classifications for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

MalaCards integrated aliases for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia:

Name: Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia ¹² ¹⁵

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma with Igm Gammopathy ¹²

Classifications:

MalaCards categories:
Global: Cancer diseases
Anatomical: Blood diseases Immune diseases

See all MalaCards categories (disease lists)

ICD10: ³⁴

Neoplasms

Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of lymphoid, haematopoietic and related tissue

Malignant immunoproliferative diseases

Waldenstr�m macroglobulinaemia

External Ids:

Disease Ontology ¹² DOID:0060901

ICD9CM ³⁶ 273.3

MeSH ⁴⁵ D008258

NCIt ⁵¹ C80307

SNOMED-CT ⁶⁹ 35562000

ICD10 ³⁴ C88.0

UMLS ⁷⁴ C0024419

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Summaries for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Disease Ontology : ¹² A lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal cells in the bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid tissues, and associated with the production of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal protein.

MalaCards based summary : Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with igm gammopathy, is related to macroglobulinemia and mononeuritis multiplex. An important gene associated with Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia is MYD88 (MYD88 Innate Immune Signal Transduction Adaptor), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation and Antigen processing-Cross presentation. The drugs leucovorin and Bortezomib have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include bone and bone marrow, and related phenotypes are Reduced mammosphere formation and Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)

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Related Diseases for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Diseases related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 58)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	macroglobulinemia	30.5	MYD88 CXCR4 CD27 BTK
2	mononeuritis multiplex	10.3	MAG MYOM2
3	mononeuritis of upper limb and mononeuritis multiplex	10.2	MAG MYOM2
4	chronic polyneuropathy	10.2	MAG MYOM2
5	osteosclerotic myeloma	10.2	MAG MYOM2
6	irak4 deficiency	10.2	BTK MYD88
7	congenital hypogammaglobulinemia	10.2	BTK CD19
8	myd88 deficiency	10.2	BTK MYD88
9	indolent myeloma	10.2	B2M MYOM2
10	monoclonal paraproteinemia	10.2	CD27 MYD88
11	pleuropneumonia	10.2	CD19 MYD88
12	aids dementia complex	10.2	B2M CXCR4
13	extramedullary plasmacytoma	10.2	B2M MYOM2
14	bladder lymphoma	10.1	CD19 CD5
15	intravascular large b-cell lymphoma	10.1	B2M CD5
16	ecthyma	10.1	BTK MYOM2
17	amyloid tumor	10.1	B2M MYOM2
18	epidural neoplasm	10.1	CD27 CD5
19	invasive malignant thymoma	10.0	CD19 CD38
20	cll/sll	10.0	CD38 CD5
21	marginal zone b-cell lymphoma	10.0	CD5 MYD88
22	diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome	10.0	CD19 CD38
23	richter's syndrome	10.0	CD38 CD5
24	mantle cell lymphoma	10.0	BTK CD19 CD5
25	waldenstrom macroglobulinemia	10.0	MYD88 MAG CXCR4 BTK
26	cloacogenic carcinoma	10.0	B2M CD27
27	lymphatic system cancer	9.9	CD19 CD5
28	transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy	9.9	BTK CD19 CD27
29	posterior scleritis	9.9	CD19 CD22
30	b cell deficiency	9.9	BTK CD19 CD27
31	gamma heavy chain disease	9.9	CD19 CD38 MYD88
32	human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease	9.8	B2M CD38 CXCR4
33	lateral medullary syndrome	9.8	CD19 CD22
34	b cell prolymphocytic leukemia	9.8	CD19 CD38 CD5
35	prolymphocytic leukemia	9.8	CD19 CD38 CD5
36	hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	9.8	B2M CD27 CD5
37	bone marrow cancer	9.8	B2M CD38 MYOM2
38	b-cell expansion with nfkb and t-cell anergy	9.8	B2M CD38 CD5
39	lymphosarcoma	9.8	CD22 CD5
40	lymphocytic leukemia	9.8	BTK CD38 CD5 MYD88
41	cryoglobulinemia	9.7	CD27 CD5
42	colon lymphoma	9.7	CD19 CD22 CD5
43	lung lymphoma	9.7	CD19 CD22 CD5
44	lymphoma, hodgkin, classic	9.7	CD19 CD22 CD5
45	small intestine lymphoma	9.7	B2M CD19 CD22
46	non-secretory myeloma	9.6	MYOM2 CD38 CD19 B2M
47	common variable immunodeficiency	9.6	BTK CD19 CD27 CD38
48	anterior scleritis	9.4	CD5 CD22 CD19 B2M
49	leukemia, acute myeloid	9.4	CD19 CD22 CD38 CXCR4
50	mature b-cell neoplasm	9.4	MYOM2 MAG CD38 CD19 B2M

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

GenomeRNAi Phenotypes related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

²⁷

#	Description	GenomeRNAi Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Reduced mammosphere formation	GR00396-S	9.35	CD22 CD27 CD5 MAG MYD88
2	Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)	GR00250-A-1	9.17	CXCR4 MYD88
3	Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)	GR00250-A-2	9.17	BTK CD27 CD38 CXCR4 MYD88

MGI Mouse Phenotypes related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia:

⁴⁷

#	Description	MGI Source Accession	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cellular	MP:0005384	9.92	B2M BTK CD19 CD22 CD27 CD38
2	hematopoietic system	MP:0005397	9.85	B2M BTK CD19 CD22 CD27 CD38
3	digestive/alimentary	MP:0005381	9.65	B2M BTK CD19 CXCR4 MYD88
4	immune system	MP:0005387	9.65	B2M BTK CD19 CD22 CD27 CD38
5	neoplasm	MP:0002006	9.02	B2M BTK CD19 CXCR4 MYD88

Sources

Drugs & Therapeutics for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Drugs for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show all 7)

#

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

1

leucovorin

Approved

Phase 1

58-05-9

6006 143

Synonyms:

(5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl)glutamate

(6R,S)-5-Formyltetrahydrofolate

10-Formyl-7,8-dihydrofolate

10-Formyl-7,8-dihydrofolic acid

5 Formyltetrahydrofolate

5 Formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate

5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl-L-glutamic acid

5-Formyltetrahydrofolate

5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid

5-Formyltetrahydrofolic acid

5-Formyltetrahydropteroylglutamate

5-Formyltetrahydropteroylglutamic acid

Acid, folinic

Acide folinique

Acido folinico

Calcium citrovorum factor

Calcium folinate

Calcium leucovorin

Citrovorum factor

Factor, citrovorum

Folinate

Folinate, calcium

Folinic acid

Folinic acid calcium salt

Folinic acid calcium salt USP27

Folinic acid SF

Folinic acid-SF

L(-)-5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

L(-)-5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

Leucal

Leucovorin

Leucovorin calcium

Leucovorin folinic acid

Leucovorin, (D)-isomer

Leucovorin, (DL)-isomer

Leucovorin, (R)-isomer

Leucovorin, calcium

Leucovorin, calcium (1:1) salt

Leucovorin, calcium (1:1) salt, (DL)-isomer

Leucovorin, calcium (1:1) salt, pentahydrate

Leucovorin, monosodium salt

Leucovorinum

Leukovorin

Leukovorum

Levoleucovorin

L-leucovorin

L-Leucovorin

L-N-[P-[[(2-amino-5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-glutamic acid

Monosodium salt leucovorin

N(5)-Formyltetrahydrofolate

N-(5-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl)-L-glutamic acid

N5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

N5-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

N5-Formyltetrahydrofolate

N5-Formyltetrahydrofolic acid

Rescuvolin

Welcovorin

Wellcovorin

2

Bortezomib

Approved, Investigational

Phase 1

179324-69-7

387447 93860

Synonyms:

[(1R)-3-methyl-1-({(2S)-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]propanoyl}amino)butyl]boronic acid

[(1R)-3-methyl-1-[[(2S)-3-phenyl-2-(pyrazine-2-carbonylamino)propanoyl]amino]butyl]boronic acid

179324-69-7

341, PS

AC1L8TUW

bortezomib

Bortezomib

Bortezomib (JAN/USAN/INN)

CHEBI:287372

CHEBI:41143

CHEMBL325041

CID387447

D03150

DB07475

DPBA

FT-0082488

I14-3268

LDP 341

LDP341

LDP-341

LPD 341

LPD-341

MLN341

MolPort-003-845-298

N-[(1R)-1-(dihydroxyboranyl)-3-methylbutyl]-Nalpha-(pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-phenylalaninamide

N-[(1R)-1-(DIHYDROXYBORYL)-3-methylbutyl]-N-(pyrazin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-phenylalaninamide

N-[(1R)-1-(DIHYDROXYBORYL)-3-METHYLBUTYL]-N-(PYRAZIN-2-YLCARBONYL)-L-PHENYLALANINAMIDE

NCI60_029010

NSC681239

NSC-681239

PROSCRIPT BORONIC ACID

PS 341

PS-341

Pyz-Phe-boroLeu

S1013_Selleck

SBB071337

Velcade

Velcade (TN)

Velcade, MG-341, PS-341, Bortezomib

3

Folic Acid

Approved, Nutraceutical, Vet_approved

Phase 1

59-30-3

6037

Synonyms:

(2S)-2-[[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-1H-pteridin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]amino]pentanedioic acid

01769_FLUKA

2d0k

33609-88-0

36653-55-1 (mono-potassium salt)

59-30-3

6484-89-5 (mono-hydrochloride salt)

AC-11682

AC1L1LNX

Acfol (Spain)

Acide folique

Acide folique [INN-French]

Acido folico

ácido fólico

Acido folico [INN-Spanish]

Acidum folicum

Acidum folicum [INN-Latin]

Acifolic

AI3-26387

AKOS000503224

Antianemia factor

Apo-Folic

ARONIS014410

b9, Vitamin

BIDD:ER0563

BIDD:GT0641

BIF0608

bmse000299

BPBio1_000654

BSPBio_000594

BSPBio_002338

C00504

C20H20N6O6

CAS-59-30-3

CCRIS 666

CHEBI:27470

CHEMBL1622

CID6037

CPD000471860

Cytofol

D00070

DB00158

DivK1c_000494

Dosfolat b activ

Dosfolat B activ

EINECS 200-419-0

F0043

F7876_SIAL

F7876_SIGMA

F8758_SIGMA

F8798_SIAL

F8890_SIGMA

Facid

Factor U

FOL

Folacid

Folacin

Folaemin

Folaemin [Netherlands]

Folan

Folasic (Australia)

Folate

Folbal

Folcidin

Folcidin (VAN)

Folcysteine

Foldine

Foldine [France]

Folettes

Foliamin

Folic

folic acid

Folic Acid

Folic acid (JP15/USP/INN)

Folic acid (TN)

Folic acid [BAN:INN:JAN]

Folic acid [INN:BAN:JAN]

Folic acid dihydrate

Folic acid, (D)-isomer

Folic acid, (DL)-isomer

Folic acid, calcium salt (1:1)

Folic acid, monopotassium salt

Folic acid, monosodium salt

Folic acid, potassium salt

Folic acid, sodium salt

Folicet

Folicet (TN)

Folico

Folico (Italy)

Folina

Folina (Italy)

Folipac

Folsaeure

Folsan

Folsaure

Folsäure

Folsav

Folvite

Folvron

Glutamic acid, N-(p-(((2-amino-4-hydroxypyrimido(4,5-b)pyrazin-6-yl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-, L

HMS1921D20

HMS2092N17

HMS501I16

HSDB 2002

IDI1_000494

Incafolic

InChI=1/C19H19N7O6/c20-19-25-15-14(17(30)26-19)23-11(8-22-15)7-21-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)16(29)24-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(27)28/h1-4,8,12,21H,5-7H2,(H,24,29)(H,27,28)(H,31,32)(H3,20,22,25,26,30)/t12-/m0/s

KBio1_000494

KBio2_001861

KBio2_004429

KBio2_006997

KBio3_001558

KBioGR_002222

KBioSS_001861

Kyselina listova

Kyselina listova [Czech]

Liver lactobacillus casei factor

Liver Lactobacillus casei factor

LS-2157

Millafol

Mission prenatal

Mittafol

MLS001304016

MLS001335861

MolPort-004-285-551

N-(4-(((2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzo- yl)-L-glutamic acid

N-(4-((2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid

N-(4-{[(2-amino-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid

N-(4-{[(2-amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid

N-(p-(((2-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid

N-[(4-{[(2-amino-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)carbonyl]-L-glutamate

N-[(4-{[(2-amino-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)carbonyl]-L-glutamic acid

N-[4-[[(2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-Pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid

NCGC00016265-01

NCGC00142391-01

nchembio.108-comp10

Nifolin

Nifolin [Denmark]

NINDS_000494

Novofolacid

Novofolacid [Canada]

N-Pteroyl-L-glutamate

N-pteroyl-L-glutamic acid

N-Pteroyl-L-glutamic acid

NSC 3073

PGA

PGA (VAN)

Prestwick_230

Prestwick3_000627

PteGlu

Pteroylglutamate

Pteroylglutamic acid

Pteroyl-L-glutamate

Pteroyl-L-glutamic acid

Pteroyl-L-monoglutamate

Pteroyl-L-monoglutamic acid

Pteroylmonoglutamate

Pteroylmonoglutamic acid

SAM002264616

SDCCGMLS-0066738.P001

Serum Folate Level

SMP2_000137

SMR000471860

SPBio_001357

Spectrum_001381

SPECTRUM1502020

Spectrum2_001459

Spectrum3_000749

Spectrum4_001751

Spectrum5_000602

UNII-935E97BOY8

Usaf cb-13

Vitamin B11

Vitamin b9

Vitamin B9

Vitamin Bc

Vitamin BC

Vitamin be

Vitamin Be

Vitamin m

Vitamin M

4

Vitamin B Complex

Phase 1

5

Folic Acid Antagonists

Phase 1

6

Folate

Phase 1

7

Vitamin B9

Phase 1

Interventional clinical trials:

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Phase I Bortezomib (VELCADE) in Combo With Pralatrexate in Relapsed/Refractory MM	Completed	NCT01114282	Phase 1	velcade;Pralatrexate

Search NIH Clinical Center for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

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Genetic Tests for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

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Anatomical Context for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia:

⁴²

Bone, Bone Marrow

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Publications for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Articles related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia:

#	Title	Authors	Year
1	Cryptococcal pleural effusion in an HTLV-I carrier with Waldenstroem's macroglobulinemia. ( 1561905 )	Taguchi H....Miyoshi I.	1992
2	WALDENSTROEM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA WITH TRANSIENT CHOLESTATIC JAUNDICE; CASE REPORT. ( 14273609 )	BRAULT A.M.	1965
3	CLINICAL ASPECTS OF WALDENSTROEM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA. WITH REPORT OF A CASE. ( 14098291 )	GITELSON S....KIESELSTEIN M.	1963

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Genes for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Genes related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia (0 elite genes):

(show all 11)

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	MYD88	MYD88 Innate Immune Signal Transduction Adaptor	Protein Coding	25.68	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)
2	CXCR4	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4	Protein Coding	23.77	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵ GeneCards inferred via : Disorders (show sections)
3	BTK	Bruton Tyrosine Kinase	Protein Coding	16.38	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
4	MYOM2	Myomesin 2	Protein Coding	16.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
5	MAG	Myelin Associated Glycoprotein	Protein Coding	16.18	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
6	CD5	CD5 Molecule	Protein Coding	15.41	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
7	CD19	CD19 Molecule	Protein Coding	15.37	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
8	B2M	Beta-2-Microglobulin	Protein Coding	15.06	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
9	CD38	CD38 Molecule	Protein Coding	15.05	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
10	CD22	CD22 Molecule	Protein Coding	14.99	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵
11	CD27	CD27 Molecule	Protein Coding	14.94	DISEASES inferred ¹⁵

Sources

Variations for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

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Expression for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia.

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Pathways for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Pathways related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 11)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and presentation ⁶⁷ Show member pathways Adaptive Immune System ⁶⁷ Antigen processing- Ubiquitination and Proteasome degradation ⁶⁷	13.07	B2M BTK CD19 CD22 MYD88
2	Antigen processing-Cross presentation ⁶⁷ Show member pathways Cross-presentation of particulate exogenous antigens (phagosomes) ⁶⁷ Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway ⁶⁷ ER-Phagosome pathway ⁶⁷ Immune response Antigen presentation by MHC class I ²³	12.1	B2M BTK MYD88
3	B cell receptor signaling pathway (KEGG) ³⁸ Show member pathways B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway ¹ BCR signaling pathway ¹	12.01	BTK CD19 CD22
4	NF-kappaB Signaling ⁴	11.95	B2M BTK CD19 CD38 CXCR4 MYD88
5	B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway (sino) ⁶⁸ Show member pathways B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway ⁶⁸	11.91	BTK CD19 CD22
6	Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell ⁶⁷	11.67	B2M CD19 CD22
7	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Pathways and Lineage-specific Markers ⁶⁶	11.62	CD19 CD22 CD38 CD5
8	Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers ⁶⁷ Show member pathways B-Cell Receptor Complex ⁶⁵ CD22 mediated BCR regulation ⁶⁷ CLEC7A (Dectin-1) induces NFAT activation ⁶⁷ FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization ⁶⁷	11.52	BTK CD19 CD22
9	Hematopoietic cell lineage ³⁸	11.44	CD19 CD22 CD38 CD5
10	Primary immunodeficiency ³⁸	11	BTK CD19
11	B Cell Development Pathways ⁶⁶	10.82	CD19 CD22 CD27 CD38 CD5 CXCR4

Sources

GO Terms for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

Cellular components related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	plasma membrane	GO:0005886	9.65	B2M BTK CD19 CD22 CD27 CD38
2	cell surface	GO:0009986	9.55	B2M CD22 CD27 CD38 CXCR4
3	external side of plasma membrane	GO:0009897	9.02	B2M CD19 CD27 CD5 CXCR4

Biological processes related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	apoptotic process	GO:0006915	9.76	BTK CD27 CXCR4 MYD88
2	regulation of immune response	GO:0050776	9.61	B2M CD19 CD22
3	B cell receptor signaling pathway	GO:0050853	9.5	BTK CD19 CD38
4	cell surface receptor signaling pathway	GO:0007166	9.48	CD27 MYD88
5	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway	GO:0002755	9.4	BTK MYD88
6	response to interleukin-1	GO:0070555	9.37	CD38 MYD88
7	immunoglobulin mediated immune response	GO:0016064	9.26	CD27 MYD88
8	positive regulation of B cell differentiation	GO:0045579	9.16	BTK CD27
9	apoptotic signaling pathway	GO:0097190	9.13	BTK CD38 CD5
10	negative regulation of neuron projection development	GO:0010977	8.8	B2M CD38 MAG

Molecular functions related to Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	sialic acid binding	GO:0033691	8.62	CD22 MAG

Sources

Sources for Waldenstroem's Macroglobulinemia

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FDA Approved Drugs

²⁰ FMA

²¹ GeneAnalytics

²² GeneCards

²³ GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²⁴ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁵ GeneReviews

²⁶ Genetics Home Reference

²⁷ GenomeRNAi

²⁸ GEO DataSets

²⁹ GO

³⁰ GTR

³¹ HGMD

³² HMDB

³³ HPO

³⁴ ICD10

³⁵ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁶ ICD9CM

³⁷ IUPHAR

³⁸ KEGG

³⁹ LifeMap

⁴⁰ LncRNADisease

⁴¹ LOVD

⁴² MalaCards

⁴³ MedGen

⁴⁴ MedlinePlus

⁴⁵ MeSH

⁴⁶ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁷ MGI

⁴⁸ miR2Disease

⁴⁹ NCBI Bookshelf

⁵⁰ NCI

⁵¹ NCIt

⁵² NDF-RT

⁵³ NIH Clinical Center

⁵⁴ NIH Rare Diseases

⁵⁵ NINDS

⁵⁶ Novoseek

⁵⁷ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁸ OMIM

⁵⁹ OMIM via Orphanet

⁶⁰ Orphanet

⁶¹ PathCards

⁶² PharmGKB

⁶³ PubMed

⁶⁴ PubMed Health

⁶⁵ QIAGEN

⁶⁶ R&D Systems

⁶⁷ Reactome

⁶⁸ Sino Biological

⁶⁹ SNOMED-CT

⁷⁰ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁷¹ SNOMED-CT via Orphanet

⁷² TGDB

⁷³ Tocris

⁷⁴ UMLS

⁷⁵ UMLS via Orphanet

⁷⁶ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁷ Wikipedia