Whiplash disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials

MCID: WHP002 MIFTS: 36	Whiplash
Genes Tissues Related diseases Publications Pathways Drugs Expand all tables

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Aliases & Classifications for Whiplash

MalaCards integrated aliases for Whiplash:

Name: Whiplash ⁵³

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Summaries for Whiplash

NINDS : ⁵³ Whiplash-a soft tissue injury to the neck-is also called neck sprain or neck strain. It is characterized by a collection of symptoms that occur following damage to the neck, usually because of sudden extension and flexion. The disorder commonly occurs as the result of an automobile accident and may include injury to intervertebral joints, discs, and ligaments, cervical muscles, and nerve roots. Symptoms such as neck pain may be present directly after the injury or may be delayed for several days. In addition to neck pain, other symptoms may include neck stiffness, injuries to the muscles and ligaments (myofascial injuries), headache, dizziness, abnormal sensations such as burning or prickling (paresthesias), or shoulder or back pain. In addition, some people experience cognitive, somatic, or psychological conditions such as memory loss, concentration impairment, nervousness/irritability, sleep disturbances, fatigue, or depression.

MalaCards based summary : Whiplash is related to radiculopathy and allergic hypersensitivity disease. An important gene associated with Whiplash is CCL3 (C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3), and among its related pathways/superpathways are PEDF Induced Signaling and Akt Signaling. The drugs Pharmaceutical Solutions and Dexamethasone acetate have been mentioned in the context of this disorder. Affiliated tissues include testes, brain and eye.

Wikipedia : ⁷⁴ Whiplash is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Damien Chazelle. It depicts the... more...

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Related Diseases for Whiplash

Diseases related to Whiplash via text searches within MalaCards or GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show top 50) (show all 194)

#	Related Disease	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	radiculopathy	30.4	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
2	allergic hypersensitivity disease	30.3	KNG1 CCL5 CCL3
3	paine syndrome	29.8	KNG1 COMT
4	multiple sclerosis	28.5	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
5	systemic lupus erythematosus	28.4	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
6	chronic pain	10.9
7	headache	10.7
8	head injury	10.6
9	fibromyalgia	10.5
10	back pain	10.5
11	acute stress disorder	10.4
12	post-traumatic stress disorder	10.4
13	migraine with or without aura 1	10.3
14	spinal cord injury	10.3
15	traumatic brain injury	10.3
16	amnestic disorder	10.3
17	spondylosis	10.3
18	thoracic outlet syndrome	10.3
19	chronic fatigue syndrome	10.3
20	brain injury	10.3
21	neurotic disorder	10.2
22	allergic encephalomyelitis	10.2	CCL5 CCL3
23	respiratory syncytial virus infectious disease	10.2	CCL5 CCL3
24	latex allergy	10.2	CCL4 CCL3
25	african tick-bite fever	10.2	CCL5 CCL3
26	ataxia, combined cerebellar and peripheral, with hearing loss and diabetes mellitus	10.2
27	temporomandibular joint anomaly	10.2
28	chronic eosinophilic pneumonia	10.2	CCL5 CCL3
29	submandibular gland cancer	10.2	CCR5 CCL3
30	west nile virus infection	10.2	CCR5 CCL5
31	chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy	10.2	CCL5 CCL4
32	mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis	10.2	CCR5 CCL3
33	somatization disorder	10.2
34	poliomyelitis	10.2
35	pathologic nystagmus	10.2
36	polyradiculoneuropathy	10.2	CCL5 CCL4
37	proliferative glomerulonephritis	10.2	CCR5 CCL3
38	mast-cell leukemia	10.1	CCL5 CCL3
39	pulmonary eosinophilia	10.1	CCL5 CCL3
40	oral lichen planus	10.1	CCR5 CCL5
41	cytomegalovirus infection	10.1	CCL5 CCL3
42	complex regional pain syndrome	10.1	CCL4 CCL3
43	genital herpes	10.1	CCR5 CCL5
44	carpal tunnel syndrome	10.1
45	exanthem	10.1
46	pain agnosia	10.1
47	plica syndrome	10.1
48	benign paroxysmal positional nystagmus	10.1
49	synovitis	10.1
50	dermatitis	10.1

Graphical network of the top 20 diseases related to Whiplash:

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Symptoms & Phenotypes for Whiplash

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Drugs & Therapeutics for Whiplash

Drugs for Whiplash (from DrugBank, HMDB, Dgidb, PharmGKB, IUPHAR, NovoSeek, BitterDB):

(show top 50) (show all 57)

Name

Status

Phase

Clinical Trials

Cas Number

PubChem Id

Pharmaceutical Solutions

Phase 4

Dexamethasone acetate

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

1177-87-3

Dexamethasone

Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved

Phase 2, Phase 3

50-02-2

5743

BB 1101

Phase 2, Phase 3

Hydrocortisone

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 2

50-23-7

5754

Hydrocortisone acetate

Approved, Vet_approved

Phase 2

50-03-3

Amitriptyline

Approved

Phase 2

50-48-6

2160

Cyclobenzaprine

Approved

Phase 2

303-53-7

2895

Ibuprofen

Approved

Phase 2

15687-27-1

3672

Tropisetron

Approved, Investigational

Phase 2

89565-68-4, 105826-92-4

5595

Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 21-propionate

Phase 2

Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate

Phase 2

Antirheumatic Agents

Phase 2

Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Phase 2

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal

Phase 2

Antidepressive Agents

Phase 2

Adrenergic Agents

Phase 2

Psychotropic Drugs

Phase 2

Neurotransmitter Agents

Phase 2

Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

Phase 2

Amitriptyline, perphenazine drug combination

Phase 2

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic

Phase 2

Gastrointestinal Agents

Phase 2

Antiemetics

Phase 2

Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

Phase 2

Serotonin

Investigational, Nutraceutical

Phase 2

50-67-9

5202

Mannitol

Approved, Investigational

69-65-8

6251 453

Levobupivacaine

Approved, Investigational

27262-47-1

92253

Triamcinolone

Approved, Vet_approved

124-94-7

31307

Pyrantel

Approved, Vet_approved

15686-83-6

Citalopram

Approved

59729-33-8

2771

Norepinephrine

Approved

51-41-2

439260

Ethanol

Approved

64-17-5

702

Nicotine

Approved

54-11-5

942 89594

Caffeine

Approved

58-08-2

2519

tannic acid

Approved

1401-55-4

Benzocaine

Approved, Investigational

94-09-7, 1994-09-7

2337

Dimenhydrinate

Approved

523-87-5

441281

Imidacloprid

Vet_approved

105827-78-9

86418

Pyranoprofen

Vaccines

Early Phase 1

Immunologic Factors

Early Phase 1

triamcinolone acetonide

Triamcinolone hexacetonide

Triamcinolone diacetate

Pyrantel Pamoate

Parasympatholytics

Cholinergic Agents

Antiparkinson Agents

Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

Interventional clinical trials:

(show top 50) (show all 77)

#	Name	Status	NCT ID	Phase	Drugs
1	Prospective Pilot Study: Prolotherapy For The Treatment Of Patients With Partial Rotator Cuff Tears	Not yet recruiting	NCT04062838	Phase 4	Dextrose 50
2	Use of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Reducing Arm and Shoulder Complaints in Breast Cancer Patients After Lymph Node Dissection	Terminated	NCT01255631	Phase 4
3	Lidocaine Injection Versus Sham Needling in Treating Whiplash Associated disorder-a Randomized Controlled Trial	Withdrawn	NCT02060734	Phase 4
4	PEMF Effects on Pain After Abdominal Body Contouring	Withdrawn	NCT01762423	Phase 4
5	A Randomized Early Intervention Study Comparing the Effect of Stiff Neck Collar, “Act-as-Usual” and Active Mobilisation on the One Year Outcome Following Whiplash Injury.	Completed	NCT00206271	Phase 3
6	The University Health Network Whiplash Intervention Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Three Programs of Care for the Treatment of Whiplash-associated Disorders	Completed	NCT00546806	Phase 3
7	Preventing Chronic Whiplash Pain: Biobehavioral Approach	Completed	NCT00021476	Phase 3
8	A Pilot Study Comparing Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injections to Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) as a Treatment for Cervical Facetogenic Pain	Not yet recruiting	NCT04392999	Phase 2, Phase 3	Intraarticular platelet rich plasma cervical facet injection;Corticosteroid injection
9	Manual Therapy Dosage Factorial Study	Withdrawn	NCT00560807	Phase 2, Phase 3
10	The Association Between Low Cortisol Level and Whiplash Syndrome and the Effect of a Single Hydrocortisone Injection on Neck Symptoms Among Motor Vehicle Accident Victims: a Randomized Placebo Controlled Double Blinded Study	Unknown status	NCT02090309	Phase 2	Hydrocortisone;normal saline 0.9%
11	Does Acupuncture Activate Endogenous Pain Inhibition in Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders? A Randomized Cross-over Trial	Completed	NCT01512576	Phase 2
12	Acupuncture for Whiplash Associated Disorder: a Randomised, Waiting-list Controlled, Open-label, Parallel-group Pilot Trial	Completed	NCT01395511	Phase 2
13	Comparison of Ibuprofen, Cyclobenzaprine, or Both for Acute Cervical Strain: A Randomized Clinical Trial	Completed	NCT00790270	Phase 2	Cyclobenzaprine;Ibuprofen;Ibuprofen plus Cyclobenzaprine
14	Modulation of Central Hypersensitivity in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain by Intravenous Tropisetron	Completed	NCT00889499	Phase 2	Tropisetron 2 mg;Tropisetron 5mg;Placebo
15	A Randomized Controlled Trial Which Compare the Effectiveness of an APOS Kit With Short Waves Therapy for Treating Whiplash Associated Disorders	Unknown status	NCT00266981
16	Clinical Research on the Efficacy of East-West Collaborative Medicine Using Bee-Venom Acupuncture Therapy on Whiplash-Associated Disorders After Traffic Collisions; A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel Trial	Unknown status	NCT01369238		zaltoprofen
17	Value-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for the Prevention of Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT02251028
18	A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effect of an Information Video in a Acute Whiplash Population	Unknown status	NCT02570659
19	Central Sensitization in Chronic Whiplash Patients: Metabolite Concentrations in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Periacueductal Gray Matter	Unknown status	NCT03005691
20	Efficacy of Pain Neurophysiology Education in Combination With Psychologic Inoculation in Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders : a Double-blind Randomised Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT01544075	Early Phase 1
21	A Pilot Case Randomized Control Study Analysing the Effectiveness of 3 Needling Techniques: Intramuscular Stimulation, Neural Prolotherapy, and Myofascial Release in the Treatment of Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorder.	Unknown status	NCT01824810
22	Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls (DNIC): Nociceptive Modulation and Interaction With Neurocognitive Performance in Chronic Pain	Unknown status	NCT01172795
23	Advantages of the Paramedian Approach for Cervical Epidural Steroid Injections: A Clinical Comparison in Cervical Epidural Pressure Changes Between Midline and Paramedian Approaches	Unknown status	NCT01360138
24	Effect of Neuroscience Education on Subjects With Chronic Knee Pain Related to Osteoarthritis : a Randomized Controlled Trial	Unknown status	NCT02246088
25	Percutaneous Radiofrequency Denervation of the Cervical Facet Joints Compared With Cervical Medial Branch Block of the Facet Joints for Patients With Chronic Degenerative Neck Pain : A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study	Unknown status	NCT01743326
26	Pain Sensitization and the Risk of Poor Outcome Following Physiotherapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study	Unknown status	NCT02310945
27	Efficacy of the Use of Dry Needling in Conventional Non-invasive Treatment of Acute and Subacute Whiplash	Completed	NCT03502928
28	Measuring the Impact of the French Version of the Whiplash Book on Both Treatment Approach and Fears and Beliefs Among Emergency Physicians	Completed	NCT03040245
29	Effectiveness of an Educational Video Following Acute Whiplash Trauma: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Completed	NCT01699334
30	Short-Term Effects of a Manual Therapy Protocol	Completed	NCT01825460
31	Neck Exercises, Physical and Cognitive Behavioural Graded Activity as a Treatment for Adult Whiplash Patients With Chronic Neck Pain	Completed	NCT01431261
32	Neck Muscle Activation in Patients With Long Standing Problems After a Whiplash Trauma Registered With Ultrasound With Speckle Tracking	Completed	NCT01547624
33	Treating Selected Chronic WAD Patients: Cervical Fusion or Multidimensional Rehabilitation. A Randomized Study	Completed	NCT01994044
34	Icing Effects on Neck Functions of the Boxers	Completed	NCT01203280
35	The Efficacy and Safety of Trapezius MSAT on Inpatients With Acute Whiplash Injury Caused by Traffic Accidents: A Randomized Controlled Trials	Completed	NCT04113824
36	Effects of Different Exercise Programs for People With Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders: a Prospective Randomized Study	Completed	NCT01528579
37	Clinical and Biological Responses of People With Neck Pain Being Treated With Varying Doses of Manual Therapy: A Pilot Study	Completed	NCT01957033
38	Unraveling the Nature of Impaired Pain Inhibition in Patients With Chronic Whiplash-associated Disorders: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial for the Treatment of Central Sensitization	Completed	NCT01601912		Atomoxetine;Citalopram
39	Is Chronic Whiplash-associated Pain of Neurogenic Origin? A Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Neurolysis of Peripheral Nerves With Traditional Neck-specific Exercise	Completed	NCT02692937
40	The Analysis for Factors Affecting Termination of Treatment and Treatment Satisfaction of Korean Medicine in Traffic Accident Injury Patients: A Retrospective Study With Survey	Completed	NCT04167930
41	Evaluation of a Novel Intervention to Promote Engagement in Physical Activity for Individuals With Whiplash Associated Disorder: a Multiple-baseline, Single Case Experimental Study	Completed	NCT03729856
42	Explain Pain in Fibromyalgia Patients	Completed	NCT02474875
43	Application of High Frequency Electrical Currents: Effects on Mechanical Threshold, Tactile Threshold and Evoked Potentials in Healthy Subjects.	Completed	NCT02837458
44	The Effectiveness of Two Training Protocols When Managing Chronic Cervical Pain: Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.	Completed	NCT02225873
45	Effects of Kinesio Taping in Patients With Somatosensory Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Completed	NCT03782220
46	Prognostic Value of Measures of Central Hypersensitivity in Patients With Low Back Pain	Completed	NCT00892411
47	Effectiveness of an Eye-Cervical Re-education Program (ECRP) to Decrease Pain and Increase Mobility in the Cervical Area Compared to a Combined Physiotherapy Protocol (CPP) in Patients With Chronic Neck Pain Symptoms.	Completed	NCT03197285
48	Effect of the Kinesio Taping in Patients With Fibromyalgia.	Completed	NCT02763332
49	The Effect of TheraBand® Kinesiology Tape on Post-manipulation Pain and Range of Motion	Completed	NCT02691143
50	Effects of a Single Dry Needling Session of the Obliquus Capitis Inferior on the Altered Sensorimotor Function in People With Neck Pain: a Random Control Trial	Completed	NCT03838224

Search NIH Clinical Center for Whiplash

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Genetic Tests for Whiplash

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Anatomical Context for Whiplash

MalaCards organs/tissues related to Whiplash:

⁴⁰

Testes, Brain, Eye, Spinal Cord, Bone, Cortex, Breast

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Publications for Whiplash

Articles related to Whiplash:

(show top 50) (show all 3039)

#	Title	Authors	PMID	Year
1	Extended overview of the longitudinal pain-depression association: A comparison of six cohorts treated for specific chronic pain conditions. ⁶¹	Angst F...Angst J	32560947	2020
2	Estimating the number of traffic crash-related cervical spine injuries in the United States; An analysis and comparison of national crash and hospital data. ⁶¹	Freeman MD...Leith WM	32413544	2020
3	Defining Recovery in Chronic Whiplash: A Qualitative Study. ⁶¹	Griffin AR...Trudy R	32217847	2020
4	Jaw-neck motor function in the acute stage after whiplash trauma. ⁶¹	Eklund A...Haggman-Henrikson B	32306432	2020
5	Small fibre pathology in chronic whiplash-associated disorder: A cross-sectional study. ⁶¹	Farrell SF...Schmid AB	32096260	2020
6	Spinal cord injury is not a feature of chronic whiplash-associated disorder: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. ⁶¹	Farrell SF...Sterling M	32303835	2020
7	Whiplash-Associated Dysphagia: Considerations of Potential Incidence and Mechanisms. ⁶¹	Stone D...Elliott JM	31377863	2020
8	Brain Network Disruption in Whiplash. ⁶¹	Higgins JP...Parrish TB	32499250	2020
9	Retrospective analysis of the incidence of trauma in patients with temporomandibular disorders. ⁶¹	Bal B...Oral K	32575165	2020
10	Effectiveness of Implementation Strategies to Improve Adherence of Physical Therapist Treatment Choices to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Musculoskeletal Conditions: Systematic Review. ⁶¹	Zadro JR...Maher CG	32488264	2020
11	Whiplash-Associated Dysphagia and Dysphonia: A Scoping Review. ⁶¹	Stone DB...Elliott JM	32445061	2020
12	Exercise Induced Hypoalgesia is Impaired in Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) with Both Aerobic and Isometric Exercise. ⁶¹	Smith A...Sterling M	32433074	2020
13	Neck pain and headache after whiplash injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ⁶¹	Al-Khazali HM...Schytz HW	31977938	2020
14	Exploring the relationship between chronic pain and cortisol levels in subjects with osteoarthritis: results from a systematic review of the literature. ⁶¹	Villafane JH...Berjano P	32156623	2020
15	Does Motor Cortex Engagement During Movement Preparation Differentially Inhibit Nociceptive Processing in Patients with Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Healthy Controls? An Experimental Study. ⁶¹	Goudman L...De Kooning M	32443565	2020
16	Letter to the Editor concerning "The role of non-rigid cervical collar in pain relief and functional restoration after whiplash injury: a systematic review and a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials" by Ricciardi L, et al. (Eur Spine J; [2019] 28:1821-1828). ⁶¹	Christensen SWM...Skou ST	32180023	2020
17	Answer to the letter to the editor of Christensen S et al. concerning "The role of non-rigid cervical collar in pain relief and functional restoration after whiplash injury-a systematic review and a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials" by Ricciardi L et al. (Eur Spine J; [2019] 28:1821-1828). ⁶¹	Ricciardi L...Sturiale CL	32193625	2020
18	Age-related changes to the craniocervical ligaments in asymptomatic subjects: a prospective MR study. ⁶¹	Peters B...Van Goethem JW	31980925	2020
19	Pain Sensitivity Modifies Risk of Injury-Related Temporomandibular Disorder. ⁶¹	Sharma S...Slade G	32197057	2020
20	Does Overall Cervical Spine Pathology Relate to the Clinical Heterogeneity of Chronic Whiplash? ⁶¹	Elliott JM...Courtney DM	31285071	2020
21	Processing of Laser-Evoked Potentials in Patients with Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Healthy Controls: A Case-Control Study. ⁶¹	Goudman L...De Kooning M	32289826	2020
22	Can cortisol levels predict the severity of acute whiplash-associated disorders? ⁶¹	Shaked D...Czeiger D	30315329	2020
23	A pilot study on the evaluation of eye, head, and trunk coordination in subjects with chronic whiplash during a target-tracking task - A driving context approach. ⁶¹	Gadotti I...Cevallos F	32217270	2020
24	Optimization of Female Head-Neck Model with Active Reflexive Cervical Muscles in Low Severity Rear Impact Collisions. ⁶¹	Putra IPA...Thomson R	32333133	2020
25	Road traffic whiplash injury in the elderly: Clinical and video-nystagmographic features. ⁶¹	Favaretto N...Marioni G	32345445	2020
26	Intervention with an educational video after a whiplash trauma - a randomised controlled clinical trial. ⁶¹	Rydman E...Kasina P	31747385	2020
27	Neck-specific exercise for radiating pain and neurological deficits in chronic whiplash, a 1-year follow-up of a randomised clinical trial. ⁶¹	Ludvigsson ML...Peolsson A	32317700	2020
28	A Qualitative Comparison of Reassurance Approaches Used by Physical Therapists to Address Fears and Concerns of Patients With Nonspecific Neck Pain and Whiplash Associated Disorders: An Online Survey. ⁶¹	Guerrero AVS...Sterling M	32280971	2020
29	Evaluating the Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Neck Training Device on Multiplanar Static and Dynamic Neck Strength: A Pilot Study. ⁶¹	Versteegh TH...Walton DM	30946260	2020
30	Characterizing the Mechanical Properties of Ectopic Axonal Receptive Fields in Inflamed Nerves and Following Axonal Transport Disruption. ⁶¹	Goodwin G...Dilley A	31874241	2020
31	Can measuring passive neck muscle stiffness in whiplash injury patients help detect false whiplash claims? ⁶¹	Aljinovic J...Vlak T	32189119	2020
32	Medical and allied health service use during acute and chronic post-injury periods in whiplash injured individuals. ⁶¹	Ritchie C...Sterling M	32228573	2020
33	Diagnostic Accuracy of Videofluoroscopy for Symptomatic Cervical Spine Injury Following Whiplash Trauma. ⁶¹	Freeman MD...Leith WM	32150926	2020
34	Non-whiplash soft tissue injuries following low-velocity impact collisions: A retrospective analysis. ⁶¹	Morris H...Kurup H	31859584	2020
35	Recovery despite everyday pain: Women's experiences of living with whiplash-associated disorder. ⁶¹	Juuso P...Soderberg S	31917514	2020
36	Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD. ⁶¹	Petersen MW...Fink P	32094442	2020
37	Acupuncture for whiplash-associated disorder following road traffic collision: a physiotherapy service evaluation. ⁶¹	Stuart S...Morris R	32026700	2020
38	An analysis of whiplash injury outcomes in an Irish population: a retrospective fifteen-year study of a spine surgeon's experience. ⁶¹	McCabe E...McCabe JP	31119531	2020
39	The Course of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Disability After Whiplash Trauma: A 2-year Prospective Study. ⁶¹	Lampa E...Haggman-Henrikson B	31513116	2020
40	The significance of cervical sagittal alignment for nonrecovery after whiplash injury. ⁶¹	Rydman E...Jarnbert-Pettersson H	32058085	2020
41	There's Nothing Broken. You've Had a Whiplash, That's It: A Qualitative Study of Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Whiplash Associated Disorders. ⁶¹	Ravn SL...Andersen TE	32101297	2020
42	Thresholds for the assessment of inflicted head injury by shaking trauma in infants: a systematic review. ⁶¹	Schiks LAH...Loeve AJ	31785511	2020
43	Biomechanical contribution of the alar ligaments to upper cervical stability. ⁶¹	Tisherman R...Bell K	31813563	2020
44	Cervical Muscle Tenderness in Temporomandibular Disorders and Its Associations with Diagnosis, Disease-Related Outcomes, and Comorbid Pain Conditions. ⁶¹	Almoznino G...Benoliel R	31465035	2020
45	A comparison of anti-whiplash seats during low/moderate speed rear-end collisions. ⁶¹	Mang DWH...Blouin JS	32027520	2020
46	Dissection of the V3-V4 due to whiplash injury: description of a non-fatal case. ⁶¹	Bottari G...Solarino B	31850477	2020
47	Muscle fat infiltration following whiplash: A computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging comparison. ⁶¹	Elliott JM...Parrish TB	32484835	2020
48	Associations between the injustice experience questionnaire and treatment term in patients with acute Whiplash-associated disorder in Japan: Comparison with Canadian data. ⁶¹	Hayashi K...Shibata M	32282836	2020
49	Measuring the impact of the French version of The Whiplash Book on both treatment approach and fear-avoidance beliefs among emergency physicians. A cluster randomized controlled trial. ⁶¹	Lanhers C...Coudeyre E	32187610	2020
50	Relationships Between Context, Process, and Outcome Indicators to Assess Quality of Physiotherapy Care in Patients with Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Applying Donabedian's Model of Care. ⁶¹	Oostendorp RAB...Samwel H	32184572	2020

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Genes for Whiplash

Genes related to Whiplash (0 elite genes):

- Elite gene

- Cancer Census gene in COSMIC

#	Symbol	Description	Category	Score	Evidence
1	CCL3	C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
2	CCL4	C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 4	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
3	CCL5	C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
4	CCR5	C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 5	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
5	COMT	Catechol-O-Methyltransferase	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
6	IL16	Interleukin 16	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
7	KNG1	Kininogen 1	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)
8	PEMT	Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase	Protein Coding	6.38	GeneCards inferred via : Publications (show sections)

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Variations for Whiplash

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Expression for Whiplash

Search GEO for disease gene expression data for Whiplash.

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Pathways for Whiplash

Pathways related to Whiplash according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 13)

#	Super pathways	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	PEDF Induced Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain ⁶³ Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction ³⁶ Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway ⁶³ Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling ⁶³ IL-6 Pathway ⁶³ MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation ⁶³ MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells ⁶³ NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions ⁶³ PGC1Alpha Pathway ⁶³ RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation ⁶³ STAT3 Pathway ⁶³	13.26	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
2	Akt Signaling ⁶³ Show member pathways p38 Signaling ⁶³ Tec Kinases Signaling ⁶³	13.02	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
3	Cytokine Signaling in Immune system ⁶⁵ Show member pathways Signaling by Interleukins ⁶⁵	12.91	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
4	PAK Pathway ⁶³ Show member pathways Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C ⁶³ Epithelial Adherens Junctions ⁶³	12.79	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
5	Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathway ³⁶ ¹ Show member pathways Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) ³⁶ Hepatitis B ³⁶ Hepatitis C ³⁶ Regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway ¹	12.68	KNG1 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
6	Human cytomegalovirus infection ³⁶ Show member pathways Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection ³⁶ Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection ³⁶	12.55	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
7	CCR5 Pathway in Macrophages ⁶³ Show member pathways Androgen Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine Signaling ⁶³ Chemokine signaling pathway ³⁶	12.49	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
8	Chemokine Superfamily: Human/Mouse Ligand-Receptor Interactions ⁶⁴ Show member pathways Chemokine receptors bind chemokines ⁶⁵ Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor ³⁶	11.59	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
9	IL12-mediated signaling events ¹ Show member pathways Immune response IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production ²²	11.49	CCR5 CCL4 CCL3
10	Lung fibrosis ¹	11.13	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
11	IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types ⁶⁴ Show member pathways IL-2 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types ⁶⁴	11.07	CCL4 CCL3
12	Interleukin-10 signaling ⁶⁵	10.61	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
13	G-protein signaling_Rap2B regulation pathway ²²	10.57	IL16 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3

Sources

GO Terms for Whiplash

Cellular components related to Whiplash according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cell	GO:0005623	9.26	KNG1 CCR5 CCL5 CCL3
2	extracellular space	GO:0005615	9.02	KNG1 IL16 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3

Biological processes related to Whiplash according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

(show all 36)

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	signal transduction	GO:0007165	10.06	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
2	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	GO:0007186	10.02	KNG1 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
3	immune response	GO:0006955	9.85	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
4	positive regulation of GTPase activity	GO:0043547	9.84	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
5	MAPK cascade	GO:0000165	9.83	CCR5 CCL5 CCL3
6	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	GO:0070374	9.81	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
7	cell-cell signaling	GO:0007267	9.81	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
8	calcium ion transport	GO:0006816	9.8	CCR5 CCL5 CCL3
9	cellular response to tumor necrosis factor	GO:0071356	9.79	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
10	inflammatory response	GO:0006954	9.77	KNG1 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
11	cellular response to interferon-gamma	GO:0071346	9.76	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
12	response to toxic substance	GO:0009636	9.75	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
13	cell chemotaxis	GO:0060326	9.73	CCR5 CCL5 CCL3
14	cellular response to interleukin-1	GO:0071347	9.72	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
15	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0019221	9.72	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
16	neutrophil chemotaxis	GO:0030593	9.71	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
17	cellular response to organic cyclic compound	GO:0071407	9.67	CCL5 CCL3
18	monocyte chemotaxis	GO:0002548	9.67	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
19	positive chemotaxis	GO:0050918	9.66	CCL5 CCL3
20	protein kinase B signaling	GO:0043491	9.65	CCL5 CCL3
21	lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0031663	9.65	CCL5 CCL3
22	lymphocyte chemotaxis	GO:0048247	9.65	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
23	regulation of sensory perception of pain	GO:0051930	9.64	COMT CCL3
24	positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling	GO:0050850	9.63	CCL4 CCL3
25	dendritic cell chemotaxis	GO:0002407	9.63	CCR5 CCL5
26	macrophage chemotaxis	GO:0048246	9.61	CCL5 CCL3
27	positive regulation of calcium ion transport	GO:0051928	9.61	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
28	response to cholesterol	GO:0070723	9.6	CCR5 CCL3
29	signaling	GO:0023052	9.59	CCR5 CCL3
30	eosinophil chemotaxis	GO:0048245	9.58	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
31	release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum	GO:0014808	9.57	CCR5 CCL3
32	negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process	GO:2000110	9.52	CCR5 CCL5
33	chemokine-mediated signaling pathway	GO:0070098	9.46	CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
34	negative regulation by host of viral transcription	GO:0043922	9.43	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
35	positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis	GO:2000503	9.13	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
36	chemotaxis	GO:0006935	9.02	IL16 CCR5 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3

Molecular functions related to Whiplash according to GeneCards Suite gene sharing:

#	Name	GO ID	Score	Top Affiliating Genes
1	cytokine activity	GO:0005125	9.62	IL16 CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
2	chemoattractant activity	GO:0042056	9.43	CCL5 CCL3
3	chemokine activity	GO:0008009	9.43	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
4	phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity	GO:0004435	9.4	CCR5 CCL5
5	phospholipase activator activity	GO:0016004	9.37	CCL5 CCL3
6	CCR chemokine receptor binding	GO:0048020	9.33	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
7	CCR5 chemokine receptor binding	GO:0031730	9.13	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3
8	CCR1 chemokine receptor binding	GO:0031726	8.8	CCL5 CCL4 CCL3

Sources

Sources for Whiplash

¹ BioSystems

² BitterDB

³ CDC

⁴ Cell Signaling Technology

⁵ ClinicalTrials

⁶ ClinVar

⁷ CNVD

⁸ Cochrane Library

⁹ Cosmic

¹⁰ dbSNP

¹¹ DGIdb

¹² Disease Ontology

¹³ diseasecard

¹⁴ DiseaseEnhancer

¹⁵ DISEASES

¹⁶ DrugBank

¹⁷ EFO

¹⁸ ExPASy

¹⁹ FMA

²⁰ GeneAnalytics

²¹ GeneCards

²² GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)

²³ GeneHancer via GeneCards

²⁴ GeneReviews

²⁵ Genetics Home Reference

²⁶ GenomeRNAi

²⁷ GEO DataSets

²⁸ GO

²⁹ GTR

³⁰ HMDB

³¹ HPO

³² ICD10

³³ ICD10 via Orphanet

³⁴ ICD9CM

³⁵ IUPHAR

³⁶ KEGG

³⁷ LifeMap

³⁸ LncRNADisease

³⁹ LOVD

⁴⁰ MalaCards

⁴¹ MedGen

⁴² MedlinePlus

⁴³ MeSH

⁴⁴ MESH via Orphanet

⁴⁵ MGI

⁴⁶ miR2Disease

⁴⁷ NCBI Bookshelf

⁴⁸ NCI

⁴⁹ NCIt

⁵⁰ NDF-RT

⁵¹ NIH Clinical Center

⁵² NIH Rare Diseases

⁵³ NINDS

⁵⁴ Novoseek

⁵⁵ Novus Biologicals

⁵⁶ OMIM

⁵⁷ OMIM via Orphanet

⁵⁸ Orphanet

⁵⁹ PathCards

⁶⁰ PharmGKB

⁶¹ PubMed

⁶² PubMed Health

⁶³ QIAGEN

⁶⁴ R&D Systems

⁶⁵ Reactome

⁶⁶ Sino Biological

⁶⁷ SNOMED-CT

⁶⁸ SNOMED-CT via HPO

⁶⁹ TGDB

⁷⁰ Tocris

⁷¹ UMLS

⁷² UMLS via Orphanet

⁷³ UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

⁷⁴ Wikipedia